Atmospheric Environment: X最新文献

{"title":"High-resolution multi-pollutant mapping in Denver, Colorado","authors":"Priyanka deSouza ,&nbsp;Benjamin Crawford ,&nbsp;John L. Durant ,&nbsp;Neelakshi Hudda ,&nbsp;Peter Ibsen ,&nbsp;Christian L'Orange ,&nbsp;Jose Jimenez ,&nbsp;Brady Graeber ,&nbsp;Brendan Cicione ,&nbsp;Ruth Mekonnen ,&nbsp;Saadhana Purushothama ,&nbsp;Ralph Kahn ,&nbsp;Patrick L. Kinney ,&nbsp;John Volckens","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterizing traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs), which significantly impact health, and greenhouse gases (GHGs) can be challenging in urban environments. Mobile monitoring has the potential to capture the spatial distribution of these pollutants. We present results from a campaign using the Denver Mobile Monitoring Laboratory (DMML) in the summer of 2023 when we measured ultrafine particles (UFPs), black carbon (BC), ozone (O₃), methane (CH₄)_, and carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations in Denver, CO. Despite our campaign being brief, we obtained several interesting results. We observed elevated UFP and BC concentrations on major roads. In contrast, O₃ concentrations were higher on neighborhood streets and roads and in the industrial neighborhood of Commerce City. We consistently observed elevated CH₄ concentrations (&gt;2.5 ppm) on highway I-70, suggesting the presence of a previously unknown major source of CH₄. The CH₄ concentrations measured in our campaign did not align with those from an overlapping aerial campaign, suggesting that mobile monitoring is crucial to capture important, potentially intermittent CH₄ hotspots in cities. We evaluated if trees mitigated pollution concentrations, as planting trees is a key policy initiative of the city of Denver. We observed significant negative associations between tree canopy coverage and UFPs, BC, and CH₄, and a positive association with O₃ when using linear mixed-effects regression models. Our work highlights the importance of investigating the role of tree canopy coverage to mitigate TRAPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of PM source profiles identified by different techniques and the potential of utilizing single-particle analysis data in source apportionment","authors":"M. Manousakas ,&nbsp;J. Rausch ,&nbsp;D. Jaramillo-Vogel ,&nbsp;K.S. Schneider-Beltran ,&nbsp;A. Alastuey ,&nbsp;J-L. Jaffrezo ,&nbsp;G. Uzu ,&nbsp;S. Perseguers ,&nbsp;N. Schnidrig ,&nbsp;A.S.H. Prevot ,&nbsp;K.R. Daellenbach","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the consistency between the chemical composition of source profiles retrieved by positive matrix factorization (PMF), which is based on bulk chemical analysis, and the composition of a large data set of individual particles from real-world environmental samples. Since PMF derives source profiles from the average chemical composition of many particles, it is crucial to assess how well these profiles reflect the actual composition of particles originating from individual sources. To address this, we compare PMF-based source apportionment of coarse particulate matter (PM_coarse) with Automated Single-Particle Analysis (ASPA) using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and a machine-learning based particle classification. Both methods identified at least four major PM_coarse sources—mineral dust, non-exhaust vehicle emissions, biological particles, and road salt—across urban and rural environments in Switzerland. The elemental composition of these sources determined by PMF was compared with ASPA-derived compositions of analogous particle types. The results indicate that while PMF effectively captures key source characteristics, single-particle analysis provides a more detailed representation of source-specific chemical compositions alongside morpho-textural features. ASPA also facilitated the identification and quantification of elements not detected in bulk analysis, such as oxygen and silica, improving overall PM characterization. A sensitivity test using a single-location subset demonstrated that incorporating ASPA-derived profiles into PMF enhances source differentiation, particularly for small data sets. These findings demonstrate the utility of single-particle analysis as an independent approach for constraining and validating the chemical composition of source profiles, thereby providing a means to enhance and validate source apportionment outcomes derived from bulk analysis methods such as PMF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approach to culturable bioaerosols and their environmental drivers at a border site in the northwestern Amazon","authors":"Lizeth Russy-Velandia ,&nbsp;Omar Ramírez ,&nbsp;Jaime Barrera ,&nbsp;Sebastián Mendoza-Téllez ,&nbsp;Harry Álvarez ,&nbsp;María Camila Patiño ,&nbsp;Luis A. Ladino","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study represents the first characterization of culturable bioaerosols, including fungi and bacteria, in the northwestern Amazon region. Sampling was conducted in Guaviare, Colombia, during the seasonal transition from the dry to the wet period in March 2024. The bioaerosol collection device (MAS-100 Eco impactor) was positioned 