Infection Ecology and Epidemiology最新文献_第8页

Prevalence of Leptospira spp. and Seoul hantavirus in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in four regions in the Netherlands, 2011-2015. 2011-2015年荷兰四个地区褐鼠（褐家鼠）钩端螺旋体属和首尔汉坦病毒的流行情况。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-06-26 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1490135

Miriam Maas, Ankje De Vries, Chantal Reusken, Jan Buijs, Marga Goris, Rudy Hartskeerl, Ahmed Ahmed, Peter Van Tulden, Arno Swart, Roan Pijnacker, Miriam Koene, Åke Lundkvist, Paul Heyman, Barry Rockx, Joke Van Der Giessen

{"title":"Prevalence of Leptospira spp. and Seoul hantavirus in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in four regions in the Netherlands, 2011-2015.","authors":"Miriam Maas, Ankje De Vries, Chantal Reusken, Jan Buijs, Marga Goris, Rudy Hartskeerl, Ahmed Ahmed, Peter Van Tulden, Arno Swart, Roan Pijnacker, Miriam Koene, Åke Lundkvist, Paul Heyman, Barry Rockx, Joke Van Der Giessen","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1490135","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1490135","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) may carry pathogens that can be a risk for public health. Brown rats in the Netherlands were tested for the zoonotic pathogens Leptospira spp. and Seoul hantavirus (SEOV), in order to obtain insight in their prevalence.Methods and results: Cross-sectional studies were performed at four locations from 2011 to 2015. The rats were tested for Leptospira spp. using real-time PCR and/or culture resulting in a prevalence ranging between 33-57%. Testing for SEOV was done through an adapted human Seoul hantavirus ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. Although at several locations the ELISA indicated presence of SEOV antibodies, none could be confirmed by focus reduction neutralization testing.Conclusion: The results indicate a widespread presence of Leptospira spp. in brown rats in the Netherlands, including areas with a low leptospirosis incidence in humans. No evidence for circulation of SEOV was found in this study.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1490135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1490135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36275872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Viral metagenomics reveals the presence of highly divergent quaranjavirus in Rhipicephalus ticks from Mozambique. 病毒宏基因组学显示在莫桑比克鼻头蜱中存在高度分化的夸兰病毒。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-05-28 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1478585

Harindranath Cholleti, Juliette Hayer, Fernando Chanisso Mulandane, Kerstin Falk, Jose Fafetine, Mikael Berg, Anne-Lie Blomström

{"title":"Viral metagenomics reveals the presence of highly divergent quaranjavirus in Rhipicephalus ticks from Mozambique.","authors":"Harindranath Cholleti, Juliette Hayer, Fernando Chanisso Mulandane, Kerstin Falk, Jose Fafetine, Mikael Berg, Anne-Lie Blomström","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1478585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1478585","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ticks are primary vectors for many well-known disease-causing agents that affect human and animal populations globally such as tick-borne encephalitis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and African swine fever. In this study, viral metagenomics was used to identify what viruses are present in Rhipicephalus spp. ticks collected in the Zambezi Valley of Mozambique. Methods: The RNA was amplified with sequence-independent single primer amplification (SISPA) and high-throughput sequencing was performed on the Ion Torrent platform. The generated sequences were subjected to quality check and classfied by BLAST. CodonCode aligner and SeqMan were used to assemble the sequences. Results: The majority of viral sequences showed closest sequence identity to the Orthomyxoviridae family, although viruses similar to the Parvoviridae and Coronaviridae were also identified. Nearly complete sequences of five orthomyxoviral segments (HA, NP, PB1, PB2, and PA) were obtained and these showed an amino acid identity of 32-52% to known quaranjaviruses. The sequences were most closely related to the Wellfleet Bay virus, detected and isolated from common eider during a mortality event in the USA. Conclusions: In summary, this study has identified a highly divergent virus with in the Orthomyxoviridae family associated with Rhipicephalus ticks from Mozambique. Further genetic and biological studies are needed in order to investigate potential pathogenesis of the identified orthomyxovirus.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1478585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1478585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36192439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Detection of Influenza A viruses at migratory bird stopover sites in Michigan, USA. 在美国密西根州候鸟停留地点检测甲型流感病毒。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-05-18 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1474709

