Optimum. Economic Studies最新文献_第5页

Sustainable energy policy with an environmental dimension – towards decarbonization 具有环境因素的可持续能源政策-迈向脱碳

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.10

K. Chojnacka

{"title":"Sustainable energy policy with an environmental dimension – towards decarbonization","authors":"K. Chojnacka","doi":"10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The article poses a research question: Is decarbonization an alternative or a necessity? In view of the current problems with coal supplies on the one hand, and the need to take care of the environment on the other, the question posed takes on a deeper meaning. Particularly when sustainable management of natural resources and broad energy policies appear in the background. Therefore, the research hypothesis is: “decarbonization, as one of the recently imposed trends, is indicated from the point of view of sustainable management of natural resources as part of the energy policy and and as a desirable solution in order to to take care of the environment and current problems with coal supplies”. Research method – The article uses several research methods: literature studies, secondary data analysis, analysis of figures in the economic aspect or elements of comparatism. Results – The analysis shows that decarbonization is desirable (it is supported by economic and environmental considerations). Moreover, it is a necessity and follows from the adopted national energy strategy, which is influenced by the EU’s climate and energy policy, based on the pursuit of climate neutrality of the EU by 2050. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – The presented point of view, supported by a preliminary analysis of available statistical data, can be considered as the author’s opinion leading to more in-depth analyses based on more and more recent data in the future. In view of the above, the article is a voice in the discussion on the role and importance of energy policy, in the context of the concept of sustainable development, with a particular focus on one of the components of the European Green Deal. The included commentary on decarbonization, treated as one of the recently imposed trends, was intended to stimulate the reader’s thoughts and their own assessment of the changes taking place and the challenges that go along with them. The text was developed as part of the research project: SUPB.RN.21.109, Id: 538.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"24 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116611184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wolna gospodarka i silne państwo: co zawiodło?

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2022.03.109.01

Anna Ząbkowicz

{"title":"Wolna gospodarka i silne państwo: co zawiodło?","authors":"Anna Ząbkowicz","doi":"10.15290/oes.2022.03.109.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2022.03.109.01","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The article elaborates on an ordoliberal idea that contradiction between market and the state constitutes a false direction of thinking, and tries to show why it is so, in particular, when combating economic crisis is at stake. Research method – This is a review of literature authored by leaders of the ordoliberal stream of thought. Contents have been organized around the fundamental ordoliberal premise that free economy and strong state are intertwined and dependent on each other. Results – Reconstruction of an ordoliberal position is helpful since it creates an interesting perspective on the international economic and financial crisis of 2008–2009. It reveals that after the crisis private economic power has not been constrained, which constitutes an obstacle to free economy, while the state has not become capable of withstanding rival social groups which means it is continuously weak. Originality/value/implications/recommendations – The considerations presented overcome “market-state” dichotomy which was constituted as common wisdom thanks to mainstream economics. This is a unique attitude which is rather absent in Poland despite ordoliberal economics being reflected in economic policies as a theory of social market economy, with SME being referred to in Polish constitution.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125174018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geneza i charakterystyka prawa zamówień publicznych w Polsce międzywojennej

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2021.03.105.05

Aldona Podolska-Meducka

{"title":"Geneza i charakterystyka prawa zamówień publicznych w Polsce międzywojennej","authors":"Aldona Podolska-Meducka","doi":"10.15290/oes.2021.03.105.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2021.03.105.05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the public procurement law in the interwar Poland, preceded by its genesis. The significance of the law regulating the process of public funds expenditure derived from these funds coming largely from the state budget, and the public sector being a very important client on the domestic market. The adopted solutions had to take into account economic problems of the Polish state in the discussed period. Research method – Legislative and parliamentary material analysis was conducted, and a literature review was undertaken. Result – The pre-war Polish procurement law was enacted in a difficult domestic economic context. The legislator had to account for this and establish appropriate domestic market conditions, primarily for Polish entrepreneurs. In the 1920s, the legal regulations of the former partitioning states were applied. The 1930s brought uniform legislation for the entire country. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Public procurement is a very important element of public finance. The rules that organize it, embodied in legal regulations, are an essential part of public funds spending transparency. Pre-war public procurement law became the basis for solutions adopted in Poland after the year 1989.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127811786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Poland’s energy security in comparison with the other European Union countries with the use of selected economic indicators of energy security 利用选定的能源安全经济指标，分析波兰的能源安全与其他欧洲联盟国家的比较

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.11

Jan Braun

{"title":"Analysis of Poland’s energy security in comparison with the other European Union countries with the use of selected economic indicators of energy security","authors":"Jan Braun","doi":"10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.11","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The aim of the article is to analyze the level of Poland’s energy security in comparison with the other European Union countries. Research method – The study was based on an index analysis with the use of selected economic indicators of the level of energy security. Results – The highest level of energy security, taking into account selected indicators, occurs in countries such as Sweden, Finland, and Estonia, and the lowest in Malta, Belgium, and Luxembourg. As regards Poland, it is characterized by a high degree of import independence, which may indicate a high level of energy security. Poland has also a higher share of RES in final energy consumption than the EU average. However, when analyzing the energy intensity of the economy, it should be noted that Poland has one of the highest levels in this respect. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – The literature on the subject is dominated by descriptions and characteristics of various methods of assessing the state of energy security of the country (including quantitative methods). At the same time, there is a noticeable lack of analysis of the level of energy security in Poland with the use of economic indicators. The research undertaken in the article thus deepens the analyses carried out so far and will be the basis for further considerations on the economic aspect of Poland’s energy security.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123263810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution of state aid for medium-sized enterprises in Poland during COVID-19 crisis COVID-19 危机期间波兰中型企业国家援助的分配情况

