Infection Ecology and Epidemiology最新文献_第7页

Seroprevalence of pestivirus in Eurasian tundra reindeer in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Iceland and Russian Federation 芬兰、瑞典、挪威、冰岛和俄罗斯联邦欧亚苔原驯鹿的鼠疫病毒血清流行率

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2019.1682223

A. Omazic, Caroline Aurosell, V. Fedorov, Å. Hagström, J. Kantanen, M. Leijon, T. Mørk, Christine S. Nordtun, I. H. Nymo, Skarphéðinn G. Þórisson, T. Reilas, U. Rockström, Javier Sánchez Romano, Rán Thorarinsdottir, M. Tryland, Jonas Johansson Wensman, A. Albihn

{"title":"Seroprevalence of pestivirus in Eurasian tundra reindeer in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Iceland and Russian Federation","authors":"A. Omazic, Caroline Aurosell, V. Fedorov, Å. Hagström, J. Kantanen, M. Leijon, T. Mørk, Christine S. Nordtun, I. H. Nymo, Skarphéðinn G. Þórisson, T. Reilas, U. Rockström, Javier Sánchez Romano, Rán Thorarinsdottir, M. Tryland, Jonas Johansson Wensman, A. Albihn","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2019.1682223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2019.1682223","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Reindeer herding is of great importance for the indigenous people of the Fennoscandia peninsula and northern Russia. There are also free-ranging feral populations of reindeer in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Russian Federation. The genus Pestivirus contains several viral species that infect ungulates and often show capacity to transmit between different host species. Sera from 520 Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) from Finland, Sweden, Norway, Iceland and Russian Federation were analysed and the prevalence of pestivirus-specific antibodies was determined. Seropositivity proportion was 48.5% for Sweden and 41.2% for Norway, but only 1.6% for Iceland and 2.5% for Finland. All Russian reindeer investigated were seronegative. Pan-pestivirus RT-PCR of seronegative animals (n = 156) from seropositive herds confirmed their negative status. These results indicate unexpectedly non-uniform circulation of an as yet uncharacterised pestivirus in Eurasian reindeer populations. The high seroprevalence in some regions warrants further studies of pestivirus infection dynamics, effects on reindeer health and population dynamics.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2019.1682223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45460384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Bornaviruses in naturally infected Psittacus erithacus in Portugal: insights of molecular epidemiology and ecology 葡萄牙自然感染鹦鹉体内的博尔纳病毒:分子流行病学和生态学的见解

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2019.1685632

Marlene Cavaleiro Pinto, H. Craveiro, Jonas Johansson Wensman, J. Carvalheira, M. Berg, G. Thompson

{"title":"Bornaviruses in naturally infected Psittacus erithacus in Portugal: insights of molecular epidemiology and ecology","authors":"Marlene Cavaleiro Pinto, H. Craveiro, Jonas Johansson Wensman, J. Carvalheira, M. Berg, G. Thompson","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2019.1685632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2019.1685632","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: The genus Orthobornavirus comprises non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA viruses able to infect humans, mammals, reptiles and various birds. Parrot bornavirus 1 to 8 (PaBV-1 to 8) causes neurological and/or gastrointestinal syndromes and death on psittacines. We aimed to identify and to produce epidemiologic knowledge about the etiologic agent associated with a death of two female Psittacus erithacus (grey parrot). Methods and Results: Both parrots were submitted for a complete standardised necropsy. Tissue samples were analysed by PCR. The findings in necropsy were compatible with bornavirus infection. Analysis revealed PaBV-4 related with genotypes detected in captive and in wild birds. The N and X proteins of PaBV-4 were more related to avian bornaviruses, while phosphoprotein was more related to variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 (VSBV-1). Within the P gene/phosphoprotein a highly conserved region between and within bornavirus species was found. Conclusions: Portugal is on the routes of the intensive world trade of psittacines. Broad screening studies are required to help understanding the role of wild birds in the emergence and spread of pathogenic bornaviruses. PaBV-4 phosphoprotein is closer to VSBV-1 associated with lethal encephalitis in humans than with some of the avian bornaviruses. The highly conserved P gene/phosphoprotein region is a good target for molecular diagnostics screenings.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2019.1685632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48945504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence of chikungunya virus infection among febrile patients seeking healthcare in selected districts of Tanzania. 坦桑尼亚部分地区发热病人就医时感染基孔肯雅病毒的证据。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-12-17 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1553460

