Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal最新文献

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Voting with Public Information 公开信息投票
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-06-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2600507
Shuo Liu
{"title":"Voting with Public Information","authors":"Shuo Liu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2600507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2600507","url":null,"abstract":"We study the effect of public information on collective decision-making in committees, where members can have both common and conflicting interests. In the presence of public information, the simple and efficient vote-your-signal strategy profile no longer constitutes an equilibrium under the commonly-used simultaneous voting rules, while the intuitive but inefficient follow-the-expert strategy profile almost always does. Although more information may be aggregated if agents are able to coordinate on more sophisticated equilibria, inefficiency can persist even in large elections if the provision of public information introduces general correlation between the signals observed by the agents. We propose simple voting procedures that can indirectly implement the outcomes of optimal anonymous and ex post incentive compatible mechanisms with public information. The proposed voting procedures also have additional advantages when there is a concern for strategic disclosure of public information.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130328390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Attitudes Toward Welfare Expansion with a Tax Increase in South Korea 韩国人对增税扩大福利的态度
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2474216
Soomi Lee, Kyungmee Park
{"title":"Attitudes Toward Welfare Expansion with a Tax Increase in South Korea","authors":"Soomi Lee, Kyungmee Park","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2474216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2474216","url":null,"abstract":"While large-scale social program expansions are under way in many Asian countries, fiscal sustainability to fund those programs is in question. Despite the common belief that people are unwilling to pay more taxes, a considerable number of people support the expansion even with tax increases in these countries. Nonetheless, the determinants of this attitude have not been well understood. We examine this question using the case of South Korea. Analyzing a nationally representative sample, we find that besides conservatives, the resistance to the social service expansion with a tax increase is driven by the politically independent, middle-income class.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130740501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
State Legitimacy and Sector of Employment 国家合法性和就业部门
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-05-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3187242
C. Hindermann
{"title":"State Legitimacy and Sector of Employment","authors":"C. Hindermann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3187242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3187242","url":null,"abstract":"Based on Social Identity Theory (SIT), this paper analyzes whether state employees (in-group) have higher state legitimacy beliefs than employees working in the private sector (out-group). Using the fifth and the sixth waves of the World Values Survey and using a legitimacy measure that is based on Norris (1999), multi-level analyses provide evidence in favor of our hypothesis. State employees show significantly higher state legitimacy beliefs than employees working in the private sector. However, it remains unclear whether this effect is driven by social comparisons (SIT) or is simply a result of labor market selection mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"16 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114031191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Will Democracy Endure Private School Choice? The Effect of the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program on Adult Voting Behavior 民主会容忍私立学校的选择吗?密尔沃基父母选择计划对成人投票行为的影响
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-05-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3177517
Corey A. DeAngelis, Patrick J. Wolf
{"title":"Will Democracy Endure Private School Choice? The Effect of the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program on Adult Voting Behavior","authors":"Corey A. DeAngelis, Patrick J. Wolf","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3177517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3177517","url":null,"abstract":"We employ probit regression analysis to compare the adult voting activity of students who participated in the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program (MPCP) to their matched public school counterparts. We use a sophisticated matching algorithm to create a traditional public school student comparison group using data from the state-mandated evaluation of the MPCP. By the time the students are 19-26 years old, we do not find evidence that private school voucher students are more or less likely to vote in 2012 or 2016 than students educated in public schools. These results are robust to all models and are consistent for all subgroups.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121737666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Polarization, Participation, and Policy Performance: The Case of ACA Marketplaces 两极分化、参与和政策绩效:以ACA市场为例
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-05-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3081991
Samuel Trachtman
{"title":"Polarization, Participation, and Policy Performance: The Case of ACA Marketplaces","authors":"Samuel Trachtman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3081991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3081991","url":null,"abstract":"Political partisanship can influence whether individuals enroll in government programs. In particular, Republicans, ceteris paribus, are less likely to enroll in Affordable Care Act individual marketplace insurance than Democrats. The logic of adverse selection suggests low uptake amongst Republicans would generally put upward pressure on marketplace premiums, especially in geographic areas with more Republican partisans. I provide empirical evidence that insurers have increased marketplace premiums at higher rates in areas with more Republican voters. A variety of robustness checks indicate that a meaningful portion of the variation in premium growth is driven by partisanship and not confounding factors. This finding suggests political polarization threatens the successful implementation of policies that rely on high levels of citizen participation.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131694258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Election Fraud and Political Survival of Subnational Actors: A Case of Russia 选举舞弊与地方行动者的政治生存:以俄罗斯为例
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-04-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3160355
K. Kalinin
{"title":"Election Fraud and Political Survival of Subnational Actors: A Case of Russia","authors":"K. Kalinin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3160355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3160355","url":null,"abstract":"The political survival of governors in Russia largely depends on their ability to address the Kremlin's electoral needs during the federal elections. To ensure their own political survival and address Kremlin's electoral needs, the governors can resort to election fraud in both parliamentary and presidential elections. This research aims to study the degree to which election fraud helps governors to extend their terms in office by analyzing three major periods: 2000-2005 electoral period, when the governors were elected by their regional electorate; 2005-2012 appointment period, when the governors were appointed by the Kremlin; 2012-present post-appointment electoral period, when the gubernatorial elections were restored. In this paper I develop the theory of gubernatorial survival in Russia, formulate research hypotheses and test said hypotheses using a Cox proportional hazards model, which includes finite mixture estimates and last digits in percentages tests as primary measures of election fraud.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126451463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Recovering Social Networks from Panel Data: Identification, Simulations and an Application 从面板数据中恢复社会网络:识别、模拟和应用
