Xingwei Wu, Yuki Gorospe, Teruhisa Misu, Y. Huynh, Nimsi Guerrero
{"title":"What Driving Says About You: A Small-Sample Exploratory Study Between Personality and Self-Reported Driving Style Among Young Male Drivers","authors":"Xingwei Wu, Yuki Gorospe, Teruhisa Misu, Y. Huynh, Nimsi Guerrero","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410655","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how personalities relate to driving styles is crucial for improving Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADASs) and driver-vehicle interactions. Focusing on the ”high-risk” population of young male drivers, the objective of this study is to investigate the association between personality traits and driving styles. An online survey study was conducted among 46 males aged 21-30 to gauge their personality traits, self-reported driving style, and driving history. Hierarchical Clustering was proposed to identify driving styles and revealed two subgroups of drivers who either had a ”risky” or ”compliant” driving style. Compared to the compliant group, the risky cluster sped more frequently, was easily distracted and affected by negative emotion, and often behaved recklessly. The logit model results showed that the risky driving style was associated with lower Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, but higher driving exposure. An interaction effect was also detected between age and Extraversion to form a risky driving style.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122256090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Long Can a Driver Look? Exploring Time Thresholds to Evaluate Head-up Display Imagery","authors":"B. Topliss, C. Harvey, G. Burnett","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410663","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the visual demand incurred by vehicle displays is evaluated using time criteria (such as those provided by NHTSA). This 60-participant driving simulator study investigated to what extent glance time criteria applies to Head-up Display (HUD) imagery, considering 48 locations across the windshield (and 3 in-vehicle display positions). Participants were required to make a long controlled continuous glance to a sample of these locations. Consequently, the time at which lateral/longitudinal unsafe driving occurred (e.g. deviating out of lane, unacceptable time to collision) could then be assessed. Using the selected measures, the results suggest that drivers are able to maintain driving performance for longer than recommended NHTSA guidelines for in-vehicle displays whilst engaging with HUD imagery in various locations. Importantly, the data from this study provides initial maps for designers highlighting the visual demand implications of HUD imagery across the windshield.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134540228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greg A. Baumgardner, Liberty Hoekstra-Atwood, D. Prendez
{"title":"Concepts of Connected Vehicle Applications: Interface Lessons Learned from a Rail Crossing Implementation","authors":"Greg A. Baumgardner, Liberty Hoekstra-Atwood, D. Prendez","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410640","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging connected vehicle (CV) technologies provide timely, advance warnings of roadway hazards to road users who may be incapable of perceiving them otherwise. Between 2012 and 2019, United States government transportation agencies deployed V2X Hub, an open platform supporting a broad set of transportation safety applications. This platform facilitates real-time data sharing between infrastructure, in-vehicle, or mobile devices to communicate hazards using Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC). Armed with expertise gained in developing the technology, along with a renewed focus for the design of the in-vehicle safety system's Human-Machine Interface (HMI), the Rail Crossing Violation Warning (RCVW) research team evaluated practical driver use cases and extended the system capabilities to meet a broader set of safety goals.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Lee, Kristina Stojmenova, Gowdham Prabhakar, S. Bao, J. Sodnik, M. Jeon
{"title":"The 2nd Workshop on Localization vs. Internationalization: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on AutomotiveUI Activities from the View of Diversity and Inclusion","authors":"S. Lee, Kristina Stojmenova, Gowdham Prabhakar, S. Bao, J. Sodnik, M. Jeon","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411735","url":null,"abstract":"A worldwide pandemic has brought many challenges in numerous areas of everyone's life. The AutomotiveUI 2020 has also been moved to a virtual conference. Although the situation seems to be improving in some parts of the world, the impacts that the pandemic has brought to the research and academia may last long even after the pandemic is over. In the AutomotiveUI community, there is more than one aspect that should be taken into consideration. Ironically, the situation brought about both risks and opportunities including research methods, collaboration, interaction manners, and diversity and inclusion. With this background, the goal of this workshop is to discuss the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on the AutomotiveUI community from the perspective of the diversity and inclusion and to discuss the direction of collaborative activities of our community with researchers from various groups. We will organize three virtual workshop sessions accomodating different time zones.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127254903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcel Walch, Stacey Li, Ilan Mandel, D. Goedicke, Natalie Friedman, Wendy Ju
{"title":"Crosswalk Cooperation: A Phone-Integrated Driver-Vehicle Cooperation Approach to Predict the Crossing Intentions of Pedestrians in Automated Driving","authors":"Marcel Walch, Stacey Li, Ilan Mandel, D. Goedicke, Natalie Friedman, Wendy Ju","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411727","url":null,"abstract":"While the implementation of automated driving under well-defined circumstances such as highways is possible today, more complex and dynamic environments such as urban areas remain challenging. In particular, the behavior prediction of other road users like pedestrians can be difficult for automated vehicles. We suggest a cooperative approach to overcome this system limitation. More specifically, the system can rely on the users’ interpretation of the situation to clarify ambiguity. This study explores how passengers can be used to disambiguate pedestrian crossing behavior. Because passengers likely use their phones while traveling in an automated vehicle, we displayed a live view of the traffic scenes as well as a cooperation request to ask about the intentions of the pedestrian at the crosswalk. A preliminary evaluation of usability shows that this approach provides promising results. Participants also reported trusting the system and showed willingness to help an automated vehicle.