Edson Kinimi, Mariana J Shayo, Bisimwa N Patrick, Samuel O Angwenyi, Christopher J Kasanga, Jacqueline Weyer, Petrus Jansen van Vuren, Janusz T Paweska, Leonard E G Mboera, Gerald Misinzo

{"title":"Evidence of chikungunya virus infection among febrile patients seeking healthcare in selected districts of Tanzania.","authors":"Edson Kinimi, Mariana J Shayo, Bisimwa N Patrick, Samuel O Angwenyi, Christopher J Kasanga, Jacqueline Weyer, Petrus Jansen van Vuren, Janusz T Paweska, Leonard E G Mboera, Gerald Misinzo","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1553460","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1553460","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is an emerging mosquito-borne disease that has been associated with frequent epidemics in the world. However, there is a dearth of information on its magnitude and associated risk factors in Tanzania. Objective: A study was conducted to determine seroprevalence of CHIKV among febrile patients seeking medical care at health facilities in Karagwe, Sengerema, Kilombero and Kyela districts. Methods: Structured questionnaires were administered and 728 serum samples were collected between May and June, 2015 and tested for the presence of CHIKV-IgM and IgG-specific antibodies using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results and discussion: The common clinical characteristics exhibited by outpatients were fever, headache and joint pains (100%, 70%, and 68.3% respectively). Out of 728 outpatients screened for CHIKV, 105 (14%) tested CHIKV IgG positive whilst 11 (1.5%) tested CHIKV IgM positive. Chikungunya seropositivity was significantly higher than previously reported in Tanzania. The most affected age group was 20-29 years. Our results indicate that CHIKV infection is prevalent and contributes to the burden of febrile illnesses in Tanzania. The seroprevalence varies between districts, reflecting variation in mosquito vector transmission dynamics in different parts of the country. Abbreviations: CHIKV: Chikungunya virus; EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IgG: Immunoglobulin G; IgM: Immunoglobulin M; NIMR: National Institute for Medical Research; RU: Relative Units; SACIDS: Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance; USA: United States of America.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1553460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6394322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37025040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The enzyme toilet rim block 'pCure' does not efficiently remove drug residues in a hospital setting - exemplifying the importance of on-site implementation testing. 酶马桶圈块“pure”不能有效地去除医院环境中的药物残留，这说明了现场实施测试的重要性。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-12-06 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1553463

Sofia Svebrant, Therese Olsen, Jim Larsson, Patrik Öhagen, Hanna Söderström, Josef D Järhult

{"title":"The enzyme toilet rim block 'pCure' does not efficiently remove drug residues in a hospital setting - exemplifying the importance of on-site implementation testing.","authors":"Sofia Svebrant, Therese Olsen, Jim Larsson, Patrik Öhagen, Hanna Söderström, Josef D Järhult","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1553463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1553463","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Negative environmental effects of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are increasingly recognized, especially concerning antibiotics, and hospitals are important point sources. \"pCure\" is a toilet rim block containing API-degrading enzymes; the producing company claims positive in vitro results but no implementation studies have been performed. Materials and methods: In a university hospital setting, 16 weeks were randomized to installation or no installation of pCure in all 261 toilets connected to the same cesspit where sewage water was sampled daily. Ninety-six samples were analyzed for 102 APIs using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Results and Discussion: Fifty-one APIs were detected with a large variation in levels but no significant differences in the initial statistical analysis. More statistical testing of API level ratios (pCure installed/not installed) yielded some cases of significant decrease. Differences were small and not consistent when comparing means and medians. We cannot exclude a small pCure effect but clearly pCure has no effect of biological importance. Conclusion: pCure is not useful to reduce drug residue discharge in a hospital setting. In a bigger perspective, our study exemplifies that products claiming to reduce an environmental problem need to be tested in on-site implementation studies by independent researchers before reaching the market.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1553463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1553463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37035861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of parrot bornavirus 4 identified from a Swedish Blue-winged macaw (Primolius maracana) with unusual nonsuppurative myositis. 瑞典蓝翅金刚鹦鹉非化脓性肌炎病毒4型的检测和系统发育分析。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-11-30 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1547097

