Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Cancer Biomarker Concentration Changes During Tumor Progression.","authors":"Miyo K Chatanaka, Eleftherios P Diamandis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Most circulating cancer and other disease biomarker concentrations increase during disease progression, roughly correlating with tumor burden or disease severity. During the biomarker discovery phase, several studies (some published in high-impact journals) report decreases in serum biomarkers at the time of disease diagnosis or during progression (in comparison to control, non-diseased populations). It is suggested these biomarker decreases between normal and diseased populations may have utility in diagnostics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We briefly examine if a serum cancer biomarker concentration is likely to decrease as cancer progresses through empirical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We propose a simple model, which, if correct, would suggest that in most cases, the biomarker decrease during disease progression could be an artifact or epiphenomenon (thus representing false discovery). Our suggestion is supported by the very few examples of decline of serum biomarkers during cancer development and progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The notion that a serum biomarker concentration could be inversely associated with tumor burden seems to be an epiphenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"206-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Molecular Technology in Cancer Testing.","authors":"Sivapatham Sundaresan, S K Lavanya, Monika Manickam","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"142-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Monoclonal Gammopathies in an East Moroccan Population: University Hospital Findings.","authors":"Oussama Grari, Kaoutar Benaissa, Nisma Douzi, Imad-Eddine Elkhamlichi, Amina Himri, Dounia Elmoujtahide, El-Houcine Sebbar, Mohammed Choukri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monoclonal gammopathies (MG) are frequent, especially among older people. This study aims to establish the features and etiologies of MG detected over seven years in the Biochemistry department of Mohammed VI University Hospital in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was performed from Jan 1, 2016, to Sept 1, 2023, and involved 224 patients residing in east Morocco. The diagnosis of MG was conducted through capillary zone electrophoresis, followed by confirmation through immunofixation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 224 patients, with an average age at diagnosis of 65.91 years. There were 122 (54.46%) males and 102 (45.54%) females, for a sex ratio of 1.19. In terms of immunoglobulin isotypes, IgG was found to be the most common monoclonal protein (59.82%), followed by IgA (19.64%) and IgM (6.71%). Furthermore, 11.6% of cases had exclusive free light chain (FLC) secretion, and 2.23% had biclonal gammopathy. The distribution of diagnoses in our study included multiple myeloma (MM) (78.57%), lymphoma (5.35%), plasma cell leukemia (4.02%), Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) (3.57%), and MGUS (1.79%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study noted the high frequency of MM over MGUS. Several factors could contribute to this prevalence, including variations in healthcare access, demographic characteristics, and potentially other elements that warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"175-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Role of Magnesium: Insights into Insulin Resistance and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Vidya Sagar Ram, Ashutosh Vishnoi, Mimoh Sharma, Abel Jaison, Nivedita Singh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant and escalating global health concern, with Type 2 DM (T2DM) constituting approximately 90% of all DM cases. Magnesium (Mg) plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. Hypomagnesemia is prevalent in T2DM patients. The severity of hypomagnesemia correlates with glycemic control and is linked to the development of complications associated with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of hypomagnesemia in patients with T2DM and explore its association with both glycemic control and the development of complications in rural and urban populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study consisted of 300 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic patients between 31 and 55 years of age. Fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose, and magnesium levels were estimated using a fully automated analyzer, Selectra Pro-XL. HbA1c was measured using Bio-Rad D10. Insulin levels were calculated using the chemiluminescence method. HOMA-IR was also assessed using a formula: fasting insulin (U/mL) multiplied by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol/L) divided by 22.5.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Magnesium levels were significantly lower in diabetic patients (1.34±0.29) than in the control (2.17±1.87) with p<0.0001. FBS (267.67±89.78 mg/dL vs. 167.87±76.87 mg/dL, p<0.0001), PPBS (376.87±112.87 mg/dL vs. 287.90±99.98 mg/dL, p<0.0001), HbA1c (9.54±2.6 % vs. 7.23±1.8 %, p<0.0001), Insulin (17.21±8.98 IU/mL vs. 14.87±5.98 IU/ mL, p=0.039) and HOMA-IR (7.32±3.67 vs. 6.13±0.99, p=0.012) were significantly elevated in the hypomagnesemia group than the normal magnesium levels. Magnesium levels were negatively correlated with FBS (r=-0.465; p<0.0001), PPBS (r=-0.596; p<0.0001, HbA1c (r=-0.765; p<0.0001), Insulin (r=-0.454; p<0.0001), and HOMA-IR (r=-0.325; p<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that monitoring serum magnesium levels is crucial for individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to manage hypomagnesemia, mitigate associated complications, and optimize overall care.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"189-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Survey on Quality Control and Method Evaluation Practices in Clinical Laboratories in Nepal.","authors":"Vivek Pant, Tze Ping Loh, Santosh Pradhan, Keyoor Gautam, Devish Pyakurel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a lack of systematic collection of information on the quality control practice and method evaluation approach in clinical laboratories in Nepal. Such data is important to formulate educational activities and policy that may address any potential knowledge and practice gap identified.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The pilot survey included twelve questions regarding quality control practice and method evaluation approach and was distributed among the laboratory medicine professionals in Kathmandu, Nepal. Data were collected using a structured self-reported questionnaire on the Google Docs platform. A total of 43 responses were received.