Kritika i Semiotika最新文献

{"title":"Semantics of Unidirectional and Multidirectional Motion in the Lexico-Grammatical System of the Fiction Text (Based on P. Suskind’s Work “Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer” and Its Russian Translation)","authors":"E. Bulygina, Ekaterina A. Dmitrieva, T. A. Tripolskaya","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-37-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-37-53","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates the textual potential of concrete and multidirectional verbs of motion (based on the original and translated texts of P. Süskind “Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer”). Textual specificity of verbs of motion is considered with the support of semantic-pragmatic features of the verb subsystems of two languages. For Russian verbs of motion, the concept of direction is relevant, since any movement is carried out in space by a certain trajectory (idti – hodit’, bresti – brodit’, letet’ – letat’, bezhat’ – begat’). In German, this parameter of motion is actualized only in the appropriate context with the help of adverbs of location and direction; prepositional-case constructions; direct complements and separable prefixes. In the semantic field “Movement / Verkehr” with the verb dominant there are lexical groupings, whose members, due to the lexico-grammatical and lexico-semantic valency of verbs, interpret different characteristics of the process of movement. The text's richness in units of different parts of speech with the meaning of motion (primarily verbs) organizes the narrative chronotope of the story: the semantics of space and time is actualized with the help of the lexicon of motion. Each of the main characters is included into the narrative through the description of the peculiarities of their movement. The following movement parameters are essential for the lexico-grammatical organization of the original and translated texts: direction, mode and means of movement, speed, purpose and actions associated with movement. In this textual paradigm, the key role belongs to concrete and multidirectional verbs. The main character lives his life in a constant, energetic, well-directed and aimless movement, unlike other characters, whose movements are determined by fatigue / vigor, vector (up / down, forward/backward), unidirectional and multidirectional, purpose and means of movement. In the semantics of concrete verbs there is a derivative potential seme “purpose of movement,” which, however, is extinguished in the original and translated texts. The main semantic paradox of the text is created by the intra-textual opposition of “a certain direction” and “no purpose” of the movements of the main character.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pragmatic Aspect of Comparative Constructions in the Sayano-Altai Turks’ Epic Texts","authors":"I. V. Shentsova","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-158-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-158-173","url":null,"abstract":"Comparative constructions being under study in the article belong to the epic texts of the Sayano-Altai Turks (Altaians, Khakas, Tuvinians, Shors). Main attention is paid to the semantics of lexemes used as objects of comparison and lexemes acting as standards of comparison. The objects of comparison form the semantic zones of the epic text: “Hero”, “Heroic Horse”, “Bride of the Hero”, “Environment”. Denoting the standards of comparisons lexemes reflect the basic worldview of the indigenous Turks inhabiting Sayano-Altai (Siberian Russia). The stock of lexemes-standards consists of units denoting landscape, water sources, celestial bodies, meteorological phenomena, fauna, flora, arte factus. Actual signs characterizing the objects of description are measure; quantity of objects as undifferentiated multiplicity; shape of the object; intensity of actions; emotional evaluation of the object. Lexemes-standards acquire symbolic functions, e.g., a mountain is used as a polyfunctional symbol. It can symbolize the huge size of one object, a large number of objects, a pointed shape of the object, intensity of emotions (the power of anger). The stock of standards belonging to each epic language turns out to be functionally equivalent. Moreover, ethnic epic texts expose a great amount of homogenious lexical units. This fact proves that the Sayano-Altaians own a common system of cultural codes.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69317306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Theme of Separation in the Song Folklore of the Chuvash Settlers of the Kemerovo Region","authors":"E. I. Ismagilova, E. Fedotova","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-241-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-241-257","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the embodiment of the theme of separation in the song texts recorded in 1951 and 2007 from the Chuvash settlers of the Kemerovo region. This theme is present in guest and recruit songs, in the songs of immigrants created in the process of forced resettlement of the Chuvash to new lands. In aphoristic short-plot songs, the theme of separation often manifests itself in the form of separate words and verbal turns – “signs” that point to it. In guest songs, the theme of separation is conveyed most often through images of memories, distant distances, abandonment, sadness. “Signs” of crying, farewell, big cities, symbolizing the foreign side, prevail precisely in recruit songs; in them, the theme of separation sounds especially dramatic and tense. In the songs of the settlers, the images present in the guest and recruit songs are summed up. In addition, in the songs of the settlers there are detailed descriptions of the move and the harsh living conditions in new places. Probably, such a topic was relevant specifically for the bearers of the tradition in the middle of the 20th century, which is associated with their memories of forced resettlement in Siberia at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as with the memory of the difficult trials of the period of the Great Patriotic