AEM Education and Training最新文献

{"title":"Leadership training in emergency medicine: A national survey","authors":"Shea Palmer PhD,&nbsp;Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye PhD,&nbsp;Gareth Hooper PhD,&nbsp;Aanika Khan MSc,&nbsp;Caroline Leech MD,&nbsp;Amanda Moore PhD,&nbsp;Bhupinder Pawar PhD,&nbsp;Ala Szczepura Dphil(Oxon),&nbsp;Chris Turner MD,&nbsp;Rosie Kneafsey PhD","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.11047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emergency medicine (EM) is a uniquely stressful environment in which leadership training could improve individual and team performance, patient outcomes, well-being, and EM career intentions. The primary aim was to evaluate EM-specific leadership training (EMLeaders) compared to no leadership training. A secondary comparison was with other forms of leadership training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey was distributed to Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) members in England. Three groups were recruited: those who reported receiving EMLeaders training, no training, and other training. Information was collected on group demographics, job roles, responses to 14 leadership knowledge and skills items, well-being at work, and EM career intentions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 417 responders (177 EMLeaders, 148 no training, 92 other training) were largely representative of RCEM members, although the EMLeaders group were at less senior career grades. Although all groups provided generally positive responses, EMLeaders demonstrated more positive ratings for seven of 14 leadership items relative to no training (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05): knowledge about clinical leadership, application of clinical leadership, empowerment to make decisions, managing the emergency department environment, ability to influence the EM environment, confidence in leadership, and confidence in facilitating teams. The other training group demonstrated superior ratings for five of seven of the same items, except empowerment to make decisions and ability to influence the EM environment. Direct comparison of EMLeaders with other training identified ability to influence the EM environment as a unique benefit of EMLeaders (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while knowledge about clinical leadership favored other training (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EMLeaders improved many aspects of perceived leadership knowledge and skills, but there was little evidence of impact on well-being or EM career intentions. EMLeaders particularly appears to enhance perceived ability to influence the EM environment. Considering that the EMLeaders group were generally earlier in their career, the findings are promising and can inform the refinement of future EM-specific training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aet2.11047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI passed the test, but can it make the rounds?","authors":"Christian Rose MD,&nbsp;Carl Preiksaitis MD, MEd","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11044","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aet2.11044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of opening a vertical care area on emergency medicine resident clinical experience","authors":"Alina Tsyrulnik MD,&nbsp;Craig Rothenberg MPH,&nbsp;Wendy W. Sun MD,&nbsp;Arjun Venkatesh MD, MBA, MHS,&nbsp;Ryan F. Coughlin MD,&nbsp;Katja Goldflam MD,&nbsp;Rohit B. Sangal MD, MBA","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aet2.11040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Challenging clinical environments faced by emergency departments (EDs) have led to operational changes including implementation of vertical care units and fast-track units. Little is known regarding the impact of such units on resident physician clinical education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective, observational study was performed at an urban quaternary care ED evaluating the effect of opening a vertical care unit with a triage physician directing lower acuity patients to be seen by physician associates (PAs)/advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) on the following parameters: (1) percentage of patients seen by residents, (2) Emergency Severity Index (ESI) of patients seen by residents, (3) number of procedures performed by residents, (4) number of patients per shift seen by residents, (5) percentage of critical care patients seen by residents, and (6) percentage of behavioral health patients seen by residents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Comparing the implementation of the vertical care unit to the prior 3 months, postgraduate year (PGY)-1 residents had greater exposure to ESI Levels 1 and 2 (odds ratio [OR] 2.15) and more critical care (OR 2.58). PGY-2 and PGY-3 residents had a lower exposure to ESI 1 and 2 patients (PGY-2 OR 0.63, PGY-3 OR 0.61) and less critical care exposure (OR 0.64 for PGY-2 and OR 0.62 for PGY-3) after implementation. PGY-1 residents saw fewer behavioral health patients (OR 0.65) while the other two classes saw more (PGY-2 OR 1.64, PGY-3 OR 2.74). ESI 4 and 5 exposure decreased for all classes (PGY-1 OR 0.15, PGY-2 OR 0.86, PGY-3 OR 0.72). No significant difference was found in the proportion of patients treated by residents (<i>p</i> = 0.85) or the number of procedures performed by residents (<i>p</i> = 0.25) comparing the implementation of a vertical care unit to the prior 3 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests no detrimental