Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Plasma Cell Neoplasm Mimicking Metastatic Bone Disease in a Breast Cancer Survivor: A Case Report Highlighting the Role of Serum Protein Electrophoresis.","authors":"Arshiya Anjum, Sanjay Bagade, Sanath Kandem","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer, a prevalent solid tumor, is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Hematological malignancies, such as acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, are more frequent in breast cancer survivors, while plasma cell neoplasms are less common. We report the case of a 44-year-old woman with breast cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery, presenting one year later with bone lesions and anemia. Initially suspected to be metastatic bone disease, the findings of elevated serum total protein and globulins prompted serum protein electrophoresis, which revealed a distinct M band in the gamma region, suggesting a plasma cell neoplasm. Further evaluation confirmed this diagnosis, and treatment was initiated. This case underscores the importance of considering elevated total protein, globulins, and an altered albumin-to-globulin ratio as primary bone marrow disorders, such as plasma cell neoplasms, in breast cancer patients with bone lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"367-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Professionals' Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Laboratory Medicine: Insights from a National Survey in Albania.","authors":"Helena Lame, Nevila Heta, Valbona Tole, Arba Coraj, Etleva Refatllari, Irena Korita, Mirela Lika, Ersida Kapllani, Anyla Bulo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming Laboratory Medicine, successful AI integration depends on the readiness of healthcare professionals. This study aimed to assess the perspectives of Albanian laboratory professionals toward AI integration in medical laboratories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional, voluntary, and anonymous survey using Google Forms. The survey link was distributed to all members of the Albanian Society of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine and their affiliated staff. The survey explored General Information and Demographics, Digital Properties and Health Data Access, and Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Medical Laboratories. Responses were automatically collected over four weeks and were analyzed to investigate laboratory professionals' perspectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 220 laboratory professionals completed the survey. 30% of participants were laboratory doctors and 70% were laboratory technicians. Participants expressed a generally optimistic outlook on AI integration in medical laboratories, believing it could streamline routine workflows and save time (74%), simplify repetitive tasks (70%), reduce work-related stress (61%), improve analytical accuracy and precision (57%), and reduce costs and enhance efficiency (49%). The main barriers to AI integration were considered high cost of implementation, the lack of appropriate IT infrastructure, the lack of specialized staff, and ethical considerations. Significant differences were observed among various subgroups, but interest in AI training prevailed among the majority of respondents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This survey highlights a generally positive perspective on AI among laboratory professionals in Albania, alongside a strong interest in AI education. According to the survey respondents, strengthening digital infrastructure and promoting training programs will be essential for AI integration in laboratory medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"326-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicians' Perspectives on the Impact of a Ransomware Attack on a Chemical Pathology Laboratory at a Tertiary Hospital in South Africa.","authors":"Ameerah Davids, Aaqilah Fataar, Asande Zama, Zakeeya Kadwa, Craig J Andrews, Mikayla N Morris, Thumeka P Jalavu, Elsie C Kruger, Annalise E Zemlin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore clinicians' experiences during a ransomware attack at a public academic hospital in South Africa and assess the perceived impact of chemical pathology laboratory service disruptions on patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September and December 2024. An electronic questionnaire was distributed to clinicians to gather data on their experiences during the ransomware attack, including impacts on patient care and workload. To assess changes in test requesting practices during this period, volume data for both critical (creatinine) and non-critical (vitamin B12) tests from routine annual laboratory reports were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 58 respondents, 84% reported increased stress levels, while 78% indicated delayed diagnoses during this period. Laboratory test volumes decreased during the attack period compared to previous years, with reductions of 26.8% for creatinine and 34.1% for vitamin B12 tests. Clinicians primarily struggled with result retrieval and reported substantial disruptions to patient care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into clinicians' perspectives on the impact of a laboratory ransomware attack. The findings highlight the critical need for investment in both cybersecurity infrastructure and comprehensive contingency planning to safeguard patient safety and minimise disruptions during future cyber incidents.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>This study addresses how ransomware attacks disrupt and impact clinician workflow in resource-limited hospital settings. Medical professionals should develop practical contingency plans for accessing and managing essential laboratory data during cybersecurity incidents to minimise care disruptions. The most significant finding was the dual impact of technical service disruption alongside pronounced clinician psychological stress, creating a compounded effect on healthcare delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"268-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two analytical methods for HbA1c determination: HPLC ADAMS™ (ARKRAY A1c HA-8180T) versus CAPILLARYS 3 OCTA® (Sebia) capillary electrophoresis system.","authors":"Nisma Douzi, Oussama Grari, Imad-Eddine El Khamlichi, Soufiane Beyyoudh, Dounia El Moujtahide, El-Houcine Sebbar, Mohammed Choukri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HbA1c is a valuable indicator for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of diabetic patients. Our study aims to compare two methods of measuring HbA1c: capillary electrophoresis on the CAPILLARYS 3 