European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X最新文献

{"title":"Vegetarian diet and pregnancy outcome","authors":"Johanna Kristiina Reijonen ,&nbsp;Kati Maaria Hannele Tihtonen ,&nbsp;Tiina Hannele Luukkaala ,&nbsp;Jukka Tapio Uotila","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Vegetarian diets are becoming increasingly popular. Our aim was to evaluate the association of a vegetarian diet with pregnancy, labor, and newborn’s outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This retrospective case-control study included 150 women on a vegetarian diet and 300 omnivores. The data were collected from Tampere University Hospital pregnancy database from January 2015 to April 2021. Diet was a self-reported variable. Outcomes of interest were compared between the groups. The frequency of small-for-gestational age (SGA) newborns and low birth weight were primary outcomes. Other parameters concerning pregnancy, labor, and newborn served as secondary outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The rate of SGA at the 10 % cutoff was lower in the vegetarian group. Based on a definition of two standard deviations, SGA did not differ between the vegetarian diet group and the control group. The median birthweight was significantly higher in the vegetarian group. Gestational diabetes (GDM) was more common in the vegetarian group, however the numbers of large for gestational age (LGA) newborns were comparable between the study groups. Labor induction was more common, and the second stage of labor was longer in the vegetarian group. Preterm births (&lt; 32⁺⁰ and &lt; 37⁺⁰ gestational weeks) were more common in the control group. No differences were found in the mean umbilical artery pH value, 1- and 5- minutes Apgar scores or the number of newborns transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit and neonatal ward. The proportions of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy did not differ between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>According to our results, a vegetarian diet may be considered safe during pregnancy. It was not associated with an increased risk of pregnancy- or neonatal complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid diagnostic technique based on metabolomics to differentiate between preeclampsia (PE) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) using maternal urine","authors":"Boyan Gao ,&nbsp;Xin Lv ,&nbsp;Jingli Hou ,&nbsp;Xu Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Similar clinical manifestations between preeclampsia and chronic kidney diseases can lead to potential misdiagnosis. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate effective diagnostic approaches that can reduce misdiagnosis and ensure the well-being of pregnant women. In this study, urine samples collected from 44 individuals with preeclampsia, 37 individuals with chronic kidney disease, and 37 healthy pregnant women were analyzed using metabolomic and proteomic strategies to distinguish between these two diseases. A total of 15 small molecules were tentatively identified as biomarkers to differentiate these two diseases, including potential internally exposed drugs and their metabolites like labetalol and SN-38, metabolites of exogenous substances like 3-phenylpropyl glucosinolate, and endogenous substances related to metabolism such as isoglobotriaose and chitobiose. Metabolic differences between preeclampsia from healthy pregnant women, as well as the differences between chronic kidney disease and healthy pregnant women were also investigated. Major mechanistic pathways were investigated based on the combination of metabolomic and proteomic, amino acid metabolisms and folate metabolism play key roles in distinguishing preeclampsia and chronic kidney disease. Two patients who were initially diagnosed with chronic kidney disease were found to have a closer association with preeclampsia following metabolomic analysis. Subsequent clinical symptoms and manifestations further supported the diagnosis of preeclampsia, and one of patient's pregnancy was ultimately terminated due to severe preeclampsia. Results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of preeclampsia, offering insights that could potentially improve future diagnostic and management approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate birth weight prediction from fetal biometry using the Gompertz model","authors":"Chandrani Kumari ,&nbsp;Gautam I. Menon ,&nbsp;Leelavati Narlikar ,&nbsp;Uma Ram ,&nbsp;Rahul Siddharthan","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Monitoring of fetal growth and estimation of birth weight is of clinical importance. During pregnancy, ultrasound fetal biometry values including femur length, head circumference, abdominal circumference, biparietal diameter are measured and used to place fetuses on “growth charts”. There is no simple growth-model-based, predictive formula in use for fetal biometry. Estimation of fetal weight at birth currently depends on ultrasound data taken a short time before birth.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Our cohort (“Seethapathy cohort”) consists of ultrasound biometry measurements and other data for 774 pregnant women in Chennai, India, 2015–2017. We use the Gompertz model, a standard model for constrained growth, with just three intuitive parameters, to model the growth of fetal biometry, and a machine learning (ML) model trained on these parameters to predict birth weight (BW).