Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology最新文献_第4页

Exploring the Use of a Full Factorial Design of Experiment to Study Design Briefs for Creative Ideation 探索利用全析因实验设计研究创意设计简报

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85794

Jacob Kang Kai Siang, Pei Zhi Chia, G. Koronis, Arlindo Silva

{"title":"Exploring the Use of a Full Factorial Design of Experiment to Study Design Briefs for Creative Ideation","authors":"Jacob Kang Kai Siang, Pei Zhi Chia, G. Koronis, Arlindo Silva","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-85794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-85794","url":null,"abstract":"Coming at the start of the design process, the information contained in design briefs influences the framing of the designer’s perspectives of the design problem and the creativity of the design outcomes. This study investigates four types of information in design briefs: quantitative requirements, a visual example (video), a physical example and contextual information. Creativity studies typically use a one-variable-at-a-time approach that cannot collect data on interaction effects, thus this study explores the use of a full factorial Design of Experiment to study both the main effects and the two-way interaction effects. Creativity is measured according to three metrics: novelty, appropriateness, and usability. The results suggest that providing no additional information in the design brief results in high novelty scores and low appropriateness and usability scores, the main effect of providing a video example results in high appropriateness and usability scores but low novelty scores, and physical-contextual briefs have reasonably high novelty and usability scores. Methodological limitations and suggestions for improvements are discussed extensively.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115162979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

A Theoretical Look at the Impact of Incentives on Design Problem Effort Provision 激励对设计问题努力提供影响的理论研究

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85845

S. Vermillion, R. Malak

{"title":"A Theoretical Look at the Impact of Incentives on Design Problem Effort Provision","authors":"S. Vermillion, R. Malak","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-85845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-85845","url":null,"abstract":"Searching for and selecting among design solutions is not an effortless task. The principle of least effort suggests people seek to minimize the amount of effort they apply towards completing their tasks. In the context of engineering design, it is conceivable that expending more effort on the design problem yields a design solution with greater performance. In this paper, we investigate the impact of incentives on motivating engineering designers to increase the amount of effort they apply to solving design problems. Specifically, we formulate an analytical model of effort provision towards design tasks to compare two incentive structures: a probabilistic incentive and a deterministic incentive. With the probabilistic incentive, a designer’s final reward or penalty is uncertain, e.g. it is uncertain if a proposed design solution will meet requirements. With the deterministic incentive, a designer’s final reward or penalty is tied directly to the quality of the design solution as it is presented, e.g. a proposed design solution meets requirements with a certain probability as the figure of merit and the designer is directly rewarded or penalized on producing a design solution with that figure of merit. We parameterize the proposed analytical model and perform a parameter study to determine which incentive produces a more optimal design solution in the parameter space. Results show that there is no one dominant incentive structure, and the preferred incentive structure depends on how intense the reward or penalty is and how a designer subjectively valuates his effort.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133073215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Modeling Trust in Self-Organizing Systems With Heterogeneity 异构自组织系统中的信任建模

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-86006

Hao Ji, Yan Jin

引用次数: 3

Pulling at the Digital Thread: Exploring the Tolerance Stack Up in Scan to Print Processes 拉动数字线:探索扫描到打印过程中的公差堆栈

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85844

Tobias Mahan, Brenna C. Doyle, N. Meisel, Jessica Menold

{"title":"Pulling at the Digital Thread: Exploring the Tolerance Stack Up in Scan to Print Processes","authors":"Tobias Mahan, Brenna C. Doyle, N. Meisel, Jessica Menold","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-85844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-85844","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of affordable rapid non-contact digitizers and rapid prototyping tools, such as 3D printers, is enabling the seamless integration of geometric reverse engineering into the early phases of engineering design. Scanning technology has been widely adopted in bio-reverse engineering and the use of high fidelity non-contact scanners, such as Computed Tomography devices, allows designers, doctors, and researchers to digitally model boney structures, design orthotic and prosthetic devices, and preemptively plan complex surgeries. While the combination of 3D scanning and printing processes holds much promise for the fields of reverse engineering, biodesign, and new product development, problems with repeatability, accuracy, and precision have limited the wider spread adoption of 3D scan to print processes. While some studies have explored the errors inherent in higher fidelity scan to print (S2P) processes, no studies have explored the errors in S2P processes that leverage affordable rapid non-contact digitizers. The purpose of this study was to explore at which phases of the S2P process errors are introduced into the digital model. A controlled study was conducted using data from 27 scans using a common off-the-shelf non-contact optical digitizer and a relatively simple workpiece. Data from the digital thread was collected between each phase of the S2P process and compared against a truth model; the geometric and dimensional integrity of the data was calculated through a comparison between the digital model and the original truth model. Results indicate significant differences between digital models at the various steps of the S2P process.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123999448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fixated on Fixation? An Exploration of the Benefits and Deficits of Design “Fixation” in Engineering Design 执着于执着?工程设计中设计“固定”的利弊探讨

