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Current Opinion in Toxicology最新文献

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Protecting future generations by regulatory approaches 通过监管手段保护子孙后代
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100422
Linda G. Roberts , Alan M. Hoberman
{"title":"Protecting future generations by regulatory approaches","authors":"Linda G. Roberts ,&nbsp;Alan M. Hoberman","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The use of regulations to protect future generations is a form of risk management that continues to evolve. This article looks at three aspects of regulatory toxicology<span> utilized in this pursuit: prenatal testing assessments, occupational exposure limits, and mandatory food fortification. Approaches to the identification of prenatal toxicants are founded in nonclinical, </span></span><em>in vivo</em><span> testing paradigms that offer the advantages of standardized study designs. New approach methods continue to be evaluated as replacements for animal studies. Greater inclusion of pregnant women in research should ultimately benefit therapeutic decisions for both mothers and infants. Development of occupational exposure limits that incorporate the physiology of pregnant workers across more varied occupations and for more chemical agents should improve workplace safety guidance. Utilizing regulatory approaches to allay nutritional deficiencies<span> could protect future generations through birth defects prevention.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48631445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Air pollution and DOHaD: The health of the next generation with emphasis on the Brazilian population 空气污染和DOHaD-下一代的健康，重点关注巴西人口
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100416
Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Kadija Santée, Lais Fajerstzjan, Mariana Matera Veras
{"title":"Air pollution and DOHaD: The health of the next generation with emphasis on the Brazilian population","authors":"Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva,&nbsp;Kadija Santée,&nbsp;Lais Fajerstzjan,&nbsp;Mariana Matera Veras","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is established in the scientific literature that environmental air pollution has acute and chronic harmful consequences on human health. In recent decades, studies showed that the harmful effects of bad air quality can impair future generations. Early exposure to bad air quality (in uterus, infant, and early childhood) can increase the susceptibility to noncommunicable diseases<span> (NCDs) across the lifespan. Brazil and other countries do not meet health safety standards recommended by the World Health Organization, exposing large population to air pollution and its risks. Controlling air quality is crucial in order to face the increase in NCDs and protect the health of the population. Reducing air pollution should be considered a public health policy to prevent and manage NCDs, alongside with well-established recommendations for changes in lifestyle (eating healthy food, exercising, stopping tobacco smoking, etc.).</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100416"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48455137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wrangling whole mixtures risk assessment: Recent advances in determining sufficient similarity 包裹整个混合物的风险评估：确定充分相似性的最新进展。
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100417
Julia E. Rager , Cynthia V. Rider
{"title":"Wrangling whole mixtures risk assessment: Recent advances in determining sufficient similarity","authors":"Julia E. Rager ,&nbsp;Cynthia V. Rider","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human health risk assessments for complex mixtures can address real-world exposures and protect public health. While risk assessors typically prefer whole mixture approaches over component-based approaches, data from the precise exposure of interest are often unavailable and surrogate data from a sufficiently similar mixture(s) are required. This review describes recent advances in determining sufficient similarity of whole, complex mixtures spanning the comparison of chemical features, bioactivity profiles, and statistical evaluation to determine “thresholds of similarity.” Case studies, including water disinfection byproducts, botanical ingredients, and wildfire emissions, are used to highlight tools and methods. Limitations to application of sufficient similarity in risk-based decision making are reviewed and recommendations presented for developing best practice guidelines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10545370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41147113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The gut microbiome's potential to influence arsenic exposure 肠道微生物组影响砷暴露的潜力
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100431
Qian Wang, Nicholas V. Pinkham, Seth T. Walk
