Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology最新文献

Generating Technology Evolution Prediction Intervals With Bootstrap Method 用自举法生成技术演化预测区间

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85259

Guanglu Zhang, D. Allaire, D. McAdams, Venkatesh Shankar

{"title":"Generating Technology Evolution Prediction Intervals With Bootstrap Method","authors":"Guanglu Zhang, D. Allaire, D. McAdams, Venkatesh Shankar","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-85259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-85259","url":null,"abstract":"Technology evolution prediction, or technological forecasting, is critical for designers to make important decisions during product development planning such as R&D investment and outsourcing. In practice, designers want to supplement point forecast by prediction intervals to assess future uncertainty and make contingency plans. Available technology evolution data is a time series but is generally with non-uniform spacing. Existing methods associated with typical time series models assume uniformly spaced data, so these methods cannot be used to construct prediction intervals for technology evolution prediction. In this paper, we develop a generic method that use bootstrapping to generate prediction intervals for technology evolution. The method we develop can be applied to any technology evolution prediction model. We consider parameter uncertainty and data uncertainty and establish their empirical probability distributions. We determine an appropriate confidence level α to generate prediction intervals through a holdout sample analysis rather than set α = 0.05 as is typically done in the literature. We validate our method to generate the prediction intervals through a case study of central processing unit transistor count evolution. The case study shows that the prediction intervals generated by our method cover every actual data point in a holdout sample test. To apply our method in practice, we outline four steps for designers to generate prediction intervals for technology evolution prediction.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115663617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Students’ Exploration Strategies in a Sustainability-Focused Structural Optimization Task 面向可持续性的结构优化任务中学生的探索策略

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85762

Devarajan Ramanujan, Senthil K. Chandrasegaran, Ninger Zhou, K. Ramani

引用次数: 0

Design and Numerical Investigation of Rudder With Leading-Edge Protuberances 前缘凸起舵的设计与数值研究

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85033

Wencai Zhu, H. Gao

引用次数: 0

Effects of Immersion on Virtual Reality Prototype Design Reviews of Mechanical Assemblies 沉浸对机械组件虚拟现实原型设计评审的影响

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85542

Luis de Casenave, José E. Lugo

引用次数: 9

Establishing a Protocol to Observe Leadership Behaviors Within Engineering Design Teams 在工程设计团队中建立一个观察领导行为的协议

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85869

Doug Chickarello, James Righter, Apurva Patel, J. Summers

引用次数: 2

Improving Organization Design by Clustering Project Actors 通过聚类项目参与者改进组织设计

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85340

Anthony Khoriaty, Hadi Jaber, A. Yassine

引用次数: 1

Integrative Design, Build, Test Approach for Biomedical Devices With Lattice Structures 基于点阵结构的生物医学设备的综合设计、制造、测试方法

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85355

P. Egan, Isabella Bauer, K. Shea, S. Ferguson

{"title":"Integrative Design, Build, Test Approach for Biomedical Devices With Lattice Structures","authors":"P. Egan, Isabella Bauer, K. Shea, S. Ferguson","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-85355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-85355","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in 3D printing are enabling new rapid prototyping strategies for complex structures, such as mechanically efficient tissue scaffolds. Here, we have developed an integrated methodology with Design, Build, and Test phases to characterize beam-based lattices for bone tissue engineering. Lattices were designed with 50% and 70% porosity with beam diameters of 0.4mm to 1.0mm fabricated with polyjet printing. Build accuracy was validated with microscopy that demonstrated overall lattice dimensions were at most 0.2mm different from design and beam diameters were at most 0.15mm different. Quasi-static compression testing showed lattice elastic moduli ranged from 28MPa to 180MPa and decreased with higher lattice porosity but increased with larger beam diameter sizes. Scaffold cages for vertebral bone fusion were prototyped using 50% and 70% porous lattices with 0.8mm diameter beams with added central voids for improved nutrient transport, reinforced shells for increased mechanics, or both. Cage stiffnesses ranged from 1.7kN/mm to 7.2kN/mm and suggests the strongest cage prototypes are suitable for carrying typical spinal loads of up to 1.65kN. The study demonstrates the value in using integrated rapid prototyping approaches for characterizing complex structures and designing novel biomedical devices.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132499432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Human Validation of Computer vs Human Generated Design Sketches 计算机与人类生成的设计草图的人类验证