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-03-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3322049
Imran Rasul, Áureo de Paula, Pedro C. L. Souza
{"title":"Recovering Social Networks from Panel Data: Identification, Simulations and an Application","authors":"Imran Rasul, Áureo de Paula, Pedro C. L. Souza","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3322049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3322049","url":null,"abstract":"It is almost self-evident that social interactions can determine economic behavior and outcomes. Yet, information on social ties does not exist in most publicly available and widely used datasets. We present methods to recover information on the entire structure of social networks from observational panel data that contains no information on social ties between individuals. In the context of a canonical social interactions model, we provide sufficient conditions under which the social interactions matrix, endogenous and exogenous social effect parameters are all globally identified. We describe how high-dimensional estimation techniques can be used to estimate the model based on the Adaptive Elastic Net GMM method. We showcase our method in Monte Carlo simulations using two stylized and two real world network structures. Finally, we employ our method to study tax competition across US states. We find the identified network structure of tax competition differs markedly from the common assumption of tax competition between geographically neighboring states. We analyze the identified social interactions matrix to provide novel insights into the long-standing debate on the relative roles of factor mobility and yardstick competition in driving tax setting behavior across states. Most broadly, our method shows how the analysis of social interactions can be usefully extended to economic realms where no network data exists.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123723845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 42
Blockchain Enhancing Political Accountability? Sierra Leone 2018 Case 区块链增强政治问责?塞拉利昂2018年病例
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3147006
Usman W. Chohan
{"title":"Blockchain Enhancing Political Accountability? Sierra Leone 2018 Case","authors":"Usman W. Chohan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3147006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3147006","url":null,"abstract":"This discussion paper considers the possibilities for bolstering political accountability using blockchain systems, and uses the 2018 Sierra Leonean elections to illustrate the case for enhanced transparency and accountability through the installment of blockchain-based technologies. The findings of the paper suggest that similar blockchain architectures can be deployed in other countries for the purposes of bolstering accountability and transparency in the political realm.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121323319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Stupendous US Record Gets Suppressed 惊人的美国唱片被压制了
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-03-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3151288
Amity Shlaes
{"title":"The Stupendous US Record Gets Suppressed","authors":"Amity Shlaes","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3151288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3151288","url":null,"abstract":"In America, free marketeers may sometimes win elections. But they are not winning U.S. history. American history is no longer a history of opportunity. In recent years, the consensus regarding the American past has slipped leftward, and then leftward again. No longer is American history a story of opportunity, or of military or domestic triumph. America’s has become, rather, a story of wrongs, racial and social. Today, any historical figure who failed at any time to support abolition, or, worse, took the Confederate side in the Civil War, must be expunged from history. Wrongs must be righted, and equality of result enforced. The equality campaign spills over into a less obvious field, one that might otherwise provide a useful check upon the non-empirical claims of the humanities: economics. In a discipline that once showcased the power of markets, an axiom is taking hold: equal incomes lead to general prosperity, and point toward utopia. Teachers, book club presidents, and especially professors withhold any evidence to the contrary. Universities lead the shift, and the population follows. Today, millennials, those born between 1982 and 2000, outnumber baby boomers by the millions, and polls suggest that they support redistribution specifically, and government action generally, more than their predecessors. A 2014 Reason/Rupe poll found 48 percent of millennials agreeing that government should “do more” to solve problems, whereas 37 percent said that government was doing “too many things.” A full 58 percent of the youngest of millennials, those 18-24 when surveyed, held a “positive” view of socialism, in dramatic contrast with their parents: only 23 percent of those aged 55 to 64 viewed socialism positively.","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123053888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Why So Serious?: Survey Trolls and Misinformation 为什么这么严肃?:调查喷子和错误信息
Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal Pub Date : 2018-03-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3131087
Jesse Lopez, D. S. Hillygus
{"title":"Why So Serious?: Survey Trolls and Misinformation","authors":"Jesse Lopez, D. S. Hillygus","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3131087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3131087","url":null,"abstract":"Following the 2016 Presidential Election, there has been growing concern with the prevalence of fake news stories and political rumors; and the consequences this might have on the level of misinformation held by the American public. Most research has assumed that self-reported beliefs in political misinformation are entirely sincere, and while there has been some research on the extent to which reporting belief in misinformation is expressive, most scholars conclude that American public is genuinely misinformed. We offer another possibility: reported beliefs in political misinformation may be partially the result of satisficing and of respondents deliberately responding in a humorous manner—trolling the survey. Using original survey data from two separate studies conducted in 2017 that included measures of low incident demographic items, self-reported response insincerity, and a wide variety of political and non-political beliefs, we examine the extent to which estimates of political misinformation are biased by measurement error and survey trolling. Our results suggest that not only do “survey trolls” exist, and report beliefs in systematically different ways, but their humorous responding can upwardly bias the level of belief in more recent cases of political rumors and misinformation (e.g., PizzaGate).","PeriodicalId":365899,"journal":{"name":"Political Behavior: Voting & Public Opinion eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129368289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 48
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