War. Despite the absence of song variants in the recordings of different times considered by us, there is a certain continuity in the folklore samples of the local Chuvash tradition of the Kemerovo region. It manifests itself in the similar themes of a number of the considered songs and the features of its expression (general words are “signs” indicating the theme of separation, the principle of two-link figurative parallelism is preserved in many texts).","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69317798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Communication in the Focus of Research Reflection: A Problem-Oriented Approach","authors":"Anna V. Beloedova, E. Kozhemyakin","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-54-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-54-70","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the problem-oriented approach to the multimodal communication as it is expounded by John Bateman, Janina Wildfeuer and Tuomo Hiippala. The authors claim for the productivity of the approach to the analysis of the contemporary informational communicational system in terms of developing media, i.e. smart- phones, computer games, 3D cinema, VR and AR technologies, etc., which are multimodal by their nature and use. The basic notions associated with multimodality include mode, communication situation, ergodic text with its features of mutability and temporality. The main characteristics of communication situations as an item of the multimodal analysis is the source of information, recipients, conditions of communication and its duration. While interacting, the communication situations bear linear, micro-ergodic, non-mutable ergodic and mutable ergodic types depending on the prevailing way of perception. The authors claim that the most representative results of research of “vague” and unpredictable multimodal objects could be gained by the mixt of quantitative and qualitative methods, including corpus analysis, eye-tracking technics, and computing methods.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Discourse-Forming Role of the Mode in the Communicative Process (Based on the Material of Transformations of a Scientific Text into an Educational One)","authors":"N. Golev, Olga S. Grigorieva","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-71-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-71-90","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses discursive modifications of a scientific text that arise when it is transformed into an educational text. The main subject of the study is the dictum-mode plan of interaction between two types of discourse and the relationship of dictum and mode in this regard. The main theoretical idea of the article is to identify and describe the dependence of the dictum-mode structure of the educational text on communicative strategies and tactics. Against this background, the determining role of the mode in the transformation of a scientific text into an educational one is substantiated: the mode is included in the author’s target settings, transforming a scientific text into an educational one, and, as a result, determines the content, composition and stylistic characteristics of the educational text.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Fine Ribbing of Partition Walls”: The Spatial Model of “The Life of Arsenyev”","authors":"E. Kapinos","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-311-339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-311-339","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the artistic space of Ivan Bunin’s novel “The Life of Arsenyev”. Stated that it is constructed according to the laws of lyrical poetics, which therefore determines the lyrical transformations of space, the through volumes of almost all loci, their dynamic intersections, reflections, multiplications, commutual substitutions. Lyrical spatial transformations are traced through specific examples of the novel. Particular attention is paid to toponyms, with reflections on why the text, rich in toponyms, lacks the key names of the nameless provincial town, native to Lika and Arsenyev, and the unnamed Little Russian town where Arsenyev takes Lika. Another theme of Bunin’s lyrical spatial poetics are the veiled changes from one locus description towards another one. Everything significant in the novel, including loci and narrative nodes, not sporadically; it is multiple and varies. For example, Arsenyev travels southwards three times, moving each time in the same direction, visiting the same places, which are described each time in a new way. The versatile space model repeats the laws of a verse with its plenteousness of vocalic alliterations, rhymes, internal rhymes, and multiple structural correlations. In much the same way that in a verse a sound and an intonation theme is recognized in its different variations, the descriptions of the same loci and situations in lyrical prose vary, vaguely repeated. The variations give obscure features to the described landscapes and events, constantly adding to them more and more shades of meaning.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Processes in Russian Emotive-Evaluative Vocabulary","authors":"E. Bulygina, T. A. Tripolskaya","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-1-30-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-1-30-51","url":null,"abstract":"Modern studies of the dynamic processes of the emotive-evaluative vocabulary are determined by 1) ideas about the nature and structure of the pragmatic macro-component and its interaction with the denotative semantics of the word, 2) the emergence of new vocabulary and text sources, 3) taking into account the parameters of the communicative situation (the relationship between the subject and the object of assessment, gender, age, social position of speakers and their intentions). The use of corpus and experimental methods in the study of evaluation makes it possible to identify significant changes in the semantics of different categories of vocabulary. In this article, the evaluative semantics is considered in relation to the elements of denotative and / or pragmatic gender, social and age macrocomponents. It has been revealed that the axiological characterization of a word, changing under the influence of the gender component, becomes significantly more complicated and varies depending on WHO (a man or a woman) evaluates and WHOM (a man or a woman) the speaker characterizes. In the thematic group ‘A weak-willed, spineless and feeble person’, there are dynamic processes, which are manifested in seme and semantic variation (the “male” characteristics tryapka, kisel', etc.), demonstrate an expansion of gender semantics, correlating with persons of both sexes. Thus, in the semantic structure of evaluative metaphors, independent evaluative meanings are formed, representing male and female weaknesses in different ways.