Todd M Lickfett, Erica Clark, Thomas M Gehring, Elizabeth W Alm

{"title":"Detection of Influenza A viruses at migratory bird stopover sites in Michigan, USA.","authors":"Todd M Lickfett, Erica Clark, Thomas M Gehring, Elizabeth W Alm","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1474709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1474709","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Influenza A viruses have the potential to cause devastating illness in humans and domestic poultry. Wild birds are the natural reservoirs of Influenza A viruses and migratory birds are implicated in their global dissemination. High concentrations of this virus are excreted in the faeces of infected birds and faecal contamination of shared aquatic habitats can lead to indirect transmission among birds via the faecal-oral route. The role of migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza has led to large-scale surveillance efforts of circulating avian influenza viruses through direct sampling of live and dead wild birds. Environmental monitoring of bird habitats using molecular detection methods may provide additional information on the persistence of influenza virus at migratory stopover sites distributed across large spatial scales. Materials and methods: In the current study, faecal and water samples were collected at migratory stopover sites and evaluated for Influenza A by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Results and Discussion: This study found that Influenza A was detected at 53% of the evaluated stopover sites, and 7% and 4.8% of the faecal and water samples, respectively, tested positive for Influenza A virus. Conclusion: Environmental monitoring detected Influenza A at stopover sites used by migratory birds.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1474709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1474709","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36135405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

A longitudinal ecological study of seasonal influenza deaths in relation to climate conditions in the United States from 1999 through 2011. 1999年至2011年美国季节性流感死亡与气候条件的纵向生态学研究

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-05-16 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1474708

David A Geier, Janet K Kern, Mark R Geier

{"title":"A longitudinal ecological study of seasonal influenza deaths in relation to climate conditions in the United States from 1999 through 2011.","authors":"David A Geier, Janet K Kern, Mark R Geier","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1474708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1474708","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Influenza is an acute respiratory disease with significant annual global morbidity/mortality. Influenza transmission occurs in distinct seasonal patterns suggesting an importance of climate conditions on disease pathogenesis. This hypothesis-testing study evaluated microenvironment conditions within different demographic/geographical groups on seasonal influenza deaths in the United States. Materials and methods:The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wonder online computer interface was utilized to integrate and analyze potential correlations in data generated from 1999 through 2011 for climate conditions of mean daily sunlight (KJ/m2), mean daily maximum air temperature (oC), mean daily minimum air temperature (oC), and mean daily precipitation (mm) from the North America Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) database and on influenza mortality (ICD-10 codes:J09, J10, or J11) from the Underlying Cause of Death database. Results and discussion:Significant inverse correlations between the climate conditions of temperature, sunlight, and precipitation and seasonal influenza death rate were observed. Similar effects were observed among males and females, but when the data were separated by race and urbanization status significant differences were observed. Conclusion: This study highlights key factors that can help shape public health policy to deal with seasonal influenza in the United States and beyond.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1474708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1474708","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36135404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Seroprevalence of hantaviruses and Leptospira in muskrat and coypu trappers in the Netherlands, 2016. 2016年荷兰麝鼠和河狸鼠捕鼠者汉坦病毒和钩端螺旋体血清阳性率

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-05-16 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1474707

Ingrid H M Friesema, Jacinta Bakker, Miriam Maas, Marga G A Goris, Joke W B van der Giessen, Barry H G Rockx

{"title":"Seroprevalence of hantaviruses and Leptospira in muskrat and coypu trappers in the Netherlands, 2016.","authors":"Ingrid H M Friesema, Jacinta Bakker, Miriam Maas, Marga G A Goris, Joke W B van der Giessen, Barry H G Rockx","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1474707","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1474707","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) and Leptospira spp. are zoonotic pathogens with rats as main reservoir. Recently, the presence of SEOV in brown rats was reported in one region in the Netherlands. Brown rats are a frequent bycatch in traps placed to catch muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus) and coypus (Myocastor coypus), and thus are a potential health risk for trappers. It was our aim to determine the seroprevalence of orthohantavirus, specifically SEOV, and Leptospira spp in Dutch trappers. Methods and results: Participating trappers provided serum samples and completed an online questionnaire. The serum was tested for the presence of antibodies against six orthohantaviruses and eight Leptospira serovars. Two hundred-sixty trappers completed the online questionnaire (65%), and 246 (61%) and 162 (40%) serum samples were tested for relevant orthohantaviruses and Leptospira spp., respectively. The seroprevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus in Dutch trappers was 0.4% (95% CI: 0.1-2.3%). None of the participants tested positive for SEOV. The seroprevalence of leptospirosis was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.3-4.4%), although Leptospira spp. are present in brown rats in the Netherlands.Significance of study: The results indicate that the infections with orthohantaviruses and leptospires is low for muskrat and coypu trappers.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1474707"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1474707","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36135403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A cross-sectional study of small mammals for tick-borne pathogen infection in northern Mongolia. 蒙古国北部小哺乳动物蜱传病原体感染的横断面研究。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-03-16 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1450591

