Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal最新文献_第4页

Pavement of Good Governance Into the Local Government Institutions of Bangladesh 善治在孟加拉地方政府机构的铺装

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2019-03-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3584277

Tamanna Kabir, Md Bayzid Hossain

{"title":"Pavement of Good Governance Into the Local Government Institutions of Bangladesh","authors":"Tamanna Kabir, Md Bayzid Hossain","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3584277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3584277","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve sustainable development for a nation, progress in all sectors of the country is necessary by ensuring certain democratic rights and public participation from the higher level to even the grassroots level. This mechanism can be approached through the effective implementation of local government and its function and power by complying with the theory of decentralization. Hence, the objective of the paper has shed light upon good governance in the local government institutions of Bangladesh by examining their performances and identifying the existing problems. Being the second most important tier of the state, it is expected that good governance should commence from the lowest tiers of the government. The paper highlights that the key element to ensure good governance initiates from the equal participation of the local people along with the effective functioning of the lowest tiers of the government. Due to the absence of the above-said essentials, the paper proposes that it is the duty of the national government and other related tiers of government to provide the appropriate environment to demonstrate these features in their administration. Furthermore, it recommends that there should be proper harmonization in various institutions of the government at achieving good governance. The higher tiers of government should provide legislation, reforms, and coordination; align with constitutional provisions, to promote the spirit of good governance at the local platform.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123899042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Political Opposition, Legislative Oversight, and the Performance of the Executive Branch 政治反对，立法监督和行政部门的表现

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2019-02-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3304209

A. Poulsen, Carlos Varjao

引用次数: 4

Priority Roads: The Political Economy of Africa's Interior-to-Coast Roads 优先道路:非洲内陆到海岸道路的政治经济学

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2019-01-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3323625

Roberto Bonfatti, Yuan Gu, S. Poelhekke

{"title":"Priority Roads: The Political Economy of Africa's Interior-to-Coast Roads","authors":"Roberto Bonfatti, Yuan Gu, S. Poelhekke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3323625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3323625","url":null,"abstract":"Africa's interior-to-coast roads are well suited to export natural resources, but not to support regional trade. Are they the optimal response to geography and comparative advantage, or the result of suboptimal political distortions? We investigate the political determinants of road paving in West Africa across the 1965-2012 period. Controlling for geography and the endogeneity of democratization, we show that autocracies tend to connect natural resource deposits to ports, while the networks expanded in a less interior-to-coast way in periods of democracy. This result suggests that Africa's interior-to-coast roads are at least in part the result of suboptimal political distortions.Africa's interior-to-coast roads are well suited to export natural resources, but not to support regional trade. Are they the optimal response to geography and comparative advantage, or the result of suboptimal political distortions? We investigate the political determinants of road paving in West Africa across the 1965-2012 period. Controlling for geography and the endogeneity of democratization, we show that autocracies tend to connect natural resource deposits to ports, while the networks expanded in a less interior-to-coast way in periods of democracy. This result suggests that Africa's interior-to-coast roads are at least in part the result of suboptimal political distortions.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125238517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Governing the ‘Golden Age of Infrastructure’: Build, Build, Build Through an Accountability Perspective 管理“基础设施的黄金时代”:从问责的角度来建设、建设、再建设