7 m above ground level to minimize the influence of soil particle resuspension and ensure a reliable assessment of bioaerosols. Results showed that fungal concentrations (642 CFU/m³) were significantly higher than bacterial concentrations (228 CFU/m³). Humidity significantly influenced the morning peak levels of these microbes (p &lt; 0.05). Fungal communities were predominantly composed of <em>Schizophyllum commune</em> and <em>Penicillium herquei</em>, while bacterial communities were predominantly composed of <em>Arthrobacter</em> sp., <em>Exiguobacterium</em> sp., and <em>Stenotrophomonas pavani</em>. The microbial community composition varied temporally throughout the day, with Firmicutes (56.4 %) and Ascomycota (53.7 %) predominating. Notably, human-associated species such as <em>Staphylococcus saprophyticus</em> were present. Air mass trajectory analysis using the HYSPLIT model indicated that 49.5 % of sampled air originated from the northeastern plains of Colombia and Venezuela, while 36.2 % came from the southeastern Brazilian Amazon. These findings suggest that airborne microbial communities in the northwestern Amazon are shaped by regional air masses and local environmental conditions, reflecting both natural and anthropogenic influences. This study establishes a baseline for employing bioaerosols as bioindicators of ecological fragmentation and highlights the need to expand biomonitoring networks to track microbial diversity spatially and temporally in this vital biome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling sesquiterpene emissions in dominant trees of a Brazilian Atlantic Forest remnant","authors":"Bruno Ruiz Brandão da Costa ,&nbsp;Fernanda Anselmo-Moreira ,&nbsp;Alex Nascimento ,&nbsp;Giselle da Silva Pedrosa ,&nbsp;Eduardo Luís Martins Catharino ,&nbsp;Agnès Borbon ,&nbsp;Adalgiza Fornaro ,&nbsp;Cláudia Maria Furlan ,&nbsp;Silvia Ribeiro de Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the significance of the Atlantic Forest, little is known about the biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from its tree species. This study aimed to characterize sesquiterpene (SQT) emissions from ten dominant species in a forest remnant near São Paulo, Brazil, using a dynamic enclosure system and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 24 SQTs were annotated, including seven oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OSQTs). Emissions ranged from undetectable in <em>Luehea divaricata</em> to 277.54 ng gDM⁻¹ h⁻¹ in <em>Alchornea sidifolia</em>. Hierarchical clustering grouped species into four clusters based on emission intensity and chemical diversity: (1) high emission with low chemical diversity (<em>A. sidifolia</em>), (2) moderate-to-high emission with high diversity (<em>Machaerium brasiliense</em> and <em>Allophylus edulis</em>), (3) moderate emission with low (<em>Guarea macrophylla</em>) to moderate diversity (<em>Machaerium nyctitans</em>, <em>Lithraea molleoides,</em> and <em>Casearia sylvestris</em>), and (4) low emissions and low (<em>Pittosporum undulatum</em>) to moderate diversity (<em>Nectandra barbellata</em>), or undetectable emissions (<em>Luehea divaricata</em>). Most species predominantly emitted α-copaene, β-caryophyllene, or α-cubebene, each linked to defensive/ecological functions like herbivore deterrence and antimicrobial activity. Species with high β-caryophyllene emissions (<em>A. edulis</em>, <em>L. molleoides</em>) or OSQT diversity (<em>A. sidifolia</em>, <em>M. brasiliense, M. nyctitans</em>) emerged as promising candidates for bioprospecting. Conversely, from a SQT-emission perspective, low-emitting species (<em>N. barbellata</em>, <em>P. undulatum</em>, and <em>L. divaricata</em>) represent suitable potential candidates for urban greening due to their limited contribution to secondary pollutant formation. These findings provide a foundation for future BVOC research in the Atlantic Forest and support the strategic selection and application of species based on their SQT emission profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal characteristics on the ammonia emissions of a typical large-scale pig farm in the Yangtze River Delta, China","authors":"Nan Shan ,&nbsp;Shunzhe Wei ,&nbsp;Yifan Fan ,&nbsp;Yi Tong ,&nbsp;Chuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoshan Hu ,&nbsp;Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Wenlin Wang ,&nbsp;Nan Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia (NH₃) is a key PM_2.5 precursor that significantly contributes to haze formation and air quality degradation. Livestock farming accounts for more than 50 % of China's annual NH₃ emissions, and large-scale pig farms represent a major anthropogenic source. However, the current systematic knowledge of NH₃ emissions characteristics from large-scale pig farms is still deficient, and there are insufficient studies localized for China. We conducted year-round intensive monitoring of NH₃ emissions from a representative large-scale pig farm in the Yangtze River Delta to quantify the interactions between growth stage and season. In terms of seasonal variation, NH₃ emissions peaked in summer at 3.95 kg NH₃·year⁻¹·head⁻¹ and were lowest in winter at 