Laura A Pulscher, Thomas C Moore, Luke Caddell, Lkhagvatseren Sukhbaatar, Michael E von Fricken, Benjamin D Anderson, Battsetseg Gonchigoo, Gregory C Gray

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of small mammals for tick-borne pathogen infection in northern Mongolia.","authors":"Laura A Pulscher, Thomas C Moore, Luke Caddell, Lkhagvatseren Sukhbaatar, Michael E von Fricken, Benjamin D Anderson, Battsetseg Gonchigoo, Gregory C Gray","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1450591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1450591","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) are frequently studied in developed nations but are often neglected in emerging countries. In Mongolia, TBP research is especially sparse, with few research reports focusing upon human and domestic animal disease and tick ecology. However, little information exists on TBPs in small mammals. Methods: In this 2016 cross-sectional pilot study, we sought to uniquely study wildlife for TBPs. We live-trapped small mammals, and tested their whole blood, serum and ear biopsy samples for molecular or serological evidence of Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasma spp./Ehrlichia spp. Results: Of 64 small mammals collected, 56.0%, 39.0% and 0.0% of animals were positive by molecular assays for Borrelia spp., Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasma spp./Erhlicia spp., respectively. 41.9% were seropositive for A. phagocytophilum and 24.2% of animals were seropositive for Rickettsia rickettsii. Conclusion: This pilot data demonstrates evidence of a number of TBPs among small mammal populations in northern Mongolia and suggests the need to further investigate what role these mammals play in human and domestic animal disease.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1450591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1450591","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36044435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Temporal variations in patterns of Escherichia coli strain diversity and antimicrobial resistance in the migrant Egyptian vulture. 迁徙的埃及秃鹫体内大肠杆菌菌株多样性和抗菌药耐药性模式的时间变化。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-03-14 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1450590

Pradeep Sharma, Sunil Maherchandani, B N Shringi, Sudhir Kumar Kashyap, K S Gopi Sundar

{"title":"Temporal variations in patterns of Escherichia coli strain diversity and antimicrobial resistance in the migrant Egyptian vulture.","authors":"Pradeep Sharma, Sunil Maherchandani, B N Shringi, Sudhir Kumar Kashyap, K S Gopi Sundar","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1450590","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1450590","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Multiple antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli of wild vertebrates is a global concern with scarce assessments on the subject from developing countries that have high human-wild species interactions. We studied the ecology of E. coli in a wintering population of Egyptian Vultures in India to understand temporal changes in both E. coli strains and patterns of antimicrobial resistance. Methods and Results: We ribotyped E. coli strains and assessed antimicrobial resistance from wintering vultures at a highly synanthropic carcass dump in north-west India. Both E. coli occurence (90.32%) and resistance to multiple antimicrobials (71.43%) were very high. Clear temporal patterns were apparent. Diversity of strains changed and homogenized at the end of the Vultures' wintering period, while the resistance pattern showed significantly difference inter-annually, as well as between arrival and departing individuals within a wintering cycle. Significance of study: The carcass dump environment altered both E. coli strains and multiple antimicrobial resistance in migratory Egyptian Vultures within a season. Long-distance migratory species could therefore disseminate resistant E. coli strains across broad geographical scales rendering regional mitigation strategies to control multiple antimicrobial resistance in bacteria ineffective.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1450590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/f3/ziee-8-1450590.PMC5941391.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36094659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neutralizing antibodies against flaviviruses, Babanki virus, and Rift Valley fever virus in Ugandan bats. 中和乌干达蝙蝠抗黄病毒、巴班基病毒和裂谷热病毒的抗体。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-02-21 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1439215

Rebekah C Kading, Robert M Kityo, Eric C Mossel, Erin M Borland, Teddie Nakayiki, Betty Nalikka, Luke Nyakarahuka, Jeremy P Ledermann, Nicholas A Panella, Amy T Gilbert, Mary B Crabtree, Julian Kerbis Peterhans, Jonathan S Towner, Brian R Amman, Tara K Sealy, Stuart T Nichol, Ann M Powers, Julius J Lutwama, Barry R Miller