{"title":"The gut microbiome's potential to influence arsenic exposure","authors":"Qian Wang,&nbsp;Nicholas V. Pinkham,&nbsp;Seth T. Walk","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>More than 200 million people around the world are exposed to unsafe levels of the environmental toxicant, arsenic. Both acute and chronic exposures, primarily through contaminated drinking water, are significant public health concerns. Human genetics<span> does not fully explain observed arsenic-related diseases (arsenicosis), suggesting that other factors such as the microbiome play important roles in determining risk following exposure. Microorganisms have evolved diverse pathways for mitigating the toxic effects of arsenic, which may theoretically increase or decrease human </span></span>arsenicosis<span><span> by altering toxicity. Here, we review the current state-of-the-art regarding the genetic<span> potential of microorganisms to influence arsenic toxicity, drawing particular attention to microbial arsenic </span></span>biotransformation.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46694053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing the KEMI approach for determining the size of mixture assessment factors needed to protect aquatic receptors from chemical mixtures in surface waters 评估KEMI方法，以确定保护水生受体免受地表水中化学混合物影响所需的混合物大小评估因子
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100426
Paul S. Price , Marion Junghans
{"title":"Assessing the KEMI approach for determining the size of mixture assessment factors needed to protect aquatic receptors from chemical mixtures in surface waters","authors":"Paul S. Price ,&nbsp;Marion Junghans","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article discusses the Swedish Chemicals Agency's proposal for estimating the size of a Mixture Assessment Factor (the KEMI MAF) for aquatic mixtures of chemicals. The KEMI MAF is an improvement over earlier approaches but is dependent on factors that are uncertain, such as: the number of chemicals that reach an aquatic receptor, the allocation of chemicals into assessment groups, and the impacts of future regulations on chemical concentrations in water. This article demonstrates that these uncertainties have significant impacts on the size of MAFs required for aquatic receptors. As part of this assessment a simplified method of calculating the KEMI MAF was developed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47889975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
2D materials and the microbiome: More than a gut feeling 2D材料和微生物组：不仅仅是肠道感觉
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100427
Guotao Peng , Bengt Fadeel
{"title":"2D materials and the microbiome: More than a gut feeling","authors":"Guotao Peng ,&nbsp;Bengt Fadeel","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene-based materials, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal carbides and nitrides, and others, are increasingly developed for a wide range of applications owing to their exceptional and versatile properties. Understanding the biological interactions of 2D materials is critical for the safe and sustainable implementation of this emerging class of materials. Here, we discuss recent studies on the intricate interactions between 2D materials and the </span>microbiome that dwells in and on all vertebrates, and the consequent impact on the host. We also address the underlying mechanisms of the </span>antibacterial effects of 2D materials. Overall, investigations of 2D material interactions with the microbiome offer a new perspective on the biological impact of these materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46415677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The microbiomes of wildlife and chemical pollution: Status, knowledge gaps and challenges 野生动物和化学污染的微生物组——现状、知识差距和挑战
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100428
R.D. Handy , N.J. Clark , L.P. Hutt , R. Bescós
{"title":"The microbiomes of wildlife and chemical pollution: Status, knowledge gaps and challenges","authors":"R.D. Handy ,&nbsp;N.J. Clark ,&nbsp;L.P. Hutt ,&nbsp;R. Bescós","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of chemical pollution on the microbiomes of wildlife has been given little attention. A new concept is emerging where microbiomes are vital to host animal or plant health, and for ecosystems. Data are mainly on mammals, birds, and fish. Changing environmental conditions (e.g., salinity, pH, season) and exposure to chemicals alter the composition of gill, gut and skin microbiomes. Gut microbiomes are also modulated by diet, and exposure to chemicals including metals, nanomaterials, fungicides or microplastics. However, a change in the microbiome does not necessarily infer adverse effects on the host, with some evidence of co-adaptation. Environmental risk assessment for biocides and new nanomaterials should be revisited in context with microbiome-host interactions to better protect wildlife and ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47639479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synergistic effects of chemical mixtures: How frequent is rare? 化学混合物的协同效应:有多罕见?
