B. Esfandyarpour, S. Mohajerzadeh, B. Hekmatshoar, M. Moradi, A. Khodadadi
{"title":"SnO/sub 2//Pt microsensors fabricated on micromachined Si (100) substrate suitable for silicon processing","authors":"B. Esfandyarpour, S. Mohajerzadeh, B. Hekmatshoar, M. Moradi, A. Khodadadi","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1278917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1278917","url":null,"abstract":"Using standard photolithography process, thin film SnO/sub 2/-based gas sensors were fabricated on Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ membrane for detection of CO and H/sub 2/. The sensing material with a thickness of 400nm was spin-coated using a sol-gel deposition technique. Platinum was added by deposition of various thicknesses of Pt using an RF sputtering unit onto the spin-coated films after preannealing process. 2% chemically Pt doped sensors were prepared adding appropriate amount of H/sub 2/Cl/sub 6/Pt.6H/sub 2/O to the sol-gel solution. Conductivity measurements of the sensors annealed at different temperatures have been carried out in dry air and in presence of various concentrations of CO and H/sub 2/. The Pt-doped sensor prepared by the method of sputter-deposited platinum onto the SnO/sub 2/ surface exhibited a high sensitivity for selective detection of H/sub 2/. However, the chemically doped sensors showed a considerable high response to CO at a temperature around 170/spl deg/C. The selectivity of the sensing material was studied toward different reducing gases. SEM and XRD analyses were used to investigate the surface morphology and crystallinity of SnO/sub 2/ films after annealing at different temperatures.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125336682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved E-nose detection using initial reaction smellprint and advanced classifiers","authors":"O. Uluyol, A. Wood, M. Kaiser, K. Arnold","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279138","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new smellprint derived from Cyra-nose 320 electronic nose, and a robust classification method. The new smellprint is based on the initial reactions of the chemiresistors rather than the bulk relative resistance change. This paper also presents a robust classification method employing Support Vector Machine method. Various combinations of the two smellprints-including their projections to a small number of principal components, are analyzed. The binary Support Vector Machine classification results are filtered through two different mechanisms; a set threshold on the total vote, and a winner-take-all method The classification accuracy is determined through the leave-one-out procedure. The developed system is used for identifying 5 compounds. Promising results are obtained in terms of improved detection at low concentrations and reduced false alarm rates.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127013197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kamei, J. Scherer, B. M. Paegel, E. Lagally, A. Skelley, R. Street, R. Mathies
{"title":"Microfluidic genetic and amino acid analysis using an integrated a-Si:H detector","authors":"T. Kamei, J. Scherer, B. M. Paegel, E. Lagally, A. Skelley, R. Street, R. Mathies","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279103","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) PIN photodiodes are used as fluorescence detectors for microfluidic biochemical and chemical analysis devices. A hybrid- integrated detector consisting of a half-ball lens, a ZnS/YF/sub 3/ multilayer optical interference filter with a pinhole, and an annular a-Si:H photodiode is developed that allows the laser excitation to pass up through the central aperture in the photodiode. Using this integrated device, the limit of detection for fluorescein flowing in a 50-/spl mu/m deep channel is 17 nM (S/N = 3). Furthermore, analysis of PCR amplicons generated from Staphylococcus aureus and chiral analysis of glutamic acid are successfully demonstrated. The a-Si:H detector exhibits high sensitivity at the emission wavelengths of commonly used fluorescent dyes and is readily microfabricated and integrated at low cost making it ideal for portable microfluidic bioanalyzers.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128103446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface acoustic wave biosensors for biomolecular interaction analysis","authors":"K. Lange, A. Voigt, M. Rapp","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279130","url":null,"abstract":"HPSSW type, (horizontally polarized surface shear wave) surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices have been proven to be suitable for biosensing applications. They allow an easy and fast label free detection of molecules with biological relevance via direct detection of the adsorbed mass. However, SAW device structures are usually connected by bond wires. In consequence sampling chambers suffer from relatively big flow cell volumes /spl sim/ 50 /spl mu/l. We developed new resonator filter based HPSSW devices with gold transducers. They work at an operating frequency of 433.9 MHz on 36/spl deg/YX LiTaO/sub 3/ as substrate material. Bonding wires could be eliminated as the sensor is capacitively coupled with the driving electronics via large contact pads. The new coupling concept (originally developed for our gas sensing approach) enables the reduction of the sample volume in the flow cell down to 60 nl. This decreases sample consumption and reduces the length of the measurement cycles. Affinity assays were realized using this SAW biosensor. Measurements with the systems urease/anti-urease and estradiol/estrogen receptor are shown exemplarily. In the latter case it could be shown that reference SAW surfaces without binding partner have the potential to enable the quantification of binding reactions even in complex media. For automated sample handling, the SAW detection unit is integrated in a flow injection analysis (FIA) system. A cost-effective, compact demonstration instrument for SAW biosensing was developed.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128157354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An active pixel sensor (APS) based on high gain CMOS compatible lateral bipolar transistor (LBT) on SOS substrate with backside illumination","authors":"Chen Xu, Chao Shen, P. Ko, M. Chan","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279151","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an innovative Active Pixel Sensor based on high gain CMOS compatible Lateral Bipolar Transistor (LBT) on Silicon-on-Sapphire (SOS) substrate has been introduced. A number of unique features are presented in the new design to overcome the difficulties to fabricate high performance APS in SOI related technology, including: (1) PMOSFET reset transistor to increase pixel voltage swing without area penalty; (2) a LBT as charge sensing element to increase responsivity; and (3) backside illumination through the transparent sapphire substrate to improve optical transmission. The APS has been implemented in a Peregrine's 0.5 /spl mu/m SOS CMOS process and verified to work at a low power supply voltage of 1.2 V.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124918028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Terada, Y. Satoh, F. Morisawa, S. Mutoh, K. Fujii, Y. Kado