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3300597

J. Cruz, Carmen Phanuelle Delgra, J. Enriquez, R. Mendoza

{"title":"Governing the ‘Golden Age of Infrastructure’: Build, Build, Build Through an Accountability Perspective","authors":"J. Cruz, Carmen Phanuelle Delgra, J. Enriquez, R. Mendoza","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3300597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3300597","url":null,"abstract":"Build, Build, Build (BBB) is the ambitious P8- to P9-trillion infrastructure development program of the current Duterte administration, pledged to usher in a “golden age of infrastructure.” This paper aims to independently assess critical governance dimensions of BBB, focusing on the performance of transparency and accountability reforms, as well as those combating corruption in infrastructural development processes. Beginning with an overview of corruption drivers and good governance reforms in infrastructure development, the paper appraises the transparency and accountability mechanisms that have been established by the current administration for BBB’s implementation. This includes investigating the effectiveness of information access procedures, through systematic exercise to request the feasibility studies of 48 flagship projects reported to have completed such studies as of mid-June 2018. \u0000 \u0000All in all, access was granted to only 7 such studies, with an actual copy of the said studies only secured in a single instance. While a number of agencies have been standout performers in their responsiveness and efficacy in handling requests (i.e. the BCDA and the DOTr’s Air Transport Planning Division), most other infrastructure-related agencies have demonstrated lower responsiveness and e-FOI compliance, with more than half (29) of all requests not having been acted upon by their respective IA’s within the mandated 15-working day period. Coordination problems within and between agencies, confidentiality and trade secrecy concerns, as well as uneven and fragmented service delivery performance are underscored as major issues impeding information access to such critical public documents concerning BBB projects.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116839936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Transferability of Research Findings: Lessons From the BCURE (Building Capacity for the Use of Research Evidence) Program for Implementing EBPM (Evidence-Based Policy Making) in Non-Western Countries 研究成果的可转移性:在非西方国家实施基于证据的政策制定的BCURE(利用研究证据的能力建设)项目的经验教训

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2018-12-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3296169

Joseph Tham

{"title":"Transferability of Research Findings: Lessons From the BCURE (Building Capacity for the Use of Research Evidence) Program for Implementing EBPM (Evidence-Based Policy Making) in Non-Western Countries","authors":"Joseph Tham","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3296169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3296169","url":null,"abstract":"The DFID-funded BCURE (Building Capacity for Use of Research Evidence) Program has generated important research findings on the determinants for the demand of evidence use in six countries: Bangladesh, Kenya, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, South Africa and Zimbabwe. What is the relevance of these research findings on the capacity gap in public administration for other non-Western countries? The BCURE Program targeted interventions at the individual, interpersonal and organizational levels, and across three impact pathways, namely the ministry, across government, and Parliament. BCURE specified a detailed Theory of Change (ToC) and used the realist evaluation approach, and specified CIMOs (Context-Intervention-Mechanism-Output) to understand the contexts under which the mechanisms operate successfully. BCURE found three ways of working that were successful across the six countries. First, in the promotion of Evidence-Based Policy Making (EBPM), it is important to understand the politics. Second, the proponents of EBPM must build capacity at different levels of government. Third, the proponents must accompany change, and not impose it.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127262708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing Open Data for Open Governance in Asia 推动开放数据促进亚洲开放治理

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3275135

M. Canares

{"title":"Advancing Open Data for Open Governance in Asia","authors":"M. Canares","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3275135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3275135","url":null,"abstract":"The record of countries in the region in terms of transparency and accountability is dismal. In the latest Corruption Perceptions Index released by Transparency International, more than half of the country in the region scored below 50, with at least a quarter of these are countries considered with systemic corruption problems. Nevertheless, there have been significant attempts of several countries to install transparency measures and project a commitment towards greater openness. At least a dozen of countries has right to information laws that provide citizens’ fundamental access to government information and several have installed open data policies and are implementing e-government programs or practices. But access of citizens to data and information to hold governments to account, demand for better services, and strengthen citizen participation in governance remain elusive. \u0000 \u0000The Open Government Partnership (OGP) is a multilateral initiative that aims to secure concrete commitments from governments to promote transparency, empower citizens, fight corruption, and harness new technologies to strengthen governance. OGP’s vision is that more governments become more transparent, more accountable, and more responsive to their own citizens, with the goal of improving the quality of governance, as well as the quality of services that citizens receive. Since its inception in 2011, OGP today brings together 75 countries and 15 subnational governments with over 2,500 commitments to make their governments more open and accountable. In Asia, only the governments of Indonesia, the Philippines, and South Korea are participating countries along with two subnational pilots, Seoul and Bojonegoro. These governments have launched initiatives to involve citizens in the planning and budgeting processes, proactively disclose budget and other public financial information, and engage citizens in monitoring of public service delivery. But these countries remain the exception rather than the norm.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123645532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Repositioning Democratic Governance in Nigeria: Implications on National Economy 尼日利亚民主治理的重新定位:对国民经济的影响