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100424
Olwenn V. Martin
{"title":"Synergistic effects of chemical mixtures: How frequent is rare?","authors":"Olwenn V. Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemical pollution is characterised by sequential and simultaneous exposure to unintentional complex mixtures. The almost infinite number of real-life mixtures poses major challenges for investigations of all possible exposure scenarios through whole mixture or component-based approaches. As a pragmatic approach in data-poor situations, the application of a Mixture Assessment Factor to single substances assessments under REACH was announced in the European Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability. Current proposals for this factor are based on the assumption that mixtures behave additively, assuming that synergistic interactions are rare. This assumption is based on eight reviews published in the last 30 years. Synergistic deviations from additivity greater than two-fold were reported in roughly 5% of investigated mixtures. This was more, rather than less, frequent in the handful of suitable studies of low-dose mammalian mixture toxicity. This frequency is representative of mixtures toxicology studies in the literature and should not be interpreted as the frequency of synergisms in real-world exposures. Understanding the frequency and likelihood of synergisms would entail detailed understanding of the co-occurrence of groups of substances giving rise to such interactions in relevant environmental media. Assumptions that synergistic interactions in real-life mixtures are rare appear to be premature. While further research is required, potential synergisms should not be omitted from debates on the conservatism or otherwise of mixture allocation factor or other regulatory approaches to protect people and environment from mixture effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43010163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gut microbiota: Impact on 5-fluorouracil efficacy and toxicity 肠道菌群:对5-氟尿嘧啶疗效和毒性的影响
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100423
Emily Kwun Kwan Lo , Hoi Kit Matthew Leung , Fangfei Zhang , Hani El-Nezami
{"title":"Gut microbiota: Impact on 5-fluorouracil efficacy and toxicity","authors":"Emily Kwun Kwan Lo ,&nbsp;Hoi Kit Matthew Leung ,&nbsp;Fangfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Hani El-Nezami","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly diseases worldwide. Despite medical advances, the survival rate of patients with cancer remains poor, and v many standard chemotherapeutic choices are associated with toxic side effects that substantially impair their quality of life. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug. Administration of 5-Fu is known to cause diarrhoea and intestinal mucositis. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid produced during the fermentation of dietary fibre by the gut microbiota. Butyrate may mitigate 5-Fu's toxic effect of mucositis. In addition, butyrate enhanced the efficiency of 5-Fu. However, the pungent odour of butyrate renders it unpalatable to patients. The administration of butyrate-producing bacteria is a preferable alternative for patients seeking the positive effects of butyrate without an unpleasant taste. Furthermore, butyrate-producing bacteria could provide beneficial effects beyond butyrate production, including the restoration of microbial dysbiosis and anti-inflammatory effects. In this review, we provide an overview of the current research on butyrate-producing bacteria, concentrating on their possible effects and defence mechanism against 5-Fu toxicity, which indicates their potential applicability as an adjuvant treatment for patients with cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49716320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Establishment of a testing system for juvenoids that disturb the sex determination system of Daphnia, based on a molecular interaction of ligands and the JH receptor 基于配体和JH受体的分子相互作用，建立一种干扰瑞香性别决定系统的幼嫩素检测系统
IF 4.6
Current Opinion in Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100425
Hitoshi Miyakawa , Taisen Iguchi
{"title":"Establishment of a testing system for juvenoids that disturb the sex determination system of Daphnia, based on a molecular interaction of ligands and the JH receptor","authors":"Hitoshi Miyakawa ,&nbsp;Taisen Iguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cotox.2023.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Bioassays are the most common method of evaluating toxic effects of chemicals on living organisms. However, since simple bioassays cannot provide information on mechanisms of toxic effects, it is also important to establish test methods that yield clear molecular evidence derived from the adverse outcome pathway. It is possible that chemicals bearing juvenile hormone activity (juvenoids) used as insect growth regulators may seriously impact population viability by disturbing sex determination mechanisms in freshwater microcrustaceans, like </span><span><em>Daphnia</em></span><span>, a keystone species in lake ecosystems. This review describes the molecular mechanism by which juvenoid disrupts the sex determination of daphnids and also introduces a simple testing method we recently developed for substances with juvenile hormone activity using juvenile hormone receptors.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49046637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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