Marlene Cavaleiro Pinto, Veronica Rondahl, Mikael Berg, Erik Ågren, Júlio Carvalheira, Gertrude Thompson, Jonas Johansson Wensman

{"title":"Detection and phylogenetic analysis of parrot bornavirus 4 identified from a Swedish Blue-winged macaw (Primolius maracana) with unusual nonsuppurative myositis.","authors":"Marlene Cavaleiro Pinto, Veronica Rondahl, Mikael Berg, Erik Ågren, Júlio Carvalheira, Gertrude Thompson, Jonas Johansson Wensman","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1547097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1547097","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The genus Orthobornavirus comprises RNA viruses infecting humans, mammals, birds and reptiles, where parrot bornavirus 1 to 8 causes fatal neurological and/or gastrointestinal syndromes in psittacines. There is, to the best of our knowledge, no publication describing avian bornaviruses in pet parrots in Sweden. We aimed to identify and to produce epidemiologic knowledge about the etiologic agent associated with a history of severe weight loss and death of a Primolius maracana.Methods and results: The results of histopathology, immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR were compatible with avian bornavirus infection. Sequencing indicated infection by parrot bornavirus 4 (PaBV-4). The genotype reported shared high identity with PaBV-4 identified from pet psittacines and from wild birds in several countries. The N gene and X protein showed genotype clusters formation. P protein revealed to be more conserved within and between species of bornaviruses. Findings suggest horizontal transmission within and between avian orders and species.Conclusion: There seems to be a worldwide trading without biosafety measures, hence, further disease transmission could be avoided. For screening purposes, the P gene is a good candidate as a universal target in molecular diagnostics. Wild birds may be key pieces in the puzzle of bornavirus epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1547097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1547097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36868873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Status of aflatoxin contamination in cow milk produced in smallholder dairy farms in urban and peri-urban areas of Nairobi County: a case study of Kasarani sub county, Kenya. 内罗毕县城市和城郊地区小农奶牛场生产的牛奶中黄曲霉毒素污染状况:以肯尼亚卡萨拉尼县为例研究

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-11-27 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1547095

Irene Kagera, Peter Kahenya, Florence Mutua, Gladys Anyango, Florence Kyallo, Delia Grace, Johanna Lindahl

{"title":"Status of aflatoxin contamination in cow milk produced in smallholder dairy farms in urban and peri-urban areas of Nairobi County: a case study of Kasarani sub county, Kenya.","authors":"Irene Kagera, Peter Kahenya, Florence Mutua, Gladys Anyango, Florence Kyallo, Delia Grace, Johanna Lindahl","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1547095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1547095","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Milk consumption in Kenya supersedes other countries in East Africa. However, milk contamination with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is common, but the magnitude of this exposure and the health risks are poorly understood and need to be monitored routinely. This study aimed at assessing the awareness, knowledge and practices of urban and peri-urban farmers about aflatoxins and determining the levels of aflatoxin contamination in on-farm milk in a selected area within Nairobi County. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess aflatoxin contamination levels of milk in Kasarani sub-county. A total of 84 milk samples were collected from small-holder dairy farms and analyzed for AFM1 using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results and Discussion: Ninety nine percent of the samples (83/84) analysed were contaminated with AFM1. The mean aflatoxin level was 84 ng/kg with 64% of the samples exceeding the EU legal limit of 50 ng/kg. Whereas 80% of the farmers were aware of aflatoxin, there was no correlation between farmers' knowledge and gender with AFM1 prevalence. Conclusion: This study concludes that AFM1 is a frequent contaminant in milk and there is need to enhance farmers awareness on mitigation.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1547095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1547095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36868871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Life history characteristics of birds influence patterns of tick parasitism. 鸟类的生活史特征影响蜱寄生的模式。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-11-27 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1547096

