Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Factors Affecting Public Value of E-Government in Sri Lanka: An Empirical Study Based on the Ministry of Public Administration and Home Affairs","authors":"M.N.N. Sufna, R. Fernando","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2706974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2706974","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of Public Value is a popular mean for evaluating the performance of public services. Public organizations create value by efficiently operating the organizations for meeting citizens desire (Moore, 1995). Many governments have been introduced websites to deliver public services in efficient and effective manner. E- Government is considered as the use of Information Communication Technology for the delivery of public services. According to the annual report of the Information Communication Technology Agency (ICTA) (in 2011) in Sri Lanka, the investment for E-government in 2011 was 2045 million Sri Lanka Rupees which is incurred from the taxes. The take up rate of the E-government services by citizens in Sri Lanka is 22.3% (Karunasena and Deng, 2009). A recent study of the UN (2012) highlighted that 77.7% citizens are not aware of E-government in Sri Lanka. In order to improve the E-government adoption rate, governments have to improve the Public Value of E-government. Thus this study examines Public Value of e- government in Sri Lanka. The Ministry of Public Administration and Home Affairs in Sri Lanka serves both general public and public employees. The Ministry is responsible for human resource management of Ministries, Departments, and District and Divisional secretariats. It is the focal point of human resource management in the National level public services in Sri Lanka. Therefore, this Ministry was selected to examine the public value of e-government. Thus, the main objective of this study is to find out the determinants of Public Value of e-government and suggest policy recommendations to increase the Public Value of e-government of the Ministry. The data was collected during the first quarter of 2014 using a structured questionnaire. Population of this study was the Sri Lanka administrative Service officers (2204 officers) and the sample is 10% from the population. Both postal mail and email survey was conducted and analyzed using SPSS 16.0 version. The validity and reliability of the data were ensured by using the factor analysis and reliability analysis. The frequency analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. According to the study results, the most significant determinant of the Public Value is the Service Delivery. The Efficiency, User friendliness, Quality and Content are the four main dimensions of the Service Delivery. The factors Equity, Responsiveness, Openness and Environment Sustainability are not statistically significant with the Public Value. Updating the website regularly, publishing all the contents in three languages following international web standards when publishing information, developing facilities to conduct online transactions and increase the transactional speed and the service delivery are essential to enhance the Public Value of the e-government of the selected Ministry.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115635650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Personal and the Political: Implications of Constitutional Entrepreneurship","authors":"A. Salter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2705828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2705828","url":null,"abstract":"This paper makes a simple but underappreciated point: due to the open-ended nature of constitutional entrepreneurship, the personal characteristics of constitutional entrepreneurs — intellect, will, virtues and vices, etc. — directly bear on constitutional change. The paper demonstrates this at a theoretical level by (a) highlighting how the environment in which constitutional entrepreneurship takes place leaves room for constitutional entrepreneurs’ personal traits to affect political-economic outcomes, and (b) exploring the nature of constitutional entrepreneurship in itself. The argument implies the study of sociopolitical institutions’ information- and incentive-aligning features must be augmented by analyses of institutions’ ‘moral filters.’ The paper concludes by outlining a personalist approach to political economy, implicit in several seemingly-unrelated literatures.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116383477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making the State Work: Lessons from 20 Years of Public Adminsitration Reforms in Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union","authors":"M. Beblavý, Emilia Beblava","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2699154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2699154","url":null,"abstract":"The paper “Making the State Work: Lessons from 20 Years of Public Administration Reforms in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union” reviews literature analysing more than 20 years transition in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) and Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) with the main objective of bringing together existing research for practitioners in an accessible manner. The literature reviewed highlights a number of important lessons-learned after the political transitions beginning in 1989. The post-1989 development took many different directions in terms of economic, social and political reforms. The main difference in post-1989 institutional development has been between the countries that were part of the FSU and the countries that formed part of the external empire in CEE (including the Baltic republics that were normally incorporated into the Soviet Union). The post-Soviet countries still maintained the conceptual and institutional legacy of the Soviet Union, often combined with the gradual return to the traditional or patriarchal rule of the past, associated with little economic modernisation and the re-emergence of the traditional authority of clan connections. Meanwhile, the CEE countries generally returned to their pre-Soviet institutions and practices that made the democratic transition less vulnerable to the misuse of power and the reversal to autocratic or semi-totalitarian regimes.