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-86037

Elizabeth Starkey, W. Zeng, Scarlett R. Miller

{"title":"Fixated on Fixation? An Exploration of the Benefits and Deficits of Design “Fixation” in Engineering Design","authors":"Elizabeth Starkey, W. Zeng, Scarlett R. Miller","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-86037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-86037","url":null,"abstract":"Design fixation is often thought of only as a limiting factor when a designer is generating ideas, but design fixation is defined only as ‘sometimes counter-productive’ indicating that there may be room for good fixation. In addition, design fixation is defined as a ‘blind adherence’, meaning that the designer does not know that they are limiting their idea set. Prior work in fixation has focused on how introducing designers to bad examples can cause a negative adherence to a limited set of ideas, while work in design by analogy has focused on how introducing a designer to the right idea can positively impact the creative output of idea generation. In addition, product dissection has been investigated as a way to inspire creative design with positive results. While researchers have investigated good examples for their positive impact on the creativity of generated ideas, little work has investigated how these good examples are having a positive impact. Therefore, this study aims to understand how exposing designers to different types of products through a product dissection activity impacts how designers are reusing parts in their ideation. In addition, this study investigates if these reuses are unconscious through the use of eye tracking equipment. The results show that reuse of parts is positively related to an individual’s creativity during idea generation. In addition, they show that there is no relationship between eye fixations and design fixation, indicating that reuse might not be unconscious. Overall, the results shed a positive light on reuse and design fixation.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122546493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

An Empirical Study of a Decision-Making Process Supported by Simulation in the Automotive Industry 汽车工业仿真支持决策过程的实证研究

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-86406

T. Sissoko, M. Jankovic, C. Paredis, E. Landel

{"title":"An Empirical Study of a Decision-Making Process Supported by Simulation in the Automotive Industry","authors":"T. Sissoko, M. Jankovic, C. Paredis, E. Landel","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-86406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-86406","url":null,"abstract":"The design process can be considered as series of decisions supported by modeling and simulation (M&S). Current developments aim at supporting this decision making with regard to increasing resources committed in the M&S process. To understand possible decision support, we conducted an empirical study in a car manufacturing company to map out the decision-making process during the development phase. A qualitative data analysis was performed to understand the difficulties and the needs expressed by decision makers. Industrial preliminary observations have shown that decisions regarding design issues are often postponed, causing iterations, and time and cost overruns in the development process. The study revealed that decisions are escalated to upper hierarchical levels as complexity and uncertainty increase and as the tradeoffs become impactful. A lack of knowledge about the M&S performance and limits, a lack of clarity due to design ambiguity, and uncertainty are more likely to cause iterations and delay. In addition, decision makers and stakeholders are sometimes unadvised of the influence of the decision under consideration on subsequent decisions and on the profit. These findings are interesting as they shed light in terms of decision supported needed in the future.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129928931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The Function-Human Error Design Method (FHEDM) 功能-人为错误设计方法(FHEDM)

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/detc2018-85327

N. F. S. Zurita, R. Stone, Onan Demirel, I. Tumer

{"title":"The Function-Human Error Design Method (FHEDM)","authors":"N. F. S. Zurita, R. Stone, Onan Demirel, I. Tumer","doi":"10.1115/detc2018-85327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85327","url":null,"abstract":"During the design of products and systems, engineers must quickly and accurately satisfy customer needs while adequately developing the required system functions with the minimum number of failures. Identifying potential failure modes during early design stages is essential to create reliable designs. Different engineering methodologies such as Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), allows engineers to identify how a set of components could fail. These methods are popular and commonly used in industry. However, such methodologies fail to recognize potential failure modes caused by human-product interaction. During the design of products, there is often a lack of sufficient attention to the human-product interaction. Even though human factors are considered during the design process, most of the design approaches fail to incorporate the human interaction correctly. In this research, we explore the implementation of a novel design methodology named Function-Human Error Design Method (FHEDM), which identifies possible generic human errors while completing a functional decomposition of the product. This method will provide engineers with useful information about potential failure modes caused by human-function interaction during early conceptual design.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130782777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Designing Improved Teams for Crowdsourced Competitions 为众包竞赛设计改进的团队

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85457

Christopher McComb, Torsten Maier

引用次数: 3

Should Teams Collaborate During Conceptual Engineering Design? An Experimental Study 在概念工程设计中团队应该合作吗?实验研究

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85602

J. Gyory, J. Cagan, K. Kotovsky

{"title":"Should Teams Collaborate During Conceptual Engineering Design? An Experimental Study","authors":"J. Gyory, J. Cagan, K. Kotovsky","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-85602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-85602","url":null,"abstract":"A commonly held presumption is that the production of a team is superior to that of individual performance. However, in certain scenarios, such as during brainstorming activities and in configuration engineering design problems, it has been shown that individuals working alone are more effective than teams working together. This research considers whether the same outcomes hold for a more open-ended scenario, in conceptual engineering design. Thus, a behavioral study is run with freshman engineering students solving a conceptual design problem working in teams or individually. Results corroborate previous findings, showing that individuals outperform teams in the quality of their design solutions. One of the primary differences between individuals and group problem solving is the fact that groups need to verbalize to communicate ideas. Consequently, this study also analyzes how verbalization, which may be one disadvantage of team problem solving, affects the performance of individuals in this context of conceptual engineering design. Individuals who verbalize throughout problem solving, however, perform similarly to those who did not. Overall, the results from this study suggest that, individuals are still better performers and teams may not always be the optimal circumstance. Moreover, verbalization does not seem to act as a cognitive barrier to problem solving, and further investigation needs to be done to diagnose the potential impediments which put teams at a disadvantage to individuals during conceptual design.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116594874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Adapting the FBS Model of Designing for Usage-Driven Innovation Processes 将FBS设计模型应用于使用驱动的创新过程

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-86166

B. Yannou, François Cluzel, G. Lamé

引用次数: 2