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116983133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"No Need to Slow Down! A Head-up Display Based Warning System for Cyclists for Safe Passage of Parked Vehicles","authors":"Tamara von Sawitzky, T. Grauschopf, A. Riener","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411708","url":null,"abstract":"The development of driver assistance systems and technologies for vehicle automation is pushed forward in order to increase road safety. However, there are still numerous situations that cannot (easily) be solved with on-vehicle assistance systems, particularly during the interaction of vehicles with vulnerable road users. Bicyclists, especially in urban areas, are traveling at relatively high speeds compared to pedestrians. Even on dedicated bicycle lanes, numerous accidents are caused by vehicle doors opening. Our proposed approach aims at warning cyclists of suddenly opening doors of parked vehicles when passing. We plan to conduct a user study in mixed reality, comparing the baseline (no system) to two warning concepts (visual and visual-auditory). We expect that awareness of the possible danger will let cyclists feel safer and help to prevent accidents. We estimate that the visual-auditory system leads to better reaction times and lower mental workload as the visual-only system.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121685319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Gender Study of Communication Interfaces between an Autonomous Car and a Pedestrian","authors":"Chia-Ming Chang","doi":"10.1145/3409251.3411719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411719","url":null,"abstract":"Communication between an autonomous car and a pedestrian is an important issue that has been widely discussed in the recent years. Many studies and car companies proposed concepts of communication interface on an autonomous car to communicate with a pedestrian. However, there is no detailed study in exploring communication interfaces from a gender perspective. In this study, we explored vehicle-to-pedestrian communication from a gender perspective. We firstly designed three types of communication interface on an autonomous car: verbal, non-verbal and expressive interfaces. And then we compared these three types of communication interface in a pedestrian street-crossing situation via a video experiment. The results show that there are significant differences between male and female pedestrians in the expressive interface (smile and non-smile). More female pedestrians can understand car's intention via the expressive interfaces than male pedestrians. Additionally, more female pedestrians feel the expressive interface is reliable and comfortable about than male pedestrians.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121733430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gesa Wiegand, K. Holländer, Katharina Rupp, H. Hussmann
{"title":"The Joy of Collaborating with Highly Automated Vehicles","authors":"Gesa Wiegand, K. Holländer, Katharina Rupp, H. Hussmann","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410643","url":null,"abstract":"Fully autonomous driving leaves drivers with little opportunity to intervene in the driving decision. Giving drivers more control can enhance their driving experience. We develop two collaborative interface concepts to increase the user experience of drivers in autonomous vehicles. Our aim is to increase the joy of driving and to give drivers competence and autonomy even when driving autonomously. In a driving simulator study (N = 24) we investigate how vehicles and drivers can collaborate to decide on driving actions together. We compare autonomous driving (AD), the option to take back driving control (TBC) and two collaborative driving interface concepts by evaluating usability, user experience, workload, psychological needs, performance criteria and interview statements. The collaborative interfaces significantly increase autonomy and competence compared to AD. Joy is highly represented in the qualitative data during TBC and collaboration. Collaboration proves to be good for situations in which quick decisions are called for.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123418395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Funk, Carie Cunningham, Duygu Kanver, Christopher Saikalis, Rohan Pansare
{"title":"Usable and Acceptable Response Delays of Conversational Agents in Automotive User Interfaces","authors":"M. Funk, Carie Cunningham, Duygu Kanver, Christopher Saikalis, Rohan Pansare","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410651","url":null,"abstract":"With an increasing ability to answer and fulfill user requests, voice-enabled Conversational Agents (CAs) are becoming more and more powerful. However, as the complexity of the requests increase, the time for the CAs to process and fulfill the tasks can become longer. In other cases where input prediction is available, some requests can be processed and answered even before the user is finished saying the command. However, the effects of these positive and negative delays in system response time are still under-explored. In this paper, we systematically analyze the effects of different response delays on usability and acceptability considering three common interaction techniques for voice-enabled CAs. Our results reveal that an unnaturally long positive delay in system response time leads users to assume that an error occurred, while a negative delay is perceived by the users as rude. Based on our findings, we present design guidelines for voice-enabled CAs.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124299337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debargha Dey, K. Holländer, Melanie Berger, Berry Eggen, Brady Michael Kuhl, Bastian Pfleging, J. Terken
{"title":"Distance-Dependent eHMIs for the Interaction Between Automated Vehicles and Pedestrians","authors":"Debargha Dey, K. Holländer, Melanie Berger, Berry Eggen, Brady Michael Kuhl, Bastian Pfleging, J. Terken","doi":"10.1145/3409120.3410642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410642","url":null,"abstract":"External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) support automated vehicles (AVs) in interacting with vulnerable road users such as pedestrians. While related work investigated various eHMIs concepts, these concepts communicate their message in one go at a single point in time. There are no empirical insights yet whether distance-dependent multi-step information that provides additional context as the vehicle approaches a pedestrian can increase the user experience. We conducted a video-based study (N = 24) with an eHMI concept that offers pedestrians information about the vehicle’s intent without providing any further context information, and compared it with two novel eHMI concepts that provide additional information when approaching the pedestrian. Results show that additional distance-based information on eHMIs for yielding vehicles enhances pedestrians’ comprehension of the vehicle’s intention and increases their willingness to cross. This insight posits the importance of distance-dependent information in the development of eHMIs to enhance the usability, acceptance, and safety of AVs.","PeriodicalId":373501,"journal":{"name":"12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134106732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}