effects of vertical care unit implementation on multiple resident education outcomes including the number and acuity level of patients seen as well as procedure numbers of resident trainees. While the outcomes measured did not show significant negative effect for the resident compliment as a whole, we noted changes to the distribution of patient acuity based on PGY level. Similar assessments are recommended to determine the educational impact of comparable operational changes in other EDs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision education in medicine: A necessary transformation to better prepare physicians to meet the needs of their patients","authors":"Sally A. Santen MD PhD,&nbsp;Kimberly Lomis MD,&nbsp;Judee Richardson PhD,&nbsp;John S. Andrews MD,&nbsp;David Henderson MD,&nbsp;Sanjay V. Desai MD","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11041","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aet2.11041","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Across the continuum of emergency medicine (EM) education, physicians strive to continuously develop their skills while navigating multiple demands. To achieve the aim of learning amidst exponential growth in medical knowledge and increasingly complex medical care, a new system of accessible, personalized, and continuous learning is needed. In this commentary, we describe the model of precision medical education (PME),&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; which includes using data and technology to transform lifelong learning by improving data inputs, personalization, and efficiency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Innovation creates transformation in medical education. In other spheres, the arc of innovation empowers users and builds value.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; For example, Amazon shifted purchasing power from local stores to consumers.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Netflix transferred power of choice to viewers, creating an industry for asynchronous content. Google shifted power of information from the few to many.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Generative AI (artificial and augmented intelligence) similarly has shifted the ability to gain and apply knowledge from experts to the people. While it takes time to fully realize their potential, these innovations largely meet the needs of consumers and society by shifting the locus of control to the end users. We believe medical education should create similar transformational shifts for learning to bring the locus of control to individual—student, emergency medicine (EM) resident, and practicing physician in the arc of lifelong learning.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The goal of training is to produce an EM physician workforce capable of delivering high-quality care to patients and communities. Explosive growth in medical knowledge and remarkable procedural advances have underscored physicians’ need for continuous and effective lifelong learning. The need to make this learning simple and accessible so that it weaves within existing workflows is also an imperative. Yet how do physicians maintain and advance their knowledge?&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The gap between the need and process of learning, including resources, time, and methods, can contribute to the challenges of ongoing learning, contributing to burnout and moral distress as physicians struggle to keep up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Medical education for medical students, residents, and practicing physicians has not evolved sufficiently with the pace of change in technology and remains encumbered by inflexibility, inefficiency, and inequity. This gap enhances the struggle to meet the current and future needs of physicians.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; There is little emphasis on the process of lifelong learning or maintaining competency in the rapidly expanding universe of medical knowledge and new procedures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Because of resource constraints and the need to deliver training at scale, structured medical education (undergraduate medical education, graduate medical education, and continuing professional development [CPD]) are ","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of in situ simulation to improve team performance and utilization of a rapid sequence intubation checklist","authors":"Kathleen M. Waters MD,&nbsp;Ruth Hwu MD,&nbsp;Mona Kulkarni MD,&nbsp;Jeffrey Okonye MD,&nbsp;Ronine Zamor MD, MPH,&nbsp;Sofia Chaudhary MD,&nbsp;Andrew Jergel MPH,&nbsp;Scott Gillespie MS, MSPH,&nbsp;Abby Lewis MD,&nbsp;Rachel Krieger DO, MS,&nbsp;Vidya Menon MD,&nbsp;Geovonni Bell MD,&nbsp;Jacob Levy DO,&nbsp;Tory Prynn MD,&nbsp;Jacqueline Regan MD, MPH,&nbsp;Claire Mathai BSN,&nbsp;Nandranie Goodwin BSN,&nbsp;Sherita Holmes MD","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11039","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aet2.11039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intubation checklists have emerged as tools to reduce adverse events and improve efficiency during rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs). This study aimed to use multidisciplinary simulation (SIM) training as an educational tool to improve PED team performance during RSI scenarios through utilization of an RSI checklist.