R Jory Brinkerhoff, Lena Dang, Henry M Streby, Maren Gimpel

{"title":"Life history characteristics of birds influence patterns of tick parasitism.","authors":"R Jory Brinkerhoff, Lena Dang, Henry M Streby, Maren Gimpel","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1547096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1547096","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Birds serve as reservoirs for tick-borne pathogens as well as hosts for multiple tick species of public health relevance. Birds may perpetuate life cycles of vectors and vector-borne pathogens and disperse disease vectors over long distances, supplementing populations at range margins or seeding invading populations beyond the edges of current tick distributions. Our goal for this study was to identify life history characteristics of birds that most strongly affect tick parasitism. Materials and Methods: We collected 6203 ticks from 5426 birds from two sites in eastern North America and used field-derived parasitism data and published literature to analyze impacts of life history factors on tick parasitism in birds. Results and Discussion: We identified body size and nest site to have the strongest impact on tick prevalence and abundance in the songbird species included in this study. Our findings reveal site-independent patterns in tick parasitism on birds and suggest that physical more than behavioral characteristics may influence a bird species' suitability as a host for ticks. Conclusions: The data and results published here will contribute to a growing body of literature and information on bird-tick interactions and will help elucidate patterns of tick and tick-borne pathogen geographic expansion.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1547096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1547096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36868872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Assessing the impact of bacteriophages in the treatment of Salmonella in broiler chickens. 评估噬菌体对肉鸡沙门氏菌治疗的影响。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-10-30 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1539056

Nehal M Nabil, Maram M Tawakol, Heba M Hassan

{"title":"Assessing the impact of bacteriophages in the treatment of Salmonella in broiler chickens.","authors":"Nehal M Nabil, Maram M Tawakol, Heba M Hassan","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1539056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1539056","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonellosis is one of the main bacterial infections affecting commercial poultry, causing losses to poultry production, and posing a public health concern. Samples from internal organs (liver, cecum and spleen) of one hundred diseased broiler chickens were collected and subjected to Salmonella isolation, identification and serotyping. S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis were selected from the isolated Salmonella to prepare bacteriophages from sewage water taken at broiler farms. An experimental infection of one day old specific pathogen free (SPF) chicks followed by treatment with the prepared bacteriophages isolated from both Salmonella was performed. Caecal samples from infected chicks were subjected at intervals to bacteriophage isolation and Salmonella quantitation. The effectiveness of bacteriophage treatments on Salmonella colonization in cecum of infected chicks increased after five successive doses. At 3 day post infection (dpi), cecal contents showed a marginal decrease in Salmonella loads with more reduction at 5 dpi. From 7 dpi to the end of the experiment at 15 dpi, all the chicks were cleared for both Salmonella. The findings of this study demonstrate that bacteriophage treatment is efficacious in reducing S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis colonization in broiler chickens within a short period and could be used as an alternative to antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1539056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1539056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36638850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 52

Baseline dasabuvir resistance in Hepatitis C virus from the genotypes 1, 2 and 3 and modeling of the NS5B-dasabuvir complex by the in silico approach. 基因型1、2和3的丙型肝炎病毒基线达沙布韦耐药及ns5b -达沙布韦复合物的计算机模拟