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Internal quality control and method evaluation practice varied considerably in terms of the number of levels of material used, frequency of analysis, type and source of material and acceptance criteria among responding laboratories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The variability in quality control practice and method evaluation approach highlights need for augmentation of knowledge, attitude, and practice behavior among laboratory professionals in Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"166-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point of Care Tests - The Future of Diagnostic Medicine.","authors":"Sibtain Ahmed, Raif Jafri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"140-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History, Implementation and Current Use of the IFCC-IUPAC's Nomenclature for Properties and Units (NPU) Terminology in Denmark, Norway and Sweden.","authors":"Steen Antonsen, Erik Koldberg Amundsen, Rebecca Ceder, Karin Toska, Mette Christophersen Tollånes, Young Bae Hansen, Gunnar Nordin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electronic exchange of health care data demands code/terminology systems. In the Scandinavian countries, the IFCC-IUPAC's Nomenclature for Properties and Units (NPU) terminology is used for results in biochemistry, pharmacology, and immunology. Implementation, use and administration of NPU has differed between the countries despite similar health care and lab sectors. In Norway and in one Swedish region NPU - with supplementary SNOMED CT codes is also used for reporting results in microbiology. In Denmark and to some extent in Norway and Sweden NPU is also used for ordering tests. In Norway NPU (as part of NLK) has since 2018 been mandatory in requesting governmental reimbursement for laboratory tests. The numbers of national codes vary considerably (DAN: 303, NOR: 1612, SWE: 415). Furthermore, in Denmark >3500 local codes are used for requisition and to communicate more details with the analytical result than the NPU terminology allows. Also, in Norway the NPU codes are by many lab professionals considered insufficient for communicating all relevant information with results. However, the Norwegian reimbursement system has been a strong motivator for implementing international NPU codes. We find it necessary to add information about \"how\" a measurement is done to the information about \"what\" is measured in the laboratory report. Until this is settled otherwise, we suggest an increased pragmatism towards producing national codes including method specific information. Furthermore, we recommend that organisations responsible for classifications have heavy professional participation and decision-making competencies in order to lead and guide implementation and optimal use of the classifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"154-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Laboratory Medicine's Transformation: Embracing Doughnut Economics for Sustainable Business Redesign.","authors":"Damien Gruson, Rana Nabulsi, Chiara Peranio","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 2","pages":"68-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uric Acid Status in Subclinical Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Premjeet Kaur, Vijay Suri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overt hypothyroidism is associated with high levels of serum uric acid (UA) however, the association between UA and thyroid function in patients with subclinical thyroid dysfunction remains unclear. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by normal thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), and elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, usually without clinical manifestations. Therefore, we carried out a study of patients with subclinical thyroid dysfunction to assess the relationship between thyroid function and UA. This lead us to review the literature to find to what extent subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with uric acid. This study adopts the method of retrospective analysis to collect general information and laboratory results aimed at assessing the correlation between uric acid and thyroid hormone levels. We searched 3 databases using different keywords. Literature search was done for articles published in the last ten years, between 2013-2023. All relevant studies were screened. A total of eighteen articles were finalized for the review. Some studies supported T3 supplementation resulting in SCH correction. Our study indicates that it is important to screen for serum uric acid levels routinely in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 2","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Practice to Proficiency: Evaluation of a Novel Workplace-Based Assessment (WBA) in a Postgraduate Chemical Pathology Residency Program in Pakistan.","authors":"Ahmed Sibtain, Khan Fatima Muhammad Asad, Majid Hafsa, Khan Aysha Habib, Siddiqui Imran, Ghani Farooq, Jafri Lena","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A workplace-based assessment (WBA) model was implemented in the postgraduate (PG) residency program of Chemical Pathology at the Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University (AKU). PGs were assessed using direct observation of practical skills (DOPS), evaluation of clinical events (ECE) and case-based discussion (CBD) on a virtual learning environment (VLE) platform.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate WBA frequency, case mix, feedback, and satisfaction levels of faculty and PGs of Chemical Pathology at AKU.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from January 2019 to June 2023 was assessed. Tool utilization and case mix frequencies were calculated. PG and faculty satisfaction levels, as well as feedback and discussion time, were averaged. A thematic analysis was conducted on descriptive comments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 911 WBAs attempted, 79.1% (n=730) were CBDs, 10.8% (n=98) were DOPS, and 9.1% (n=83) were ECEs, showing a well-distributed case mix. Average satisfaction levels for CBD, ECE, and DOPS among both PGs and faculty were 8.38, 8.48, and 8.59, and 8.20, 8.36, and 8.46, respectively. Faculty feedback averaged 8.40, 8.65, and 7.85 minutes for CBD, ECE, and DOPS, respectively. Discussion times averaged 9.37, 9.52, and 13.36 minutes for CBD, ECE, and DOPS, respectively. Suggestions for development were noted in 20.82% (n=225) of CBDs, 21.69% (n=18) of ECEs, and 16.32% (n=16) of DOPS. Positives were documented in 40% (n=292) of CBDs, 28.92% (n=24) of ECEs, and 7.14% (n=7) of DOPS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study evaluated a web-based WBA model in chemical pathology training, suggesting its applicability in diverse pathology specialties and regional training programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"35 2","pages":"111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}