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We created a checklist modeled after previously published PED checklists. PED multidisciplinary teams participated in video-recorded SIM training sessions involving a scenario requiring intubation three times, first without interruption then while receiving our intervention of rapid-cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) debriefing focusing on checklist utilization and team dynamics. Learners went through the scenario once more uninterrupted to apply learned skills. Team performance was evaluated via video review using the Simulation Team Assessment Tool (STAT) focusing on airway management and human factors sections. Scores were compared before and after intervention along with pre- and postintervention surveys.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 483 learners participated in 64 SIM training sessions, 44 of whom met inclusion criteria and were included for data analysis. Scores increased postintervention for airway management, human factors and in total. Least-squares mean differences for total, airway, and human factors scores were 9.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.24–11.85), 4.22 (95% CI 2.91–5.52), and 5.33 (95% CI 3.86–6.8), respectively, which was statistically significant with <i>p</i>-value of &lt;0.001 across all categories. Surveys demonstrated improved role understanding and checklist utilization comfort postintervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study supports the benefit of multidisciplinary SIM training with RCDP-style methodology as an educational method for improving airway management, teamwork skills, and RSI checklist utilization for PED staff. Incorporation of additional maintenance SIM sessions for ongoing education is likely to be further beneficial and would allow evaluation of degradation of skills over time following initial training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paths to learning: How residents navigate transience in supervisory relationships in the emergency department","authors":"Kelsey A. Miller MD, EdM,&nbsp;Sarah C. Cavallaro MD,&nbsp;Kate Dorney MD, MHPEd,&nbsp;Alexander Hirsch MD,&nbsp;Michael Monuteaux ScD,&nbsp;Joshua Nagler MD, MHPEd","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.11037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strong relationships between trainees and physician supervisors can positively influence how trainees navigate workplace learning. How trainees act and learn in clinical workplaces characterized by rapidly developing and dissolving supervisory pairings is less well understood. This study uses the emergency department (ED) to examine the impact of transient supervisory relationships on how residents approach clinical learning opportunities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analyzed pediatric and emergency medicine resident rotations in an urban, tertiary, academic pediatric ED between July 2018 and June 2022. Using social network analysis (SNA), we identified resident–attending dyads and patients seen by each dyad. This informed semistructured interviews to understand how transience in supervisory relationships influences how residents approach and interpret clinical experiences. With self-determination theory as an organizing framework, the investigators performed line-by-line coding with constant comparative analysis which supported subsequent theoretical coding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the study, 526 residents completed 1013 rotations with 87 attendings. A mean (±SD) of 25 (±7) attendings supervised a resident per rotation, with dyads caring for a mean (±SD) of 4 (±4) patients. Twelve residents were interviewed and described different paths to learning depending on the transience of their relationships with clinical supervisors. More sustained contact presented an opportunity to build competence by fostering autonomy and feedback, while briefer contact advanced residents’ competence by exposing them to variable practice patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Combining SNA with qualitative analysis revealed that residents in the ED experience a spectrum of contact with attendings and perceive different paths to learning depending on the transience of this relationship. The results suggest different educational strategies may be necessary to maximize learning depending on the length or resident–attending interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General emergency physician perceptions of caring for children: A qualitative interview study","authors":"Regina L. Toto MD, MSEd,&nbsp;Eva M. Delgado MD,&nbsp;Tara Ketterer MPH,&nbsp;Emily Berner MD,&nbsp;Sarah I. Landau MD,&nbsp;Molly Crowe MD,&nbsp;Angeliz Caro Monroig MD,&nbsp;Gillian Sedigh Haghighat MD, MSEd,&nbsp;Cynthia J. Mollen MD, MSCE","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.11038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emergency physicians care for most children presenting to U.S. emergency departments (EDs). Pediatric exposure during emergency medicine (EM) residency can be variable and critically ill children are rarely encountered. A recent needs assessment revealed that emergency physicians feel less prepared to manage various conditions in children and that infants, regardless of presenting complaint, pose particular challenges. Emergency physician perceptions of the experience of caring for pediatric patients have not been widely examined through a qualitative lens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We designed an interview-based qualitative study to explore emergency physician perspectives on pediatric patient care. We recruited emergency physicians who graduated from residency in 2015–2019 and all rotated through the same large tertiary children's hospital. Four trained interviewers conducted in-depth, one-on-one virtual interviews. An interdisciplinary team transcribed and then coded the interviews. The team performed a conventional content analysis for themes. Recruitment continued until thematic saturation was achieved.