BMC Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of the Swedish Work-Life Balance Scale.","authors":"Frida Degerstedt, Susanna Bellander, Joakim Ingrell, Peter G Tedeholm, Therese Nordin, Elin Granholm Valmari","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05752-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05752-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Work-life balance concerns individuals' subjective experience of how well work and non-work activities fit together. Work-life balance has been associated with, for instance, psychological health and other occupational outcomes. The four-item Work-Life Balance Scale provides a brief measure of this construct, but no culturally adapted and psychometrically evaluated Swedish version has previously been available. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally validate the scale for use in Sweden and to conduct a psychometric evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scale was translated and cross-culturally adapted in accordance with standard guidelines. The process included preparation, two independent forward translations, reconciliation, two independent back translations, equivalence review, cognitive debriefing with eight Swedish-speaking participants, proofreading, and finalization. Psychometric evaluation was conducted using cross-sectional survey data from 215 students across both the police and the prison and probation service education. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and corrected item-rest correlations. The proposed one-factor structure was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was assessed in relation to occupational balance. Moreover, construct validity through hypothesized associations was examined with depressive and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete Work-Life Balance Scale data were available for 215 participants. The mean scale score was 3.85 (SD = 0.85) out of 5. Internal consistency was found to be good according to both Cronbach's and McDonald's ω. However, the reverse-worded item showed a lower corrected item-rest correlation than the other three. The one-factor model demonstrated mixed but generally acceptable fit, as confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis. Again, the reverse-worded item showed the lowest loading. Work-life balance correlated positively with occupational balance, indicating convergent validity, while being negatively associated with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms, as hypothesized.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Swedish Work-Life Balance Scale demonstrated promising initial psychometric properties, including good internal consistency and convergent validity. Additional studies should evaluate test-retest reliability, measurement invariance, responsiveness, and predictive validity in broader Swedish working populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between surgical fear, spiritual well-being, and religious coping in patients scheduled for open heart surgery: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tülay Kılınç, Ayşegül Yayla, Ayşenur Ergün","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05697-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05697-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Open-heart surgery involves surgical fear as a frequently experienced condition in patients because of uncertainty, perception of death, pain, and intense stress. In this process, spiritual well-being and religious coping mechanisms stand out as important psychosocial resources that can influence how patients cope with fear and anxiety. The study aimed to determine the relationship between surgical fear, spiritual well-being, and religious coping in patients scheduled for open-heart surgery.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. The study was conducted with patients scheduled for open-heart surgery in the cardiovascular surgery department of a university hospital in eastern Turkiye. Data were collected during the preoperative period between March and October 2025. Participants who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The study was completed with 179 patients. The data were collected using the \"Personal Information Form\", \"Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ)\", \"3-Factor Spiritual Well-being Scale (3F-SWBS)\", and \"Religious Coping Scale (RCS)\". Descriptive statistics (percentages, mean values, frequencies, and standard deviation values), t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for analyses. Also, stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing surgical fear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the patients was 64.99 ± 9.27 years. The mean SFQ score was 22.69 ± 19.79, the mean 3F-SWBS score was 124.78 ± 12.04, the positive religious coping score was 26.21 ± 2.87, and the negative religious coping score was 10.05 ± 3.59. 3F-Spiritual well-being (Beta = -0.282 ; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with surgical fear, followed by negative religious coping (Beta = 0.208; p=0.005 p) and having previous non-cardiac surgery (Beta = 0.166; p=0.019 p).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that patients reported low levels of surgical fear, high levels of spiritual well-being, and positive religious coping, alongside low levels of negative religious coping. Higher spiritual well-being was associated with lower surgical fear, whereas higher negative religious coping and a history of previous non-cardiac surgery were associated with higher surgical fear.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Songhao Peng, Min Zhou, Longyan Yue, Xiaojing Hei, Zihan Li, Fanxue Kong, Tao Zhang, Xiaoli Ren, Yan Song","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05211-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05211-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fear of negative evaluation (FNE) is widely regarded as a central cognitive component of social anxiety (SA). However, the strength and stability of the association between FNE and SA, as well as potential moderating factors, remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically synthesize existing evidence on the relationship between FNE and SA and to examine potential moderators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024619488). A systematic search of major databases was conducted for studies published between January 2010 and April 2025. Eligible studies examined the association between FNE and SA. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Random-effects models were used to estimate pooled effect sizes, with heterogeneity assessed using Q and I² statistics. Moderator analyses were conducted to explore sources of variability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 143 studies comprising 146 independent samples (N = 80,285) were included. The pooled correlation between FNE and SA was r = 0.53 (95% CI: 0.50-0.55; I² = 88.62%), indicating a moderate positive association. Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies. Moderator analyses suggested that social anxiety measurement tools and cultural background were associated with variability in effect sizes, with stronger correlations observed in Western samples (r = 0.59) compared to Eastern samples (r = 0.52). In contrast, gender, age, publication year, and FNE measurement tools were not significant moderators. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, and no evidence of substantial publication bias was detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis provides robust evidence for a moderate positive association between FNE and SA, suggesting that FNE is an important cognitive component of social anxiety. The strength of this association varies across cultural contexts and measurement approaches, highlighting the importance of contextual and methodological factors in shaping observed effects. However, the substantial heterogeneity and predominance of cross-sectional designs limit causal interpretation. Future longitudinal and cross-cultural studies are needed to clarify the developmental and contextual dynamics of this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Housing deprivation and depression in older adults living alone: the moderating roles of social capital and urban-rural region.","authors":"Sok An","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05317-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05317-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Older adults are particularly affected by social and environmental factors, including social capital, living areas, and housing deprivation, as they often spend substantial time at home or within their local communities. These influences are especially pronounced for those living alone, due to limited social networks and interactions. This study aimed to examine the role of social capital and living areas in the relationship between housing deprivation and depression among older adults living alone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzed data from 1,557 older adults living alone, drawn from the 16th wave (2021) of the Korean Welfare Panel Study. Latent variables included depressive symptoms (measured by the CESD-11), housing deprivation, and social capital. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using Mplus was employed to test the latent interactions between social capital and housing deprivation, and between living areas and housing deprivation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study results indicated that housing deprivation, social capital, and living area significantly influenced depressive symptoms. Housing deprivation was positively associated with depression, whereas social capital was negatively associated. Notably, the adverse effects of housing deprivation were more pronounced among individuals with low social capital and those living in rural areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and implications: </strong>Social capital was found to mitigate depressive symptoms and buffer the negative impact of housing deprivation. These findings suggest that policies and interventions should focus on strengthening social capital, particularly in rural areas, to support the mental health of older adults living alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flying under the radar: a qualitative examination of self-diagnosed ADHD and identity formation in young women.","authors":"Matilda A Frick, Cecilia Cederlid, Linn Hegdal, Jan Grimell","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05732-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-05732-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnoses has increased sharply, in many western countries, including Sweden, especially among women and adults. Concurrently, more people seem to identify with ADHD without having a formal diagnosis, a phenomenon that has been highlighted in the media but not examined thoroughly in research. As women with ADHD are diagnosed later in life compared to men, self-diagnosis in young women may be an important piece of puzzle to understand diagnostic processes and identification. The aim of the current study was to improve the understanding of the motives and processes underlying self-diagnosed ADHD in young women, with a special focus on identity formation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2025 with 15 women aged 18-25 years with self-diagnosed ADHD and self-rated ADHD-symptom levels above the cut-off for probable diagnosis. The sample was recruited via Meta and the interviews were analyzed using thematic inductive method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis generated six themes. Three themes related to how young women describe their self-diagnosed ADHD; recognition in ADHD symptoms, experience of invisibility and a lonely struggle, and ambivalence towards assessment and diagnosis. An additional three themes to how they articulate their self-perception; managing demands and expectations, difficulties related to social roles and relationships, and feeling different and seeking acceptance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-diagnosis played an important role in identity development by validating difficult experiences for young women with ADHD-like symptoms. Strives to live up to being a \"good girl\", including high academic achievement, disguised their experienced difficulties and gendered norms may contribute to self-diagnosis and medicalization. Their invisible struggles had a negative impact on self-image, and they experienced being left to fend for themselves in dealing with the demands of society.