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Gompertz model convincingly fits the growth of fetal biometry values. Two Gompertz parameters—<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> (inflection time) and <span><math><mi>c</mi></math></span> (rate of decrease of growth rate)—seem universal to all fetuses, while the third, <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span>, is an overall scale specific to each fetus, capturing individual variation. On the Seethapathy cohort we can infer <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> for each fetus from ultrasound data available by the 24 or 35 weeks. Our ML model predicts birth weight with &lt; 8 % error, outperforming published methods that have access to late-term ultrasound data. The same model gives an 8.4 % error in BW prediction on an independent validation cohort of 365 women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Gompertz model fits fetal biometry growth and enables birth weight estimation without need of late-term ultrasounds. Aside from its clinical predictive value, we suggest its use for future growth standards, with almost all variation described by a single scale parameter <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of patients with heterotopic pregnancy after laparoscopic surgery","authors":"Wei-wei Ma,&nbsp;Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Ya Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This retrospective study aims to analyze laparoscopic surgical management and clinical consequences of patients with heterotopic pregnancy (HP) who underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and laparoscopic surgical management.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and pregnancy results of patients with HP who underwent IVF-ET at the Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University between January 2013 and December 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>21 patients were diagnosed with HP, with an average diagnostic period of 49.1 ± 11.1 days. 11 cases (52.4 %) exhibited clinical manifestations such as abdominal pain and vaginal hemorrhage before the surgery, while 10 cases (47.6 %) were asymptomatic prior to diagnosis. All patients underwent laparoscopic surgery, resulting in 8 cases of miscarriage postoperatively (6.15 %), and all 13 neonates showed no anomalies at birth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Laparoscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment, and most patients can achieve satisfactory pregnancy outcomes after surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nationwide adjustment of tocolysis protocol in the Netherlands on neonatal outcomes in women with threatened preterm birth and delivery at 30-32 weeks of gestation: A cohort study","authors":"J.A.L. Meliezer ,&nbsp;L.I. van der Windt ,&nbsp;A.C.J. Ravelli ,&nbsp;W. Onland ,&nbsp;M.A. Oudijk","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In 2019 the Dutch national prevention of preterm birth (PTB) protocol was adjusted to withhold tocolysis for threatened PTB above 30 weeks of gestation due to insufficient evidence regarding its effectiveness on improving perinatal outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate neonatal outcomes of children born in the Netherlands between 30 and 32 weeks of gestation before and after the national protocol change.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We performed a nationwide retrospective cohort study comparing outcomes of births in the years 2018 (tocolysis) and 2020 (no tocolysis). Tocolytic therapy consisted of either nifedipine or atosiban. Data were extracted from the national Perinatal Registry (PERINED). Women with a spontaneous PTB from 30 + 0 to 31 + 6 weeks of gestation were included. The primary outcome was a composite of mortality, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, severe necrotizing enterocolitis, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, and retinopathy of prematurity needing therapy. Secondary outcomes included additional neonatal outcomes. The odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) was calculated by logistic regression analysis for the year 2020 compared with 2018.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Composite neonatal outcome did not differ between 2018 compared to 2020 (8.4 % (18/215) vs 8.2 % (25/306), OR 0.95; 95 % CI 0.51–1.77). No difference in composite neonatal outcome was found when analyzing groups as singletons (7.1 % vs 9.3 %, OR 1.35; 95 % CI 0.64–2.87), and multiples (13.3 % vs 5.9 %, OR 0.41; 95 % CI 0.13–1.26).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There was no significant difference in composite neonatal outcome in pregnancies resulting in spontaneous PTB between 30 and 32 weeks of gestation in 2018 (with tocolysis) compared to 2020 (no tocolysis). These results support the protocol adjustment to withhold tocolytic treatment in women with threatened PTB above 30 weeks of gestation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foeto–Maternal outcomes of pregnancies beyond 41 weeks of gestation after induced or spontaneous labour","authors":"Sahruh Turkmen ,&nbsp;Linnea Binfare","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>It has been suggested that induction of labour before 42 weeks of pregnancy prevents foetal complications. To evaluate the maternal and foetal outcomes of induced and spontaneous labour beyond gestational week 41 + 0.