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve participants completed interviews. These participants trained in five diverse residency programs. Likewise, the participants now practice in a variety of settings. Three major themes emerged from the data: (1) experience and exposure are key to establishing comfort caring for children; (2) simulation, pathways, and the pediatric anesthesia rotation are educationally useful; and (3) caring for children poses unique emotional challenges. Participants shared many recommendations for future pediatric education for EM trainees, including increasing autonomy and exposure to neonates and considering how care might differ in a community setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This interview-based qualitative study elucidates key themes in recently graduated emergency physicians’ perceived experience of caring for children. Our findings have important educational implications for this group of emergency physicians and those who share similar experiences in training and practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0: An evidence-based mnemonic to aid recall and interpretation of heart rate values for pediatric patients presenting for acute care","authors":"Robert A. Dudas MD,&nbsp;Joel K. Berezow MD","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11034","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aet2.11034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Ardor and diligence”: Quantifying the faculty effort needed in emergency medicine graduate medical education","authors":"John C. Burkhardt MD, PhD,&nbsp;Jaime Jordan MD, MAEd,&nbsp;James A. Cranford PhD,&nbsp;Fiona E. Gallahue MD,&nbsp;Keith E. Kocher MD, MPH,&nbsp;Tiffany Murano MD,&nbsp;Moshe Weizberg MD, MBA,&nbsp;Laura R. Hopson MD, MEd","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aet2.11035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regulatory requirements around protected faculty effort to support graduate medical education (GME) programs have changed. The amount of labor required to run a GME program is unknown. We sought to describe the work performed by program leadership and core faculty in emergency medicine (EM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a prospective survey study of core faculty in EM. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire followed by quarterly time surveys, covering activities in eight domains: evaluation, teaching and education, scholarly activity, service, interview/recruitment, clinical supervision, student responsibilities, and wellness and administration. We collected data from April 2022 to March 2023. We calculated descriptive statistics and used analyses of variance (ANOVA) to assess differences by faculty role and quarter.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 596 physicians completed the demographic questionnaire and 347 (58.2%) completed at least one quarterly time survey including 142 (41%) females, 48 (14%) program directors (PDs), 84 (24%) assistant/associate program directors (APDs), and 215 (62%) general core faculty (GCF). The mean number of hours per week spent on nonclinical education work was 60 h for PDs, 47 h for APDs, and 44 h for GCF. ANOVA found significant differences in mean hours per week and faculty role in domains of evaluation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), service (<i>p</i> = 0.007), and interview/recruitment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). We detected differences in mean hours per week and quarter in domains of evaluation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), teaching and education (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), interview and recruitment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and clinical supervision (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Running a residency program requires many hours of faculty work, which can vary based on faculty role and time of year. These results can inform decisions regarding faculty support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directed image review technique (DIRT): A framework for ultrasound image assessment and interpretation","authors":"Arthur T. Broadstock MD,&nbsp;Jessica Baez MD,&nbsp;Patrick G. Minges MD,&nbsp;Meaghan Frederick MD,&nbsp;Lori A. Stolz MD","doi":"10.1002/aet2.11036","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aet2.11036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is integral to the practice of emergency medicine, and POCUS education is a required component of emergency medicine training. Developing POCUS skills requires iterative deliberate practice of image acquisition and interpretation. Providing feedback to learners regarding ultrasound image interpretation can be challenging for emergency medicine clinician educators. We present a framework called the directed image review technique. This framework guides learner ultrasound image interpretation and provides educators with a similar structured approach to evaluate a learner's ultrasound competency and provide targeted feedback regarding image acquisition and interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":37032,"journal":{"name":"AEM Education and Training","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11494445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}