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123821366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governance, Government, and the Search for New Provider Models","authors":"R. Saltman, A. Durán","doi":"10.15171/ijhpm.2015.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2015.198","url":null,"abstract":"A central problem in designing effective models of provider governance in health systems has been to ensure an appropriate balance between the concerns of public sector and/or government decision-makers, on the one hand, and of non-governmental health services actors in civil society and private life, on the other. In tax-funded European health systems up to the 1980s, the state and other public sector decision-makers played a dominant role over health service provision, typically operating hospitals through national or regional governments on a command-and-control basis. In a number of countries, however, this state role has started to change, with governments first stepping out of direct service provision and now de facto pushed to focus more on steering provider organizations rather than on direct public management. In this new approach to provider governance, the state has pulled back into a regulatory role that introduces market-like incentives and management structures, which then apply to both public and private sector providers alike. This article examines some of the main operational complexities in implementing this new governance reality/strategy, specifically from a service provision (as opposed to mostly a financing or even regulatory) perspective. After briefly reviewing some of the key theoretical dilemmas, the paper presents two case studies where this new approach was put into practice: primary care in Sweden and hospitals in Spain. The article concludes that good governance today needs to reflect practical operational realities if it is to have the desired effect on health sector reform outcome.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126868630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issues and Challenges in Ensuring Public Accountability: The Indian Context","authors":"Ankur Joshi, S. K. Tapasvi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2693906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2693906","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the challenges of ensuring public accountability in the Indian context. The urgent need for accountability of public servants in India, elected as well permanent, emanates from the large scale perception about lack of responsiveness with respect to results and outcomes for citizens and customers of public services. In real terms, there is a trustdeficit with regard to public services in general and the quality of public services in particular. The complex nature of public accountability lead to blurring of the issues which could be critical for ensuring the same in the delivery of public services. The extant literature clearly shows that a narrowly defined public accountability is one of the reasons contributing to inefficient public accountability. The fundamental issue therefore is to define public accountability in the context of changing public policy and public management discourse in India. The paper discusses these emerging dimensions of public accountability in the Indian context. The definition of public accountability, the need for exercising accountability, the issues involved in poor accountability, effective ways to exercise accountability, and ensuring accountability in Indian context, are the aspects analysed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132174840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Civil Service Recruitment in Comoros: A Case of Political Clientelism in a Decentralized State","authors":"J. Rose, Balachandran Gowthaman","doi":"10.1596/1813-9450-7428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7428","url":null,"abstract":"Professional civil service recruitment is a core component of governance for development, as it is necessary for ensuring the capacity of civil servants, service delivery, fiscal sustainability, and proper salary management. Through an ambitious mixed method approach, this study seeks to provide a political economy analysis of civil service recruitment in Comoros—a fragile and decentralized state with a relatively large portion of spending on government salaries. More specifically, it aims to explain the recent dramatic increases in the number of civil servants in Comoros. The paper presents three main findings from the analysis. First, in 2010, elections at the national and local levels were associated with the largest recruitment in the past decade, due in part to the interplay of informal institutions such as political clientelism with the current public financial management system. Second, the institutions involved in recruitment are not permanent; they are evolving with the balance of power between the national and island governments. Third, civil service recruitment respects qualification standards.