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-10-05 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1528117

Dario Akaberi, Assar Bergfors, Midori Kjellin, Nader Kameli, Louise Lidemalm, Bhavya Kolli, Robert W Shafer, Navaneethan Palanisamy, Johan Lennerstrand

{"title":"Baseline dasabuvir resistance in Hepatitis C virus from the genotypes 1, 2 and 3 and modeling of the NS5B-dasabuvir complex by the in silico approach.","authors":"Dario Akaberi, Assar Bergfors, Midori Kjellin, Nader Kameli, Louise Lidemalm, Bhavya Kolli, Robert W Shafer, Navaneethan Palanisamy, Johan Lennerstrand","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1528117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1528117","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Current combination treatments with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) can cure more than 95% of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. However, resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) may emerge and can also be present in treatment-naïve patients. Methods, results and discussion: In this study, a semi-pan-genotypic population sequencing method was developed and used to assess all NS5B amino acid variants between residue positions 310 and 564. Our method successfully sequenced more than 90% of genotype (GT) 1a, 1b, 2b and 3a samples. By using the population sequencing method with a cut-off of 20%, we found the dasabuvir RASs A553V and C445F to be a baseline polymorphism of GT 2b (8 out of 8) and GT 3a (18 out of 18) sequences, respectively. In GT 1a and 1b treatment-naïve subjects (n=25), no high-fold resistance polymorphism/RASs were identified. We further predicted dasabuvir's binding pose with the NS5B polymerase using the in silico methods to elucidate the reasons associated with the resistance of clinically relevant RASs. Dasabuvir was docked at the palm-I site and was found to form hydrogen bonds with the residues S288, I447, Y448, N291 and D318. The RAS positions 316, 414, 448, 553 and 556 were found to constitute the dasabuvir binding pocket.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1528117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1528117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36584841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Occurrence of Yersinia rohdei among feral reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus) and kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus) on the Sub-Antarctic island South Georgia. 南乔治亚亚南极岛野生驯鹿(Rangifer t. tarandus)和海带鸥(Larus dominicanus)中罗氏耶尔森氏菌的出现。

Infection Ecology and Epidemiology Pub Date : 2018-09-11 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/20008686.2018.1517582

Jonas Bonnedahl, Charlotte Berg, Dan I Andersson, Robert Söderlund, Ivar Vågsholm, Björn Olsen

{"title":"Occurrence of Yersinia rohdei among feral reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus) and kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus) on the Sub-Antarctic island South Georgia.","authors":"Jonas Bonnedahl, Charlotte Berg, Dan I Andersson, Robert Söderlund, Ivar Vågsholm, Björn Olsen","doi":"10.1080/20008686.2018.1517582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2018.1517582","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: During a research expedition in 2012, faecal samples were collected from feral reindeer and kelp gulls on the main island of South Georgia in the Sub-Antarctic region of the Atlantic. The samples were analysed for bacteria of the genus Yersinia with the aim of identifying isolates to the species level. Materials and Methods: A total of 11 reindeer samples and 26 Kelp Gull samples were retrieved from the location of Stromness, kept refrigerated and cultivated for gram-negative bacteria. Results: Three of the samples showed growth of Yersinia rohdei, as confirmed by biochemical typing, MALDI-TOF and 16S rRNA sequencing. The isolates were indistinguishable from each other by 16S sequencing, and differed by a single base pair from the type strain of Y. rohdei. Discussion: The Yersinia genus contains well-known pathogens of significance to both human and veterinary medicine, but the public health and animal health relevance of Y. rohdei is unknown. Although it is clear that Y. rhodei is present in the south Georgian biotope, its importance and relevance for biological diversity is unknown, as is if this presence is merely a reflection of human activities.","PeriodicalId":37446,"journal":{"name":"Infection Ecology and Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1517582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20008686.2018.1517582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37417937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1