1.53 kg NH₃·year⁻¹·head⁻¹. For the growth stages, we found that the average annual emission factors for piglet houses, nursery houses, fattening houses, gestation houses, and farrowing houses (with some piglets included) were 0.24, 0.84, 1.83, 3.55, and 5.61 kg NH₃·year⁻¹·head⁻¹. In addition, this study found that temperature was the key driver of NH₃ emissions (mean Spearman's <em>r</em> = 0.66, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), whereas the overall correlation for humidity was weaker, with emissions significantly suppressed only in winter when ventilation was inadequate (average <em>r</em> = 0.49, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Based on local conditions, the farm-level annual NH₃ emission factor was determined to be 2.45 kg NH₃·year⁻¹·head⁻¹, highlighting the critical summer period for targeted mitigation. These findings provide a scientific basis for refining regional emission inventories and for developing stage- and season-specific abatement strategies that support PM2.5 control and the sustainable transformation of intensive pig production in the Yangtze River Delta.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary organic aerosol from biomass burning intermediates induced significant oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells","authors":"Jialiang Feng ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Fang Zhou ,&nbsp;Long Jia ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Li ,&nbsp;Zechen Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Zhu ,&nbsp;Xi Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianchen Qin ,&nbsp;Jinyitao Wang ,&nbsp;Shunyao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenol and methoxyphenols are key semi-volatile compounds released from biomass burning with great potential in forming secondary organic aerosol (SOA), threatening global climate and public health. However, the underlying toxicity mechanisms of SOA from biomass burning (BBSOA) remain poorly understood. A detailed examination of the chemical composition and <em>in vitro</em> exposure were performed to comprehensively understand the oxidative stress effects of BBSOA on human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. Oxidative damage and inflammatory responses of the cells following exposure to SOA from phenol (PSOA), guaiacol (GSOA), and syringol (SSOA) were evaluated. Exposure to BBSOA resulted in a noticeable reduction in cell viability, marked by a significantly increased apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells. Flow cytometry and confocal image analysis revealed significant increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating mitochondrial stress <em>in vitro</em>. The oxidative stress effect from PSOA was observed to be the most significant among all the three types of BBSOA. Using PSOA as a model system, RT-qPCR and RNA-sequencing confirmed that BBSOA induces the upregulation of typical oxidative stress genes, such as <em>NQO1,</em> <em>HMOX1</em><em>, and ALDH1A3,</em> resulting in cell death. From acellular oxidative potential to cellular transcriptomic level, this work provided direct evidence on the oxidative stress effects from BBSOA, highlighting the health impacts of secondary biomass burning aerosol during regional transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of heterogeneous vehicle carbon dioxide emission trajectories using integrated vehicle, road, travel, and environmental data","authors":"Hui Ding ,&nbsp;Hui Gao ,&nbsp;Yonghong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individual vehicle travel carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission (CE) trajectories were crucial for targeting high-emitters for precise control and guiding low-carbon travel. Variations in CE arise from vehicle performance, traffic conditions, and trip purposes. Using real Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) data and integrating multi-source vehicle, road, trip, and environmental data, this study proposed an \"Identification-Calculation-Evaluation\" framework to quantify and analyze city-scale full-individual vehicle CE trajectories. A case in Xuancheng, China, was conducted and revealed spatiotemporal CE heterogeneity. The results showed that approximately 50 % of CE was contributed by the top 5 % of high-emission vehicles, exhibiting a significant “Pareto Principle”. Among the top 5 % of high-emission vehicles, LPC-gasoline (57 % of vehicles, 40 % of CE), HDT-diesel (32 %, 42 %), and Taxi-gasoline (5 %, 12 %) were the main contributors. Their daily CE trajectory ranges were [0, 6] kg, [0, 15] kg, and [0, 8] kg, respectively. Taxi-gasoline and HDT-diesel exhibit more individual variation. Peak-time CE trajectories on these Top 5 % vehicles were 2–6 times higher than off-peak. For LPC-gasoline and Taxi-gasoline, over 60 % of CE occurred during congestion links. Peak times of CE trajectories occurred around 7:00 and 17:00 on a day, with spatial hotspots predominantly concentrated in urban core areas. Notably, Taxi-gasoline vehicles exhibited more clustered hotspots. HDT-diesel CE trajectories peaked earlier (6:00–7:00), with hotspots distributed along major urban corridors, and CE was 1–3 