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.03

S. Franek, Tomasz Wiśniewski, Adam Adamczyk

引用次数: 0

Wykluczenie cyfrowe seniorów w zakresie korzystania z usług społecznych w Polsce w dobie demograficznego starzenia się ludności

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.06

Marzena Czarnecka, Hanna Kelm, Wiesław Koczur

引用次数: 0

Wrażliwość budżetów publicznych i prywatnych na kryzys spowodowany pandemią COVID-19 na przykładzie polskiej gospodarki

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2022.03.109.03

Barbara Zbroińska

{"title":"Wrażliwość budżetów publicznych i prywatnych na kryzys spowodowany pandemią COVID-19 na przykładzie polskiej gospodarki","authors":"Barbara Zbroińska","doi":"10.15290/oes.2022.03.109.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2022.03.109.03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – To demonstrate the interdependence and assess the sensitivity of private and public budgets to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Research method – The method of quantitative and qualitative analysis of statistical data on household budgets, corporate finances and state and local government budgets was applied. The strength of the impact of the crisis was assessed on the basis of the difference in the dynamics of variables characterising budgets after the first year of the crisis compared to the year before the crisis. Results – Pandemic crisis has put greater strain on public budgets. Personal income tax revenues are the most sensitive to the crisis. Public budgets show a larger negative difference in revenue dynamics during the crisis than private budgets. The burden on the state budget consists of lower tax revenues and discretionary fiscal policy during the crisis. The strong impact of the behavioural factor is demonstrated by the significant increase in the dynamics of household savings. Originality/value/implications/recommendations – The article presents the author’s assessment of the distribution of the burden of the effects of the crisis between public and private budgets.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"471 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116791850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of insurance on economic growth in Central and Eastern European Countries against other European economies 保险对中欧和东欧国家经济增长相对于其他欧洲经济体的影响

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2022.02.108.02

I. Laskowska

{"title":"The impact of insurance on economic growth in Central and Eastern European Countries against other European economies","authors":"I. Laskowska","doi":"10.15290/oes.2022.02.108.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2022.02.108.02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of the insurance sector on economic growth based on panel data for 31 European countries covering the period 2004–2019, with particular emphasis on the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Method – Dynamic econometric models were used in the analysis (Generalised Method of Moments). An attempt was made to quantify the impact of the insurance sector on economic growth for selected indicators of activity in that sector (insurance density and market penetration) for 2004– –2019. Conclusions – Research using regression analysis has confirmed the importance of insurance activity (in total, life and property & casualty insurance) for economic growth in a group of 31 European countries. The analysis carried out for the group of CEE countries has not confirmed significant impact of any of the variables characterising the development of total insurance and life insurance markets on GDP per capita. However, a significant impact of property & casualty (P&C) insurance, expressed in terms of insurance density, has been confirmed. Originality/value/implications/recommendations – The results of the study may constitute a recommen-dation for supporting the further development of the insurance sector by formulating appropriate regulations and legal frameworks and by taking measures that can increase trust in the insurance sector and raise insurance awareness.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129243199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Sustainable competitiveness of the visegrad group countries 维谢格拉德集团国家的可持续竞争力

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.01

K. Falkowski

{"title":"Sustainable competitiveness of the visegrad group countries","authors":"K. Falkowski","doi":"10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2023.01.111.01","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The main objective of this paper is to present the results of an analysis of sustainable competitiveness of the Visegrad Group (V4) countries in comparison with other EU member states, including the aspects of the European Green Deal and the challenges associated with its implementation in the V4 countries from the perspective of their sustainable competitiveness. The analysis is preceded by a synthetic discussion of the issue of sustainable competitiveness in theoretical terms. Research method – To achieve the objectives of the study, the methods of literature review (on theoretical analysis of sustainable competitiveness), and analysis of source materials (on sustainable competitiveness of V4 countries) and of available statistical data (on the structure of energy production in V4 countries) were used. Results – Although sustainable competitiveness of the Visegrad countries varies, as a group they perform much better than other EU Member States when compared to the rest of the world. As a result of the implementation of the European Green Deal, an improvement in the overall sustainable competitiveness of the V4 countries can be expected in the long term, despite short-term costs related to the planned ecological transition and digital transformation. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Although the number of publications on sustainable competitiveness in the contemporary international economic literature is growing, there is still a lack of research studies in this area dedicated to the V4 countries. This paper fills this research gap.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128832309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Communication Channels in Export Transactions of Polish Enterprises in The Conditions of The COVID-19 Pandemic 新冠肺炎疫情下波兰企业出口交易中的数字沟通渠道

Optimum. Economic Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/oes.2022.04.110.04

Sylwia Talar

{"title":"Digital Communication Channels in Export Transactions of Polish Enterprises in The Conditions of The COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Sylwia Talar","doi":"10.15290/oes.2022.04.110.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/oes.2022.04.110.04","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The article aims to identify the relationship between the communication shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the digitalization of communication channels in the transaction process, and the exports of Polish enterprises. Research method – The following methods are used: descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and non-parametric one-way analysis of variance (Kruskal-Wallis test) based on data from a diagnostic survey conducted on a representative sample of Polish exporters. Results – The communication shock caused by the restriction of face-to-face meetings with foreign counterparties had, among many factors, the most negative impact on Polish enterprises’ export transaction opportunities during the pandemic. However, hypotheses that there are relationships between export performance, export opportunities and the use of digital communication channels, and the digitalization of communication under pandemic conditions were rejected. The absence of such relationships refers to Solow’s paradox of the lack of efficiency effects of digital technologies implementation. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Conclusions enhance knowledge of the digitalization of international economic transactions, and in particular, the efficiency of the uti-lization of digital communication channels in export transactions under pandemic conditions.","PeriodicalId":373923,"journal":{"name":"Optimum. Economic Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115544384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0