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Moving Beyond the Individualist Paradigm? Risse and Wollner on Non-agential Exploitation 超越个人主义范式?Risse和Wollner论非代理剥削
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0005
K. Heðinsdóttir
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引用次数: 0
Trade, Exploitation, and the Problem of Unequal Opportunity Costs 贸易、剥削和机会成本不平等问题
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2020-0029
A. Cassee
{"title":"Trade, Exploitation, and the Problem of Unequal Opportunity Costs","authors":"A. Cassee","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2020-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2020-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper assesses the ‘power-induced failure of reciprocity’ account of exploitation in the domain of trade. I argue that its proponents face a dilemma. Either the cost variable of reciprocity is understood to include opportunity costs. Then, the account implausibly implies that those with more valuable outside options should get a larger part of the overall benefits of cooperation. Or the cost variable is understood to exclude opportunity costs. Then, the account has awkward implications in cases where direct costs and opportunity costs are substitutable. To evade this dilemma, the account could be amended to include a hypothetical baseline that equalizes opportunity costs. But then, the account ceases to be isolationist. Whether a cooperative interaction counts as exploitative is no longer independent of moral considerations about distributions outside the domain of trade.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"14 1","pages":"31 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86879430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Trade and Exploitation 论贸易与剥削
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0013
Pietro Maffettone
{"title":"On Trade and Exploitation","authors":"Pietro Maffettone","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this essay I critically engage with Mathias Risse and Gabriel Wollner’s book On Trade Justice: A Philosophical Plea for a New Global Deal. I sketch their general view of the concept of exploitation and of trade exploitation more specifically. I then suggest that, contra Risse and Wollner, exploitation belongs to non-ideal theory. In addition, I argue that Risse and Wollner have not shown that the WTO is exploitative, and argue that their account of fair wages suffers from a number of weaknesses both on the cost and contribution sides.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"38 1","pages":"125 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90308642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frontmatter
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-frontmatter2
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-frontmatter2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-frontmatter2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88554872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Egalitarian Trade Justice 平等的贸易公正
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-09-28 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0031
James Christensen
{"title":"Egalitarian Trade Justice","authors":"James Christensen","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article begins by distinguishing between two approaches to egalitarian trade justice – the explicative approach and the applicative approach – and notes that the former has been used to defend conclusions that are less strongly egalitarian than those defended by advocates of the latter. The article then engages with the primary explicative account of trade egalitarianism – that offered by Aaron James – and argues that its egalitarian conclusions are unduly minimalistic. The aim of the article is not to criticize the explicative approach, but rather to show that the arguments and commitments of its best-known defender – James – either fail to rule out, or in fact positively support, more robustly egalitarian conclusions.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"119 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77952557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What the Trade Pioneers Missed: Money 贸易先驱们错过了什么:钱
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0006
A. James
{"title":"What the Trade Pioneers Missed: Money","authors":"A. James","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Matias Risse and Gabriel Wollner’s On Trade Justice largely neglects the role of money and central banking in ‘trade fairness.’ This article rehearses why J. M. Keynes thought money and global central banking matters for national capacity, and suggests that this helps answer Risse and Wollner’s chief objection to Aaron James’s Fairness in Practice.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"10 1","pages":"89 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73666627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combining Philosophical and Democratic Capability Lists 结合哲学和民主能力清单
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0001
Sebastian Östlund