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115263260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Опыт Реформы Государственной Службы в России (The Experience of Public Service Reform in Russia)","authors":"M. Gvozdeva, M. Kazakova","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2665577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2665577","url":null,"abstract":"An effective system of public service in Russia is one of the most important conditions for the implementation of policies of social and economic development, improve the quality of life of its citizens, as well as national security. Issues of development of the civil service system has received considerable attention, both in pre-revolutionary Russia, and in Soviet times. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the main stages of the civil service reform in Russia since the Soviet era and ending with modern Russia, as well as formulate conclusions on the results of this analysis.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114383454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Transitional Public-Private Partnerships Model in China: Contracting with Little Recourse to Contracts","authors":"Chen-Yu Chang, Shi Chen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2660169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2660169","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2013, the Chinese government has attempted to make a transition from user-pay PPP to government-pay PPP systems with the aim of facilitating infrastructure investment and government transformation. Whilst the application of government-pay PPP systems can considerably expand the areas where PPPs are suitable, the lengthy procurement time experienced in the implementation of similar systems (e.g., Private Finance Initiative (PFI)) presents a tough challenge to Chinese procuring authorities who are under increasing pressure to get the earmarked PPP projects off the ground swiftly to stem the downward pressure in the economy. The first PFI-ish project in China, the Anqing Urban Road PPP project, has been successfully tendered in May 2015 with an impressive record on procurement time. Through the scrutiny of this project, it is found that speedy procurement is achieved by leaving some of the major risks ill-defined and vaguely allocated in the tender document. However, this apparent high risk exposure did not deter investors. This research maintains that the greater risk tolerance revealed among SOE-led investors should be attributed to the power structure embedded in China’s administrative system. Whilst leveraging this mechanism can reduce transaction costs, it could hold back the participation of private investors in future Chinese PPP projects.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131192317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Government Program ‘Federal Property Management’ Its Initial Implementation Phase","authors":"Georgy Malginov, A. Radygin","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2659508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2659508","url":null,"abstract":"As can be concluded on the basis of the data released by the RF Federal Agency for State Property Management (Rosimushchestvo) in its 2014 year-end report, the majority of targets set in the Government Program (GP) ‘Federal Property Management’ for the year 2014 were met and even surpassed – in many cases signifi cantly. In the light of the achievements of 2013–2014, the future prospects for implementing the Government Program ‘Federal Property Management’ can be estimated as rather favorable. However, certain complications associated with planned budget cuts cannot be rules out altogether, because in the spring of 2015 some downward adjustments were made to the federal budget for 2015–2017. These cuts aff ected not only this GP, but also the related Government Program ‘Government Finance Management and Financial Markets Regulation’ (subprogram ‘Normative and Methodological Backing for, and Organization of the Budgetary Process’) and ‘Economic Development and Innovation Economy’ (Federal Target Program (FTP) ‘Development of a Single State System for Registration of Titles and Cadastre Immovable Property Records (2014–2019)’. Another example of how the economic crisis has infl uenced the targets set in the Government Program is the announcement made by the Government’s head of the reassignment, on a temporary basis, of civil servants to the managerial bodies of state companies in order to exercise closer control over them (without specifying the scale and timelines of these measures).","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114074162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculating Bandits: Quasi-Corporate Governance and Institutional Selection in Autocracies","authors":"A. Salter, A. Hall","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2506028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2506028","url":null,"abstract":"This paper applies the logic of economic calculation to the actions of autocrats. We model autocrats as stationary bandits who use profit and loss calculations to select institutions that maximize their extraction rents. We find in many cases autocrats achieve rent maximization through creating and protecting private property rights. This in turn yields high levels of production, with expropriation kept low enough to incentivize continued high production. Importantly, while this leads to increasing quantities of available goods and services over time, it does not lead to true development; i.e. the coordination of consumer demand with producer supply through directing resources to their highest-valued uses. We apply our model to the authoritarian governments of Singapore and the United Arab Emirates, showing how they function as quasi-corporate governance organizations in the business of maximizing appropriable rents.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128219607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}