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69316554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Murzilka” by N. M. Oleynikov","authors":"F. V. Kuvshinov","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-340-350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-340-350","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of the 19th century, small forest people – brownies – appeared in Russian literature, invented and drawn by the Canadian writer Palmer Cox. His main character – Murzilka – for half a century of his literary evolution transformed into the image of the well-known Soviet reader, Neznajka. One of the literary branches of the brownie’s development was Makar Svirepyj, the main character of Nikolai Oleynikov's comics. Unlike Murzilka of Cox and N. N. Nosov’s Neznajka, he is devoid of many negative traits. He is an extremely active and at the same time politicized character, which is associated with the change of the cultural code in Russia after 1917. Makar Svirepyj’s peculiarity lies in his ideology growing into ideology. At the same time, he inherited from the Brownie Cox a propensity for travel and the ability to get into unbelievable situations.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69318314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subregional Calendar Traditions of Belarusian Settlers: Stable, Mobile and Unique Components","authors":"T. V. Dayneko","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-224-240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-224-240","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the ritual and song components of the subregional calendar traditions of Belarusian settlers from the Omsk and Novosibirsk regions, Krasnoyarsk and Primorsky territories (records of songs and descriptions of rituals of the 1970s–2010s). It has been established that the subregional traditions of Belarusian settlers differ from each other in the composition of calendar rituals, the presence or absence of a song component in them and the number of song samples. The author comes to the conclusion that the annual calendar cycle of Belarusian migrants includes stable and mobile folklore and ethnographic complexes. Stable ones are developed in all the studied subregional traditions, in them the ratio of “rite-song genres” is balanced. Mobile ones may be present / absent in different sub-regional traditions or have different weight in their ritual-genre systems, the ratio of rituals and songs in such complexes is, as a rule, unequal. In addition, there are a small number of unique elements that distinguish any tradition from a number of others. The most stable is the winter festive folklore-ethnographic complex. It is present in all sub-regional traditions in sufficient completeness and safety. Only the Omsk subregion has a striking difference, where there is also a uniqat – the Christmas ritual game “Tereshka’s marriage”. The second stable component is the stubble ritual-labor complex with song genres related to it, including ritual ones and those dedicated to the season. The features of mobile folklore-ethnographic complexes are considered. The unique features of each subregional tradition are revealed.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69317766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principles of Lexicographic Coverage of the Ulch Language","authors":"Viktoriya A. Gorbunova","doi":"10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-128-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2022-2-128-141","url":null,"abstract":"The paper outlines basic principles of compiling the corpora and structuring a vocabulary entry for the prospective Ulch-Russian dictionary. The author presents an overview of the lexicographical materials related to the Ulch language that have been published in the 20th – 21st centuries. The conclusion is drawn that, due to the particular circumstances of the compilation and, sometimes, the intended functions (school instruction, comparative analysis), the existing dictionaries tend to have limited scope of lexicographical data in the entries and non-traditional approach to structuring components. In order to create a bilingual dictionary that covers the lexicon of the nearly-extinct Ulch language as much as possible while providing an appropriate summarization of phonetical, semantical, grammatical and pragmatic features for each lexical unit, a different approach is suggested. The new strategy involves exploring and reworking a number of specific parameters. On the macro-level, issues related to the placement of collocations and phonetic variations of the lexemes, polishing the cross-reference system, discerning the lexical items that can belong to different grammatical classes but lack clear indicators, and organizing homonyms are discussed. On the micro-level, the author drafts out an entry structure consisting of several zones and comments on the contents of each one. In particular, points such as selecting canonical forms, using different types of labeling, properly representing the semantic structure by selecting and grouping the equivalents, illustrating the lexeme’s pragmatic potential remain the focus of discussion.","PeriodicalId":36800,"journal":{"name":"Kritika i Semiotika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69316792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}