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13637318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood unpredictability and problematic internet pornography use among Chinese university students: a moderated serial mediation model.","authors":"Yan Li, Yuan Yan, Dongmei Hu, Xiaoyin Hu","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05736-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05736-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although previous studies have shown that childhood unpredictability affects problematic internet pornography use in college students, the fundamental mediating mechanisms and moderating boundary conditions have not been thoroughly investigated. Consequently, the current research aimed to determine whether life history strategy and body image serve as mediators in the link between childhood unpredictability and problematic internet pornography use, and whether these mediating pathways are influenced by perceived friend support.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a two-wave cross-sectional survey design, this study recruited 422 Chinese university students as participants. Research variables were measured with standardized questionnaires, and the moderated chain mediation model was analyzed with PROCESS Model 88.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mediation analysis indicates that life history strategy and body image independently mediate the link between childhood unpredictability and problematic internet pornography use, and that the two also show significant sequential mediation effects. Simple slope analysis further shows that perceived friend support moderates the negative predictive effect of a slow life history strategy on problematic internet pornography use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Life history strategy and body image are the key mediating pathways through which childhood unpredictability affects university students' problematic internet pornography use. Perceived friend support can buffer the negative effect of a slow life history strategy on problematic internet pornography use. The study reveals a chain-like cognitive mechanism in which early developmental environments influence university students' problematic internet pornography use, providing empirical support for universities to carry out psychological interventions for high-risk students and to improve peer support systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social anxiety, physical exercise, regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and social avoidance among junior high school students: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yihang Du, Kaiyi Zhang, Wenbo Wu, Mingyi Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05742-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05742-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the cross-sectional associations of physical exercise (PE), regulatory emotional self-efficacy (RESE), and social avoidance (SAV) with social anxiety (SA) among junior high school students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A school-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 817 students from five junior high schools in Nanyang, Henan Province, China. PE, RESE, SAV, and SA were assessed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, SAV dimension of the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, and Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, zero-order correlations, two-step hierarchical multiple linear regression with HC3 standard errors, and robustness and supplementary analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SA was negatively correlated with PE (r = - 0.320, p < 0.001) and RESE (r = - 0.330, p < 0.001), and positively correlated with SAV (r = 0.434, p < 0.001). After adjustment for sex, grade, and household registration, PE (β = -0.174, p < 0.001) and RESE (β = -0.182, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with SA, whereas SAV was positively associated with SA (β = 0.322, p < 0.001). The final model explained 26.6% of the variance in SA. The directions of the main associations were unchanged after log-transforming PE and excluding potentially influential observations; SAV also remained associated with fear of negative evaluation in the alternative-outcome analysis. Efficacy in managing despondency or distress and efficacy in managing anger or irritation were negatively associated with SA, whereas efficacy in expressing positive affect was not independently significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SA among junior high school students appears to be associated with multiple behavioral and psychological domains rather than a single factor, encompassing PE, RESE, and SAV. These findings highlight the importance of differentiated student assessment and support that considers PE participation, confidence in managing difficult emotions, and SAV-related behavior alongside SA symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the vicarious trap: two buffers against close others' environmental influence.","authors":"Xiao Xiao, Youlong Zhan, Yiping Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05363-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05363-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Close others' pro-environmental or anti-environmental behaviors can create a vicarious trap: good deeds trigger licensing (reducing one's own effort), and bad deeds induce identification (justifying inaction). However, how this trap can be mitigated remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Across four studies (total N = 523), we found evidence for the vicarious trap in pro‑environmental behavior (PEB) and tested two buffers: situational openness (Study 2) and environmental self‑identity (Studies 3-4). Study 1 compared relationship types; Study 4 combined a brief identity‑enhancement intervention with a 30‑day diary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study 1 (N = 97) showed that recalling close friends' (but not family members') environmental actions reduced subsequent PEB. Study 2 (N = 180) demonstrated that situational openness-making the recalled behavior public-eliminated the trap. Study 3 (N = 180) showed that high environmental self-identity provided complete immunity. Study 4 (N = 66) provided preliminary, exploratory evidence that identity enhancement promotes an identity‑driven pathway: daily environmental self‑identity predicted next‑day PEB with autoregressive controls, and mediation analyses confirmed identity as the causal mechanism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings identify boundary conditions and provide initial evidence for an identity‑driven behavioral pathway, with practical implications for interventions leveraging social norms and self‑concept to promote sustained PEB.