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>We conducted a register-based nationwide cohort study that included pregnant women who were delivered in Sweden in 2016–2021. Women were classified into two groups: induction of labour (IOL) or spontaneous onset of labour (SOL). Maternal and foetal outcomes after IOL in gestational week 41 were compared with SOL in gestational week 41 and 42.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Comparison between the IOL (n = 23,772) and SOL (n = 62,611) groups in gestational weeks 41 showed that various parameters were higher in the IOL group: caesarean deliveries (12.3 % and 4.6 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), vacuum extraction (8.7 % and 6.9 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), blood loss of &gt; 1000 ml during labour (11 % vs 8.3 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The risks were remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounders (caesarean delivery: aOR 2.36; 95 % CI, 2.23–2.50, vacuum delivery: aOR 1.09; 95 % CI, 1.03–1.16, <em>P</em> = 0.002, and blood loss of &gt;1000 ml: aOR 1.25; 95 % CI 1.18–1.31). The proportions of stillbirths (0.07 % and 0.18, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and newborns with apgar scores &lt; 4 at five minutes (0.4 % vs 0.3 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), were also higher in the IOL group. The risk of stillbirth after IOL in gestational week 41 was increased relative to SOL in the same week and remained high after adjusting for potential confounders (aOR 1.75; 95 % CI 1.07–2.80, <em>P</em> = 0.025).</p><p>The IOL group in gestational weeks 41 comprised a higher proportion of caesarean deliveries (12.3 % and 8.5 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), but a lower (8.7 % and 9.7 %, <em>P</em> = 0.006) proportion of deliveries by vacuum extraction than the SOL group (n = 4548) in week 42.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Inducing labour at gestational week 41 in women with prolonged pregnancies may have adverse effects on foetal and maternal outcomes compared to those who experience spontaneous labour onset at the same gestational age. The risk of negative foetal outcomes after induction at week 41 appears similar to that in women who give birth after spontaneous labour at week 42.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161324000590/pdfft?md5=fffdea7e9c6f11f6823fdcca11fcb483&pid=1-s2.0-S2590161324000590-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and placental pathology of intrauterine fetal demise in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines","authors":"Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco ,&nbsp;Michele H. Diwa ,&nbsp;Patrick Michael M. Millagrosa ,&nbsp;Clarissa L. Velayo","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The Philippines has at least 25,000 stillbirth or intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) cases every year. Despite its burden, there is scarce information on IUFD epidemiology in the Philippines. Hence, this study reported the epidemiology and placental pathology of IUFD in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>This cross-sectional study analyzed second- and third-trimester IUFD cases at the Philippine General Hospital from 2012 to 2021. We reviewed maternal sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and evaluated placental pathology. All statistical tests were done with GraphPad Prism software version 8.0.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We recorded 947 (2.28 %) cases of IUFD out of 41,562 obstetric deliveries from 2012 to 2021. Out of 947 IUFD cases, 532 had placental pathology reports. Second-trimester IUFD cases showed higher rates of no antenatal care (42.86 %) compared to third-trimester cases (10.61 %). Hypertensive disorders were more common in third-trimester IUFD. Infarcts (23.34 %), calcifications (4.12 %), and hemorrhages/hematomas (3.00 %) were the most prevalent placental abnormalities. While these abnormalities were more common in third-trimester IUFD, placental and fetal membrane infections like chorioamnionitis were more frequent in second-trimester IUFD.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results highlighted the differences in maternal sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and placental pathology between second- and third-trimester cases of IUFD. These observations revealed distinct pathological processes and potential etiologies contributing to IUFD in the Philippines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161324000589/pdfft?md5=e06329b33a3273bb95a77948f3f134ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2590161324000589-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142128483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal outcomes in indian women with Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS): Five year experience from a tertiary care centre","authors":"Minakshi Rohilla,&nbsp;Mahak Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Vanita Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune thrombophilic condition characterized by obstetric manifestations, including pregnancy loss, preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Early diagnosis and management are key to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this study is to assess the perinatal outcomes in APS, the development of various adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO), and their association with specific antibody profiles.