{"title":"Combining Philosophical and Democratic Capability Lists","authors":"Sebastian Östlund","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Political practices often aim to reach valuable outcomes through democratic processes. However, philosophical considerations and democratic deliberations sometimes support different conclusions about what a valuable outcome would be. This paper contributes to a research agenda that aims to reconcile recommendations that follow from these different bases. The setting for this research agenda is capabilitarian. It affirms the idea that what we should distribute are substantive freedoms to be and do things that people have reason to value. Disagreements about these valuable outcomes become particularly problematic in urgent situations such as pandemics, floods, and wildfires. These situations are urgent since they are time-sensitive and involve an impending loss of well-being. A method of compromise would help mitigate losses of well-being while respecting the aim of reaching valuable outcomes through democratic processes. I thus offer an equitable and decisive method of compromise that helps integrate philosophical considerations with democratic deliberations.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"62 1","pages":"185 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84055514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploitation, Trade Justice, and Corporate Obligations 剥削、贸易公正和公司义务
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-09-06 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0009
Brian Berkey
{"title":"Exploitation, Trade Justice, and Corporate Obligations","authors":"Brian Berkey","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In On Trade Justice, Risse and Wollner defend an account of trade justice on which the central requirement, applying to both states and firms, is a requirement of non-exploitation. On their view, trade exploitation consists in ‘power-induced failure of reciprocity’, which generates an unfair distribution of the benefits and burdens associated with trade relationships. In this paper, I argue that while there are many appealing features of Risse and Wollner’s account, their discussion does not articulate and develop the unified picture of states’ and firms’ obligations that they aim to provide as clearly as it might have. In particular, it is, I claim, unclear exactly how they understand the relationship between the fairness-based requirements that apply to states and those that apply to firms. I argue that there are two types of accounts that they might accept: a transactional account and a structural account. I offer reasons to think that there are reasons to prefer a structural account. In addition, I note some of the key implications of accepting such an account, and suggest that if Risse and Wollner accept these implications and revise other aspects of their view accordingly, the result is a plausible and unified account of what trade justice requires.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"102 1","pages":"11 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75834921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Trade Justice, Power and Institutions – Some Questions for Risse and Wollner 贸易正义、权力和制度——给里塞和沃尔纳的几个问题
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0017
O. Suttle
{"title":"On Trade Justice, Power and Institutions – Some Questions for Risse and Wollner","authors":"O. Suttle","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While Risse and Wollner make an important contribution to theorising global justice and trade, I identify certain concerns with their approach and suggest an alternative that addresses these. First, I query their emphasis on subjection to the trade regime as a morally salient feature, suggesting their argument trades on an ambiguity, and fails to connect the trade regime, as a trigger, with their preferred account of trade-justice-as-non-exploitation. Second, I examine their treatment of the WTO, how they understand international organisations as inheritors of states’ obligations, and how far an organisation like the WTO can or should be self-consciously reoriented towards justice-as-non-exploitation. Third, I ask how their account is distinct from existing approaches, and whether it makes sense to apply the same conception of justice across diverse agents and institutions. I conclude by sketching an alternative approach, which makes the justification of states’ policies to outsiders the central problem of trade justice.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"108 1","pages":"147 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81698286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When (Not) to Trade with Autocrats: Complicity, Exploitation, and Human Rights 何时(不)与独裁者进行贸易:共谋、剥削和人权
IF 0.6
Moral Philosophy and Politics Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.1515/mopp-2021-0007
Kevin K. W. Ip
{"title":"When (Not) to Trade with Autocrats: Complicity, Exploitation, and Human Rights","authors":"Kevin K. W. Ip","doi":"10.1515/mopp-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mopp-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Transnational trade is at the heart of the global economy. Trade relations often transcend both ideological divides and regime type. Trading with autocratic regimes, however, raises significant moral issues. In their recent book, On Trade Justice, Mathias Risse and Gabriel Wollner argue that trade with autocratic regimes is morally permissible only under a very limited set of circumstances. This article discusses the morally permissible trade policies that liberal democracies ought to adopt toward autocratic regimes. Liberal democracies trading with autocratic regimes have a special obligation to improve the human rights conditions in these regimes. This duty is partly based on their complicity in human rights violations and on the fact that the democracies benefit from these violations in their trading relationships. Their responsibility goes beyond the improvement of labor conditions and requires various strategies such as imposing trade sanctions and export controls, and making trade conditional on human rights performance.","PeriodicalId":37108,"journal":{"name":"Moral Philosophy and Politics","volume":"91 1","pages":"69 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81098341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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