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13644283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent profile analysis of resilience and its relationship with depression-anxiety-stress among Chinese nursing students: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yiru Wang, Taotao Zhang, Min Wu, Xue Li, Lvman Xiao, Li Ke","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05720-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40359-026-05720-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resilience is an important psychological resource for nursing students, but little is known about how item-level resilience profiles relate to depression, anxiety and stress among Chinese nursing students. We identified resilience profiles and examined their associations with these symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study included 2,378 nursing students from four medical colleges in Hubei Province, China. Data were collected between January 2025 and March 2026. Resilience was assessed with the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Depression-Anxiety-Stress with the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Latent profile analysis was used to identify resilience profiles. Chi-square tests, multinomial logistic regression, the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars procedure and hierarchical linear regression were used to examine profile characteristics and Depression-Anxiety-Stress outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three-profile solution (entropy = 0.958) comprised a lower adversity-adaptation profile (52.2%), an intermediate profile (40.6%) and a higher profile (7.2%). Depression, anxiety, stress and total DASS-21 scores followed a graded pattern across the profiles (all p < 0.001). Relative to the higher profile, the lower and intermediate profiles were associated with 18.661- and 5.775-point higher total DASS-21 scores, respectively. The model with six demographic, family and relational covariates explained 8.7% of the variance (R² = 0.087); adding profile membership increased explained variance to 18.1% (R² = 0.181; ΔR² = 0.094).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Three relative adversity-adaptation profiles were identified among Chinese nursing students, with differences in sociodemographic and relational characteristics. Depression, anxiety and stress scores were highest in the lower profile and lowest in the higher profile. After adjustment, both the lower and intermediate profiles remained associated with higher total DASS-21 scores than the higher profile. These findings may help nursing schools combine universal support with direct symptom assessment and mentoring based on students' needs. Longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to determine whether profile-informed support improves outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of potential depression, anxiety, and suicidality among the young population in Kazakhstan: a national population-based study.","authors":"Xinyu Li, Andrew Stickley, Yuanxuan Cai, Yilin Gai, Geir Bjørklund, Yunfei Li, Fan Jiang, Shanquan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40359-026-05618-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-05618-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health disorders are the primary driver of the global disease burden among young people, yet nationally representative data for Central Asia remains scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of potential depression, anxiety, and suicidality among the young population in the Central Asian nation of Kazakhstan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2024 Kazakhstan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), a nationally representative, multi-stage probability sample. Potential depression and anxiety were screened using the PHQ-2 and GAD-2 instruments (cut-off ≥ 3), while suicidality was assessed via self-reported thoughts (past two weeks) or attempts (past 12 months). Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated, and modified Poisson regression models identified independent sociodemographic risk factors. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were estimated to quantify the impact of associated risks.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>We included 5,079 individuals aged 15-24 years. The weighted national prevalence was 1.70% (95%CI = 1.31-2.08) for potential depression, 1.59% (95%CI = 1.23-1.96) for potential anxiety, and 0.96% (95%CI = 0.65-1.27) for potential suicidality among the population aged 15-24 years. In adjusted analyses, female sex was the strongest predictor of both potential depression (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 2.72, 95%CI = 1.55-4.79) and anxiety (aRR = 2.80, 95%CI = 1.58-4.96). Non-Kazakh ethnicity was also significantly associated with an increased risk of depression (aRR = 1.88, 95%CI = 1.17-3.02) and anxiety (aRR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.28-3.11). PAFs indicated that female sex accounted for 45.6% and 46.8% of the risk for depression and anxiety, respectively. No significant sociodemographic correlates were identified for suicidality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide the first nationally representative benchmarks for youth mental health in Kazakhstan. While prevalence rates are lower than global averages, the marked disparities by sex and ethnicity highlight the need for targeted, culturally sensitive mental health interventions. Strengthening early detection and resource allocation for these vulnerable subgroups is essential to meet national and Sustainable Development Goal targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}