</p></div><div><h3>Material methods</h3><p>This observational study was carried out on booked cases of singleton pregnancy and diagnosed cases of primary APS in our High-Risk Pregnancy (HRP) clinic from January 2018 to December 2022 after approval from institutional ethics committee. Forty-three confirmed cases of primary APS were enrolled and started on low-dose aspirin and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) as per the patient's body weight after confirmation of fetal heart activity radiologically until 36 weeks of gestation as a standard of care.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Forty patients (93 %) had obstetric APS, and three patients (7 %) had thrombotic APS. During the course of the current pregnancy, adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) developed in 12 (30 %) out of 40 cases of obstetric APS and in all 3 patients with thrombotic APS. Preeclampsia was seen in 11 (25.5 %), FGR in 12 (27.9 %), and preterm birth in 7 (16.2 %) cases. Patients with an antibody profile showing the presence of Anti-β2 GP-I positivity and ACL positivity had fewer APOs (20 % and 29 %) in comparison to patients with a LA and triple positive antibody profile (55 % and 50 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Treatment of pregnant women with APS causes significant improvement in the live birth rate. The late pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, FGR, and premature birth, occurring despite treatment still remains a challenge and emphasizes the need for stringent antepartum surveillance and timely delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161324000607/pdfft?md5=85d7e3293ae8c9dc7dc60408a7453e24&pid=1-s2.0-S2590161324000607-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmortem fertilization: New Italian government guidelines affirm the legitimacy of this procedure.","authors":"Emanuela Turillazzi ,&nbsp;Donato Morena ,&nbsp;Matteo Scopetti ,&nbsp;Vittorio Fineschi","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although posthumous reproduction (PHR) is viewed unfavorably by some, it may be a desirable option for subjects whose partners died before they could complete their family planning. With particular regard to posthumous embryo implantation, questions arise regarding the definition of \"conception\" when a couple undergoes in vitro fertilization while both are alive, but the embryo is implanted in a woman's womb after one parent has died. In accordance with Italian Law 40/2004, access to medically assisted reproduction is contingent upon the survival of both partners in a couple. The legislative prohibition remains in effect unless the application of the reproductive technique has already resulted in the formation of embryos, and implantation is permitted to uphold \"the rights of all the subjects involved, including the conceived\", as stated in Article 1 of Law 40/2004. Since the enactment of the legislation, a number of Italian courts have issued rulings on PHR on a case-by-case basis. Recent government guidelines in Italy have sought to balance these considerations, giving due weight to the will of the woman, the potential unborn child, and the previous consent of the donor partner.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161324000577/pdfft?md5=a565b9326437b812692366d1e84972ea&pid=1-s2.0-S2590161324000577-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caesarean section and respiratory system disorders in newborns","authors":"Maryam Yeganegi ,&nbsp;Reza Bahrami ,&nbsp;Sepideh Azizi ,&nbsp;Zahra Marzbanrad ,&nbsp;Nazanin Hajizadeh ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Mirjalili ,&nbsp;Maryam Saeida-Ardekani ,&nbsp;Mohamad Hosein Lookzadeh ,&nbsp;Kamran Alijanpour ,&nbsp;Maryam Aghasipour ,&nbsp;Mohammad Golshan-Tafti ,&nbsp;Mahmood Noorishadkam ,&nbsp;Hossein Neamatzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cesarean section (C-section) delivery is associated with a higher risk of respiratory problems in newborns, particularly if performed electively at 37 weeks. This risk is greater than with spontaneous or induced labor but diminishes as gestation advances. To lower the incidence of respiratory issues in newborns, it is vital to promote natural labor, avoid unnecessary C-sections, and offer thorough prenatal care. Healthcare providers and expectant mothers should assess the risks and benefits of elective C-sections carefully. By advocating for natural labor and reducing unnecessary C-sections, the occurrence of respiratory problems in newborns can be decreased. Adequate prenatal care and monitoring are crucial for identifying and managing potential risk factors for respiratory diseases in newborns. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to educate expectant mothers about the risks of elective C-sections and the advantages of allowing labor to progress naturally. By fostering transparent communication and collaborative decision-making between healthcare providers and pregnant women, well-informed choices can be made that prioritize the health of both the mother and the baby. Furthermore, ongoing research and advancements in medical technology can improve our understanding of how delivery methods affect newborn respiratory health, ultimately leading to better outcomes and care practices in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37085,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590161324000565/pdfft?md5=4a2d8095be80f7ac0c848218b153ef48&pid=1-s2.0-S2590161324000565-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142012264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}