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-27 DOI: 10.9734/AJEBA/2018/44731

E. Okoye, Dr. Ugochukwu Nwoye, Ekesiobi Chukwunonso, Justina N. Obiorah

{"title":"Repositioning Democratic Governance in Nigeria: Implications on National Economy","authors":"E. Okoye, Dr. Ugochukwu Nwoye, Ekesiobi Chukwunonso, Justina N. Obiorah","doi":"10.9734/AJEBA/2018/44731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJEBA/2018/44731","url":null,"abstract":"The value system of Nigeria’s democratic process since 1999 may have been undermined by the absence of good governance in the country’s leadership stream. And despite the craze for unprecedented development in the country even as it dreams of becoming the 20th best economy in the world by the year 2020, Nigeria leadership attitude to accountability, transparency and outright respect for the rule of law may after all remain a major challenge to overcome in the 21st century. The study adopts empirical process by means of charts towards evaluating the quality of governance Nigeria may have witnessed in the post 1999 democratic regimes of Nigeria with emphasis on the annual GDP growth rate statistics, annual GDP achieved (in US$), unemployment rates as co-published by the International Monetary Fund, annual national Budget of Nigeria as published by the World Bank Group and the country’s corruption perception index as rated by Transparency International (TI) for the years 1999 – 2016. These were all employed by the study for graphical evaluation and assessment purpose using charts. Indicative pointers from the charts shows that though the country’s annual budget has continued to rise since 1999, the country’s employment sector has not really benefited from this acclaimed shoot up given the recent upward movement of the country’s unemployment rate and the consequent downward pace in the rate at which the economy of Nigeria is growing in recent times. <br><br>Further pointers noted from the corruption perception index chart indicate that the quality of the governance obtainable in the country is a far cry from what good governance really entails. The study however proffered some sensitive policy framework and reliable approaches to these notable challenges currently engulfing the country.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132041144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Evolving Role of Non-State Actors in Digital Era Government 非国家行为体在数字时代政府中的角色演变

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-17 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3268084

A. Clarke

引用次数: 1

The Exploration of Economic Crises: Parameter Uncertainty and Predictive Ability 经济危机的探讨:参数不确定性与预测能力

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-12 DOI: 10.1111/sjpe.12199

J. Inekwe

引用次数: 6

OMB’s Reform Plan and the Tradeoffs of Government Reorganization OMB改革方案与政府重组的权衡

Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-09 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3373979

Christopher Carrigan, Mark Febrizio

{"title":"OMB’s Reform Plan and the Tradeoffs of Government Reorganization","authors":"Christopher Carrigan, Mark Febrizio","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3373979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3373979","url":null,"abstract":"Consistent with a long line of previous administrations, the White House’s Office of Management and Budget published in June an organizational reform plan, offering more than 80 recommendations that detail government-wide and agency-specific organization changes to restructure, consolidate, and eliminate programs or agencies. While the plan’s key goal to make government operations more efficient and responsive is a noble one, academic research and historical experience demonstrates that designing agency operations involves sometimes unavoidable tradeoffs. For example, although streamlining operations can produce real benefits, these may come at the expense of impeding an agency’s ability to formulate clear objectives for its personnel and undermining the measures in place to ensure key services are delivered correctly. Considering these tradeoffs does not guarantee the potential unintended consequences will not surface following the reorganization, but careful planning can better prepare policymakers and agency leadership to be able to manage them if they do as well as reduce the potential that the new problems introduced necessitate a return to the previous structure. As a history of reorganizations in the regulatory context clearly demonstrates, all too often agencies with multiple missions are established to enhance coordination and improve efficiency, subsequently separated to mitigate goal ambiguity and neglect, and later on recombined after synchronization issues once again become evident. Given that reorganizations take time, cost money, and impose disruptions on employees, entering into any restructuring with a more complete understanding of its ramifications is critical to realizing its objectives and promoting its durability.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115427128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0