SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent13.02.259
O. Khoma
{"title":"The substantiation of a new French translation of Descartes’s “Meditationes... ”: Ukrainian parallels","authors":"O. Khoma","doi":"10.31649/sent13.02.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent13.02.259","url":null,"abstract":"A review of the new French edition of the translation of Descartes' \"Meditationes de prima philosophia\" by Michelle Beyssade (1990) and an analysis of the main differences between the Latin original (1641) and the authorized French translation (1647) of this work.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139129966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent07.03.147
James Harrington
{"title":"The commonwealth of Oceana and a system of politics","authors":"James Harrington","doi":"10.31649/sent07.03.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent07.03.147","url":null,"abstract":"The first Ukrainian translation of James Harrington's «The Commonwealth of Oceana and A System of Politics»","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent01.01.123
Christian Lazzeri
{"title":"Pascal and the natural law","authors":"Christian Lazzeri","doi":"10.31649/sent01.01.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent01.01.123","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the problem of Pascal's attitude to the concept of natural law in the context of a new way of understanding politics. This way emerged after the skeptical crisis of the late 16th century, along with attempts to scientifically justify natural law, which was intended to become the backbone of a new type of society. Pascal subjected this justification to radical criticism. Yet it is difficult to classify Pascal's position, because, on the one hand, it falls behind the mainstream of modern political philosophy, and on the other hand, it opens the way to a non-legal analysis of politics. It is this analysis that constitutes an alternative to the constructions of philosophers who were committed to the concept of the social contract.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent12.01.199
Olena Slobodianuk
{"title":"Naturalness and equality: the specifics of modern naturalism in the realm of political philosophy","authors":"Olena Slobodianuk","doi":"10.31649/sent12.01.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent12.01.199","url":null,"abstract":"The article proves that modern political philosophy is based on the concept of \"individual\" and on the abstract principle of \"equality of individuals\". But this abstract principle does not provide for \"content expansion\" in all possible directions without exception. Therefore, inattention to gender equality or cultural equality does not prevent, for example, Locke from recognizing the natural equality of all people. This circumstance can be considered an ideological source of the \"modern paradox\": the recognition of the natural equality of all people does not guarantee the automatic granting of political rights to women or providing them equal opportunities for professional and career growth with men.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent06.02.052
O. Bazaluk
{"title":"The origins of mankind (in the context of the new cosmological concept)","authors":"O. Bazaluk","doi":"10.31649/sent06.02.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent06.02.052","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the author examines five main, in his opinion, theories of human origins and finally proposes his own, which consists in the formation of the so-called \"associative capacity\", which is part of the overall development of the psyche, including the conscious and unconscious.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent05.01.169
Nicolas Malebranche
{"title":"De la recherche de la vérité. Éclaircissements","authors":"Nicolas Malebranche","doi":"10.31649/sent05.01.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent05.01.169","url":null,"abstract":"The first Ukrainian translation of Nicolas Malbranche's «Éclaircissements» to his Opus magnum treatise «De la recherche de la vérité».","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent01.01.203
Andrii Baumeister
{"title":"The thinking soul and the God’s omnipotence. Two motives in Descartes' justification of metaphysics","authors":"Andrii Baumeister","doi":"10.31649/sent01.01.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent01.01.203","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines Descartes' doctrine as one of the first attempts to synthesize the new idea of Galilean science with the tradition of ancient and medieval metaphysics. This required a combination of a number of tendencies, two of which are the consideration of thinking as the main attribute of an incorporeal substance and the consideration of God's omnipotence as the ever-present context of human cognition. On the basis of Plato's Dialogues, the article proves that the first tendency (based on the thesis that it is impossible to derive eternal truths from sense experience) indicates Platonic motives in Descartes' thinking. The second tendency (represented by the thesis of the possibility of direct intuitive contemplation) appears as a derivative of the theses of Duns Scotus and William of Ockham about the determining role of unlimited grace in substantiating the human ability to intuitively cognize contingent facts. The author argues that these tendencies, despite belonging to different traditions, are united in Descartes by an inseparable synthesis, which is the living experience of the thinking soul in the face of God’s omnipotence.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139134909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent13.02.188