{"title":"A wireless sensor-network system with a dynamically programmable sensor interface","authors":"J. Terada, Y. Satoh, F. Morisawa, S. Mutoh, K. Fujii, Y. Kado","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279036","url":null,"abstract":"A wireless sensor-network system has been developed that achieves a compact and flexible sensing node. Allocating most of the sensing-control block to a remote host enables miniaturization of a node, which contains necessary minimum function blocks. The sensor configuration is determined by the host to meet system needs and sent to a node as a command with a radio-frequency transmitter. The bit rate is high enough to send sensing data and receive commands. The prototype of a node occupies 22.5 cm/sup 3/ and consumes 150 mW the active mode and operates with a 2 MHz bit rate using a 315 MHz carrier frequency.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124943536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of electrodes ageing on the responses of SnO/sub 2/ sol-gel sensors","authors":"A. Taurino","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279160","url":null,"abstract":"Metal oxides films are generally applied as sensing layers, in semiconductor gas sensors. These sensors based on electrical conductivity changes have numerous advantages as high sensitivity, simple design and low cost. Great efforts have been made with the aim to determine and improve the parameters that contribute to the electrical conductivity and that influence the electrical response of the sensors. Nevertheless, these devices show some well-known limitations as poor selectivity, temperature and moisture dependence and, especially, ageing and drift. The main cause of drift is, of course, changes in morphology of the sensing layer. In fact, the electrical properties of the sensing layer and the transduction function of the device depend strongly on the layer morphology. Moreover also the quality of the electrodes has to be considered as parameter that can influence the ageing of the device. In this paper, we studied the gas sensing characteristics, in particular the stability and reliability, of different pure and Ni-, Os-, Pt-, Pd- doped SnO/sub 2/ thin films based sensors prepared by the sol-gel technique and the influence of the ageing of the Au electrical contacts on the performances of the sensors. We studied the responses of different sensors towards some gases and vapours. SEM results were showed. The surface chemical composition of the samples has been studied by XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) analysis.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121894401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid oxide mixtures as /spl gamma/-radiation sensors","authors":"F.K. Fahim, K. Arshak, O. Korostynska","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1278901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1278901","url":null,"abstract":"Metal oxide mixtures (TeO/sub 2//MnO and In/sub 2/O/sub 3//SiO) in the form of planar structures deposited on screen printed thick film interdigitated electrodes were investigated for gamma-radiation dosimetry purposes. Radiation sensitive layers were deposited using thin film vapour deposition technique. Films made with In/sub 2/O/sub 3//SiO were found to be far more conductive than their counterpart TeO/sub 2//MnO films. All hybrid devices were exposed to a disc-type /sup 137/Cs radiation source with an activity of 370 kBq. They showed an increase in the values of current with the increase in gamma dose up to a level of 45.4 /spl mu/Sv. Due to the stable dose response, these structures can be considered as a promising alternative in cost-effective personal dosimetry application.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125152935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MEMS wind direction detection: from design to operation","authors":"R. Adamec, D. V. Thiel, P. Tanner","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1278954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1278954","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-axis hotwire anemometer fabricated with bulk micro-machining and thin film semiconductor technologies is presented. Extending the operation of a single axis anemometer into 2 axes allows direction sensing over the full 0/spl deg/ - 360/spl deg/ while maintaining the original ability to measure flow velocity via the forced convection heat loss. Eliminating separate heating and sensing elements and combining both functions into single element pairs provides a means of lowering the temperature and power requirements and reducing size and fabrication complexity of the sensor compared to previously seen designs. CAD and modeling have aided in preparation of a suitable design to be fabricated in house using primarily photolithography and wet chemical etching. Successful wind tunnel trials have paved the way for field-testing and a commercially realizable sensor.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122098781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dutta, L. Ramasamy, Xiaoshan Zhu, J. Do, C. Gao, C. Hong, A. Puntambekar, J. Han, Se Hwan Lee, R. Trichur, Jin-Woo Choi, J. Nevin, C. Ahn, S. Chilukuru
{"title":"Multi-analyte detection handheld analyzer for point-of-care application with disposable biochips","authors":"M. Dutta, L. Ramasamy, Xiaoshan Zhu, J. Do, C. Gao, C. Hong, A. Puntambekar, J. Han, Se Hwan Lee, R. Trichur, Jin-Woo Choi, J. Nevin, C. Ahn, S. Chilukuru","doi":"10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENS.2003.1279011","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present the development of a handheld analyzer for actuation and sensing control of a disposable biochip for point-of-care monitoring of clinically relevant parameters. The disposable biochip has integrated on-chip air bursting detonators for fluid driving linked to a smart passive microfluidic system and an array of biosensors capable of simultaneously monitoring oxygen, glucose and lactate concentrations in human blood. The handheld analyzer houses the SMT (surface mount technology) based electronics system for providing the driving signals to the air bursting detonators and to monitor the analyte signals from the biosensors. We have designed, tested and characterized the analyzer using the disposable biochips to test analytes from human blood. The analyzer developed in this work is /spl sim/ 5.25\" /spl times/ 3.5\" times; 1.5\" and is currently the smallest unit capable of multi-parameter detection from human blood samples.","PeriodicalId":369277,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37498)","volume":"9 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123802062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}