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-85698

C. López, Scarlett R. Miller, Conrad S. Tucker

{"title":"Human Validation of Computer vs Human Generated Design Sketches","authors":"C. López, Scarlett R. Miller, Conrad S. Tucker","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-85698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-85698","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to explore the perceived visual and functional characteristics of computer generated sketches, compared to human created sketches. In addition, this work explores the possible biases that humans may have towards the perceived functionality of computer generated sketches. Recent advancements in deep generative design methods have allowed designers to implement computational tools to automatically generate large pools of new design ideas. However, if computational tools are to co-create ideas and solutions alongside designers, their ability to generate not only novel but also functional ideas, needs to be explored. Moreover, since decision-makers need to select those creative ideas for further development to ensure innovation, their possible biases towards computer generated ideas need to be explored. In this study, 619 human participants were recruited to analyze the perceived visual and functional characteristics of 50 human created 2D sketches, and 50 2D sketches generated by a deep learning generative model (i.e., computer generated). The results indicate that participants perceived the computer generated sketches as more functional than the human generated sketches. This perceived functionality was not biased by the presence of labels that explicitly presented the sketches as either human or computer generated. Moreover, the results reveal that participants were not able to classify the 2D sketches as human or computer generated with accuracies greater than random chance. The results provide evidence that supports the capabilities of deep learning generative design tools and their potential to assist designers in creative tasks such as ideation.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132149363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Implicit and Explicit Trust Behavior: Does Stereotype Congruence Affect User Trust in a Home Automation Device? 内隐和外显信任行为:刻板印象一致性是否影响家庭自动化设备的用户信任?

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-86091

Nicole B. Damen, Christine Toh

{"title":"Implicit and Explicit Trust Behavior: Does Stereotype Congruence Affect User Trust in a Home Automation Device?","authors":"Nicole B. Damen, Christine Toh","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-86091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-86091","url":null,"abstract":"Although trust is widely accepted as important for technology adoption and usage, it has received little attention in home automation, where users interact closely with these devices to enhance their quality of life. Research is needed to investigate how design considerations such as agent gender and automation location impact trust. This study expands on a pilot study by examining how stereotype congruence impacts implicit and explicit measures of trust in home automation devices. A smart lock simulation was utilized to examine how users interacted with systems that confirm and violate social expectations. The results show that users displayed more trusting behavior towards systems that were stereotype congruent than incongruent. That is, users extended their expectations of stereotypical social behaviors to their interaction with the home automation simulation. In addition explicit trust measures, or directly observable behaviors, differed from implicit trust measures, such as reaction time with the system. These findings provide a foundation for empirically testing and understanding the complex relationship between users and increasingly social automated devices.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115146995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Ends or the Means? Understanding How Students Use Causal and Effectual Information During Design Activities 目的还是手段?理解学生在设计活动中如何使用因果信息和有效信息

Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.1115/DETC2018-86065

Ammar Abid, Wenyu Shi, Christine Toh

{"title":"The Ends or the Means? Understanding How Students Use Causal and Effectual Information During Design Activities","authors":"Ammar Abid, Wenyu Shi, Christine Toh","doi":"10.1115/DETC2018-86065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2018-86065","url":null,"abstract":"Although prior research has shown that information utilized during conceptual design plays a vital role in product success, there is no comprehensive framework for characterizing the types of knowledge used by designers, or the impact of information types on the development of successful ideas. As part of an ongoing effort to develop a Typological Framework of Design Information, this study focuses on understanding the impact of design reasoning using one dimension of information, effectual or causal information. Effectual reasoning refers to setting goals that are driven by the availability of resources that are available to the designer, which is in contrast with causal reasoning, which relies taking actions to achieve a predetermined goal by any means necessary. Since research on effectual and causal information in engineering design is relatively sparse, a controlled pilot study was conducted where students interacted with a web interface and addressed a design problem. Detailed observations of participants’ interactions with the design information and the creativity of design outcomes was investigated. These findings provide insights into the role that effectual information plays in design reasoning and contribute to an emerging Typological Framework of Design Information.","PeriodicalId":375011,"journal":{"name":"Volume 7: 30th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127660936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2