{"title":"Neutralizing antibodies against flaviviruses, Babanki virus, and Rift Valley fever virus in Ugandan bats.","authors":"Rebekah C Kading, Robert M Kityo, Eric C Mossel, Erin M Borland, Teddie Nakayiki, Betty Nalikka, Luke Nyakarahuka, Jeremy P Ledermann, Nicholas A Panella, Amy T Gilbert, Mary B Crabtree, Julian Kerbis Peterhans, Jonathan S Towner, Brian R Amman, Tara K Sealy, Stuart T Nichol, Ann M Powers, Julius J Lutwama, Barry R Miller","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1439215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1439215","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A number of arboviruses have previously been isolated from naturally-infected East African bats, however the role of bats in arbovirus maintenance is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the exposure history of Ugandan bats to a panel of arboviruses. Materials and methods: Insectivorous and fruit bats were captured from multiple locations throughout Uganda during 2009 and 2011-2013. All serum samples were tested for neutralizing antibodies against West Nile virus (WNV), yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue 2 virus (DENV-2), Zika virus (ZIKV), Babanki virus (BBKV), and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Sera from up to 626 bats were screened for antibodies against each virus. Results and Discussion: Key findings include the presence of neutralizing antibodies against RVFV in 5/52 (9.6%) of little epauletted fruit bats (Epomophorus labiatus) captured from Kawuku and 3/54 (5.6%) Egyptian rousette bats from Kasokero cave. Antibodies reactive to flaviviruses were widespread across bat taxa and sampling locations. Conclusion: The data presented demonstrate the widespread exposure of bats in Uganda to arboviruses, and highlight particular virus-bat associations that warrant further investigation.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1439215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1439215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35888700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Vector-borne viruses and their detection by viral metagenomics 媒介病毒及其宏基因组学检测

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1553465

H. Cholleti, M. Berg, Juliette Hayer, A. Blomström

{"title":"Vector-borne viruses and their detection by viral metagenomics","authors":"H. Cholleti, M. Berg, Juliette Hayer, A. Blomström","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1553465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1553465","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Arthropods, such as mosquitoes and ticks, are important vectors for different viruses (so called vector-borne viruses), some of which cause a significant number of human and animal deaths every year as well as affect public health worldwide. Dengue virus, yellow fever virus, chikungunya virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus and Zika virus are just a few examples of important vector-borne viruses. The majority of all vector-borne viruses have an RNA genome, which routinely undergo genetic modifications. The changes in the genome, apart from the environmental issues, can also influence the spread of viruses to new habitats and hosts and lead to the emergence of novel viruses, which may become a threat to public health. Therefore, it is important to investigate the viruses circulating in arthropod vectors to understand their diversity, host range and evolutionary history as well as to predict new emerging pathogens. The choice of detection method is important, as most of the methods can only detect viruses that have been previously well described. Viral metagenomics is a useful tool to simultaneously identify all the viruses present in a sample, including novel viruses. This review describes vector-borne viruses, their maintenance and emergence in nature, and detection using viral metagenomics.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1553465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49363007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Assessment of aflatoxin B1 in maize and awareness of aflatoxins in Son La, Vietnam 越南松罗地区玉米黄曲霉毒素B1含量评估及对黄曲霉毒素的认识

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1553464

X. Nguyen, Thuy T. Nguyen, H. Nguyen-Viet, Khanh Ngoc Tran, J. Lindahl, D. Grace Randolph, Thanh Minh Ha, Hu Suk Lee

{"title":"Assessment of aflatoxin B1 in maize and awareness of aflatoxins in Son La, Vietnam","authors":"X. Nguyen, Thuy T. Nguyen, H. Nguyen-Viet, Khanh Ngoc Tran, J. Lindahl, D. Grace Randolph, Thanh Minh Ha, Hu Suk Lee","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1553464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1553464","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a fungal by-product which causes acute and chronic toxicity in humans and many other animals. This research was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of AFB1 contamination in maize and residents’ awareness of aflatoxins in Son La province, Vietnam. Maize samples were randomly collected from Son La province using multi-stage sampling. We used cut-off levels of 5 and 20 μg/kg and calculated the mean, median and range for each district. In addition, a questionnaire collected information from households about their knowledge, attitude and practice related to moldy maize. Out of 378 maize samples from Son La, 204 (54.0%) and 141 (37.3%) were contaminated with AFB1 at more than 5 µg/kg and 20 µg/kg, respectively. Mai Son district had the highest proportion of samples (54.0%) using a cut-off level > 20 µg/kg, and Yen Chau district the lowest (4%). People from the Thai ethnic group were 30.9 times more likely to consume meat from animals fed moldy maize than people from the Kinh ethnic group (p = 0.003). Maize in Son La is contaminated with AFB1 at levels which imply better control of aflatoxins in maize for human consumptions and animal feed is needed.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1553464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42728740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7