Olexandr Yudin
{"title":"Carl Popper and His Book «The Open Society and Its Enemies»: from Socrates to Marx – the Philosophical Tradition of the Open Society","authors":"Olexandr Yudin","doi":"10.31649/sent13.02.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent13.02.188","url":null,"abstract":"The given in the article analysis of Popper’s historical and philosophical concept, reconstruction of the genesis of historicistic thinking shows that Popper opposes two traditions in the history of philosophy: 1) the tradition of historisistic philosophy, which includes Plato, Aristotle, Hegel and 2) the tradition critical rationalism which includes Democritus, Socrates, Antisthenes, Schopenhauer, and also Marx. The last one is also called in the article the philosophical tradition of the open society. According to Popper, the necessary component of critical rationalism is the personal moral responsibility of a philosopher for his philosophical statements. The author of the article argues that the concept of historicism is designed not to condemn Marx, but to separate in his doctrine his moral radicalism and social activism from historicistic aspiration to take the History as his ally and, hence, to present him as the defender, but not the enemy of the open society. On the author’s oppinion the concept of historicism is not yet obsolete. With the appropriate specifications it can be useful for the analysis of modern futurologists’ conceptions of postindustrial society.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent01.01.233
Oleksandr Yudin
{"title":"The poetics of performativity in Pascal's Pensées (performativity as an approach to the problem of artistry of Pascal's Pensées)","authors":"Oleksandr Yudin","doi":"10.31649/sent01.01.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent01.01.233","url":null,"abstract":"The author notes that Pascal, given the peculiarities of the publication and translation of his works, existed in the minds of readers rather as a literary phenomenon. Such an attitude dominated primarily in France, where Pascal's work was undoubtedly considered to be the sphere of interest of philologists and literary critics. But serious scholar interest in Pascal was practiced only in the field of philosophy. Philologists, on the other hand, gave Pascal a place mainly in historical surveys of French classicism and moralistic literature. This ambivalence is not least due to the ambivalence of Pascal's own attitude to philosophy. The author concludes that Thoughts is not just an unfinished work, but also a collection of fragments that were originally created as fragments. Thus, we may consider two strategies of reading Thoughts, neither of which is dominant, as well as about the genre ambiguity of this work.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SententiaePub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.31649/sent05.01.010
Sergii Secundant
{"title":"Joachim Jung's Philosophia protonoetica. To the problem of establishing methodological principles of Modern philosophy","authors":"Sergii Secundant","doi":"10.31649/sent05.01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/sent05.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the programme of reforming the sciences and the way of philosophising proposed by Joachim Jung. Jung's positive endeavour was preceded by his critical work, which evokes to purify knowledge from preconceived ideas (doxa) and unreasonable premises. This thesis is directed against the scholastic «Doctrina Praedicamentorum». Jung rejects the claim of metaphysics and traditional logic as the foundation of the sciences. An important point of criticism is the distinction between reflexive (reflexiva) and direct (directa) sciences. Jung's positive methodological programme is based on mathematics, since it allows us to reach the last, indivisible elements. On their basis, it is possible to build a system of scientific knowledge that is as reliable and accurate as arithmetic. But the principles of the latter need to be substantiated. Thus, Jung comes to a new type of philosophy, «protonoethica». The article describes the German philosopher's methodological concept as «conceptual atomism». According to the author, Joachim Jung's achievements include the introduction of the concept of universal science (scientia universalis) into the early modern lexicon and the formation of those methodological principles that are later revealed by Descartes and Leibniz.","PeriodicalId":37673,"journal":{"name":"Sententiae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139136035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}