OCTA ® (Sebia) with HPLC ADAMS™ (ARKRAY A1c HA-8180T) used routinely in our laboratory, to avoid any discrepancies in patient monitoring in case of changes in the HbA1c measurement method. A total of 103 blood samples from adult patients received at the laboratory have been analyzed in parallel, singly, on both machines. The results show a good correlation between the two systems with a correlation coefficient of 0.991. The Bland and Altman difference diagram shows that the average bias between ADAMS A1c™ and CAPILLARYS 3 OCTA ® is 2.087 mmol/mol (95% CI: 1.7357 to 2.4390 mmol/mol) in IFCC units and 0.19% (95% CI: 0.1602 to 0.2262%) in the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) units, and that out of all the patients studied, only four had values outside the limits of the difference diagram. The latter shows a uniform dispersion of values across all the analyzed measurements, with over 95% of the differences between measurements falling within the range [-1.43; 5.61 mmol/mol] or [-0.14; 0.52%]. These results enable us to confirm the reliable transferability between the two techniques without compromising accuracy. Both machines can therefore be used interchangeably or as backup, ensuring homogeneous patient monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"319-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypophosphatasia with Coexisting Endocrinopathies: A Diagnostic Dilemma.","authors":"Anil K Chokkalla, Niyutchai Chaithongdi, Megan Bell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult-onset hypophosphatasia presents a diagnostic challenge due to confounding clinical and analytical factors. Although rare, the consequence of missed diagnosis is significant, as it can potentiate skeletal mineralization defects. Despite the recent development of diagnostic criteria, integration into routine clinical practice remains limited, partly due to the variable course of disease progression. Effective management often requires a multidisciplinary team, including rheumatologists, orthopedic surgeons, endocrinologists, medical geneticists, dentists, physical and occupational therapists, pain specialists and clinical biochemists. Here, we present a case of adult-onset autosomal dominant hypophosphatasia, where diagnosis was complicated by coexisting endocrine disorders, Addison's disease and primary hypothyroidism. Persistently decreased alkaline phosphatase activity had been observed for over a decade and were initially attributed to hypothyroidism. However, an endocrinologist's clinical suspicion led to genetic testing, confirming hypophosphatasia. Although the patient exhibited no additional symptoms such as premature tooth loss, osteopenia, or osteoporosis, this incidental finding prompted a referral to medical genetics, carrier screening to support family planning, and cascade testing for family members.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"379-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of D-dimer Measurement Values Using Quantum Dots Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Assay and Latex-Enhanced Immunoturbidimetric Assay.","authors":"Alif Ainudin, Ferdy Royland Marpaung, Paulus Budiono Notopuro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product, is widely used in the diagnosis of thrombotic disorders and in clinical decision-making. Quantum dots (QDs) fluorescence immunochromatography has emerged as a rapid method for detecting protein biomarkers; however, comparative data with the established latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A laboratory-based method comparison study was conducted using 80 consecutively collected plasma samples from patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya. D-dimer levels were measured using a QDs fluorescence immunochromatography assay (QD-S2000, Vazyme, China) and a latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay (Sysmex CS-2500, Sysmex Corporation, Japan).Correlation and agreement between methods were assessed using Spearman correlation analysis and Bland-Altman plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 80 samples (60% female, 40% male), a very strong correlation was observed between the two methods (Spearman r = 0.951, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated good agreement, with most data points falling within the 95% limits of agreement. Although the QDs fluorescence immunochromatography method consistently produced higher absolute D-dimer values, both assays showed comparable trends across the measurement range.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>QDs fluorescence immunochromatography and the latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay demonstrated strong correlation and acceptable agreement in D-dimer measurement. Despite yielding higher absolute values, the QDs-based method showed consistent performance, supporting its potential as a reliable and rapid alternative for clinical D-dimer assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"281-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimized method for setting Internal Quality Control targets (mean and limits) for multi-instrument Internal Quality Control strategies in hematology?","authors":"Tony Badrick, Mathieu Bernard, Lionel Tabard, Jean-Marc Giannoli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Internal Quality Control (IQC) procedures must evolve as laboratory practices change to meet the requirements of higher patient volumes and the greater need for comparability of results across laboratories. This study developed a strategy to detect significant errors in routine hematology analytical processes using a novel approach to setting IQC material targets (mean and limits) across multiple instruments. This has not been described for hematology laboratories before.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>The approach described used a common IQC sample mean and limits determined from a manufacturer-based peer group using the same IQC material. The limits involved a new parameter, the random error of the peer group analyzers around their own mean (SD_intra90), to detect bias or imprecision. The model was assessed over five months using 17 analyzers that measured hemoglobin and red cell count. Using a common mean requires that the different analyzers exhibit no significant bias.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The model effectively controls analytical error in a network of laboratories using the same measurement system. This model aligns with the best theoretical principles for patient risk reduction and harmonizes practices for acceptance and rejection across the network.