times higher than in ordinary areas. This study provided precise support for low-carbon traffic governance, and the framework could be extended to other cities to inform carbon reduction strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of on-road CO2 emissions with high spatio-temporal resolution implementing multilayer perceptron","authors":"Hao Yang ,&nbsp;Kuang Xiao ,&nbsp;Xing Xiang ,&nbsp;Xing Wang ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Yunsong Du ,&nbsp;Guangming Shi ,&nbsp;Xin Zheng ,&nbsp;Hongli Tao ,&nbsp;Huanbo Wang ,&nbsp;Fumo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On-road carbon emissions represent a significant portion of transportation emissions in China and are a critical focus for future carbon reduction efforts. High spatio-temporal resolution emission inventories are vital for facilitating dynamic carbon reduction in cities. This study employs the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model to simulate variations in road traffic volume at the segment level and predict on-road CO₂ emissions with high spatio-temporal resolution. The results demonstrate that this method can effectively reproduce the spatio-temporal distribution of on-road traffic, with R² exceeding 0.6 for most road types and overall RMSE of 88 vehicles/h, respectively. Applied in Chengdu's Jinniu District, southwestern China, results show CO₂ emissions peak during morning (7–9 a.m.) and evening (16–18 p.m.) commutes, concentrated on main roads. Morning peaks are lower but grow faster than evening peaks. CO₂ emissions significantly increase on holidays and weekends with moderate temperatures and no or light rain. These insights support urban dynamic carbon reduction planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of compact and useful PM2.5 instrument with gas sensors in Japan and Thailand","authors":"Humm Kham Zan Zan Aung ,&nbsp;Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon ,&nbsp;Jiaru Li ,&nbsp;Yosuke Sakamoto ,&nbsp;Kentaro Murano ,&nbsp;Narin Boontanon ,&nbsp;Yoshizumi Kajii","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sophisticated standard instruments are not always available for high-density multipoint air quality observations owing to their relatively high cost, large size, and high-power consumption. Low-cost sensors may be used as supportive or potential solutions for atmospheric observations. This study aimed to evaluate applicability of the compact and useful PM_2.5 instrument with gas sensors (CUPI-G), which can measure real-time temperature, humidity, particulate matter (PM_2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and oxidant, O_x (O₃+NO₂), and to observe the respective air pollution patterns in the suburban areas of developed and developing countries, selected as Japan and Thailand, respectively. The CUPI-G was validated with collocated standard instruments at both sites using a mathematical correction method to improve reproducibility before observation. Air quality observations were conducted for two weeks respectively from June 1^st to June 14^th, 2022, in Kyoto City, Japan and from October 28^th to November 12^th, 2022, in Nong Khaem District, Bangkok Province, Thailand, using CUPI-G. In Japan, applicability of the CUPI-G revealed different correlations, r = −0.30 to 0.89 with data from the nearest air monitoring station. In Thailand, it achieved strong correlations, r = 0.71 to 0.82 with the results of the nearest station. This study revealed the applicability performance, aiding future deployment of the CUPI-G and corresponding air pollution characteristics at observatories. Our results suggest a better performance of CUPI-G at polluted sites and recommend its use in developing countries having less-developed sites with lack of routine measurement equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Area source emissions: a validation study of CALPUFF and LAPMOD models","authors":"Francesca Tagliaferri,&nbsp;Alessandra Rota,&nbsp;Marzio Invernizzi","doi":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dispersion models are essential for predicting pollutant behavior in the atmosphere, but discrepancies between models can introduce uncertainties. Validating models with real data is crucial to ensuring accuracy. Previous studies have highlighted differences between CALPUFF and the particle model LAPMOD: while both yield relatively similar results for point sources, significant discrepancies arise for area sources. This study assesses the performance of both models using experimental datasets. The analysis shows that CALPUFF estimates higher concentrations than LAPMOD and performs better against observed values, meeting all validation criteria. LAPMOD is less consistent, with a non-optimal FAC2 and high VG due to outliers caused by receptor arrangement. However, both models align well with experimental data under ideal conditions. In conclusion, CALPUFF proves more reliable, whereas LAPMOD, despite its tendency to underestimate, provides useful results once outliers are excluded.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37150,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment: X","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}