</p><p><strong>Outlook: </strong>The model presents an approach to IQC that meets the demands of real-world practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"306-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Trimester-Specific Reference Intervals for TSH and Thyroid Hormones in Pregnant Women living in Oran, Western Algeria.","authors":"Assia Besbes, Belkacem Chafi, Houria Messid Bouziane Meflah, Kheira Meriem Arabi, Mourad Nachi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The thyroid gland undergoes physiological changes during pregnancy, leading to variations in reference intervals (RIs) for TSH and free thyroid hormones across the different trimesters. To ensure accurate interpretation of these tests, the American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends the use of trimester-specific and population-based reference intervals. The aim of our study was: to establish trimester-specific reference intervals of TSH, FT3, and FT4 in pregnant women living in Oran western Algeria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The reference intervals were established accordingly to the CLSI guideline (EP28-A3c ). The study included 401 apparently healthy pregnant women, classified as follows: 120 in the first trimester, 154 in the second trimester, and 127 in the third trimester. Reference subjects were selected based on NACB exclusion criteria. Hormone assays were performed using the Roche Cobas e411 analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The established RIs corresponding to the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were in the First, Second and Third trimester for TSH: 0.25-3.57 mIU/L, 0.15-3.43 mIU/L,0.57-4.23 mIU/L, FT4 : 11.41-20 pmol/L, 10.56-18 pmol/L, 9.43-17.54 pmol/L, and FT3 : 3.16-7.02 pmol/L, 3.02-7.54 pmol/L, 3.2-7.37 pmol/L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the absence of population-specific reference intervals for TSH and thyroid hormones in our country, establishing such values represents a significant advancement, enabling more accurate diagnosis and improved management of thyroid disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"288-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nationwide Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices regarding Reference Interval Utilization in Clinical Laboratories in Nepal.","authors":"Vivek Pant, Santosh Pradhan, Dipesh Tamrakar, Anuradha Kadel, Nikita Kharal, Tony Badrick","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reference intervals (RIs) are critical for accurate clinical decision-making, yet many laboratories rely on manufacturer-provided RIs without local validation. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of clinical laboratories in Nepal regarding RI utilization, highlighting challenges and opportunities for standardization in alignment with ISO 15189:2022 accreditation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationwide cross-sectional KAP survey was conducted among 56 laboratory professionals. Data were collected via an online questionnaire, covering demographics, RI knowledge, current practices, challenges, and attitudes toward national standardization. Descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square, Fisher's exact tests) were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While 71.4% of respondents correctly defined RIs as the 2.5th-97.5th percentiles, 28.6% held misconceptions. Most laboratories relied on manufacturer-provided RIs (87.5%) or published literature (67.9%). Key challenges to derive one's own RI included method variability and recruiting reference individuals. Accredited labs (ISO 15189) demonstrated better knowledge of RI (93.3% vs. 63.4%, p=0.032) and higher confidence in using current RI (26.7% vs. 7.3%, p=0.047). Strong interest existed in national RI standardization (92.9%) and training (85.7% preferred hands-on workshops).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This survey of higher tier clinical laboratories in Nepal reveals that while these laboratories generally understand the importance of reference intervals, significant gaps in practice and standardization remain. The findings highlight an urgent need for inclusive strategies that also address the unique constraints of smaller, widespread laboratories, which perform a large proportion of routine testing in the country. The intense interest in a national program presents an opportunity to improve. Multicenter studies and RI validation integration into accreditation are needed to improve diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"219-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Free Testosterone and DHEA-S with Dyslipidemia in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome- a case-control study.","authors":"K Lavanya, N Palaniappan, Santhi Silambanan, V M Vinodhini, Mahesh Kumar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multisystem disorder presenting with menstrual irregularities, infertility, and features of hyperandrogenism. Hyperandrogenism predisposes to the critical clinical features of PCOS. This find aimed to study the association of androgenic hormones such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and free testosterone with lipid profile in PCOS women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. Patients were recruited from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Participants were aged 18-40 years. Blood samples were collected for analysis of lipid profile, DHEA-S, and free testosterone. DHEA-S and free testosterone were analyzed by ELISA. Ethics approval and written informed consent were obtained. Based on the distribution of the data, appropriate statistical tools were used. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the participants were aged between 21 and 30 years. HDL-c was decreased in PCOS patients compared to healthy individuals; however, no statistically significant difference was found. Free testosterone showed an association with triglyceride. The areas under the curves of DHEA-S and free testosterone were 0.638 and 0.765, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DHEA-S and free testosterone showed good area under the curves. But free testosterone performed better with a higher area under the curve as well as its association with triglyceride. The cut-off values to diagnose PCOS were 3.0 μg/mL and 2.5 pg/mL for DHEA-S and free testosterone, respectively, with adequate sensitivity and specificity. Since free testosterone performed better in ROC curve than DHEA-S, free testosterone is considered to be a potential biomarker of identifying hyperandrogenism in PCOS women.</p>","PeriodicalId":37192,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine","volume":"37 2","pages":"211-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}