Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and Association of Malaria With ABO Blood Groups in Bosaso City, Puntland, Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Yahye Isse Hassan,&nbsp;Mohamed Said Hassan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70570","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malaria remains a global health concern, with an estimated 249 million cases annually and 2.2 billion people at risk of infection. This study aimed to investigate the association between malaria species and ABO blood groups and identify the relationship between ABO blood groups and parasitemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia, from November 2022 to May 2023. Data were collected through simple random sampling involving 201 confirmed malaria cases from the national hospital. Blood samples obtained via finger prick were prepared as thick and thin smears, stained, and examined microscopically. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and ANOVA tests to assess associations between malaria species, blood groups, and parasitemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of <i>Plasmodium</i> species was as follows: <i>P. falciparum</i> (48%), <i>P. vivax</i> (41%), and others (10%). Older age groups (31–45 and 46–60 years) exhibited higher prevalence rates for <i>P. falciparum</i> (50.7%–80.8%), while younger participants demonstrated increased susceptibility to <i>P. vivax</i>. Blood groups B (24%) and AB (18.8%) presented lower <i>P. falciparum</i> prevalence, whereas blood groups A (55.4%) and O (54.7%) displayed higher prevalence rates. Significant associations were observed between age groups and <i>Plasmodium</i> species (<i>χ</i>² = 14.2, <i>p</i> = 0.027; <i>F</i> = 4.848, <i>p</i> = 0.030) and between blood groups and <i>Plasmodium</i> species (<i>χ</i>² = 23.9, <i>p</i> = 0.001; <i>F</i> = 3.583, <i>p</i> = 0.015). A relationship between blood groups and parasitemia was also identified (<i>χ</i>² = 17.4, <i>p</i> = 0.008; <i>F</i> = 12.79, <i>p</i> = 0.017).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this study not only underscore the higher risk of <i>P. falciparum</i> in older individuals but also provide crucial insights into the interplay between malaria and ABO blood groups. This knowledge is significant for enhancing community awareness and implementing effective management strategies to reduce the risk of malaria, thereby enlightening the reader about the potential impact of this research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Project-Based Approach as Methodology to Improve Academic Performance of Medical School Students Within the Research Line Teaching Course: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"Ekaterina Kldiashvili,&nbsp;Ivane Abiatari,&nbsp;Maia Zarnadze","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70562","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Traditional teaching methods in medical education often fail to engage students or foster critical research skills required for evidence-based medicine. Project-based learning (PBL) is widely recognized for promoting active learning and improving academic performance, although its application in research-focused medical courses remains underexplored, especially in low-resource settings. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PBL in enhancing academic performance and originality compared to traditional literature review-based assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A quasi-experimental study was conducted between March 11, 2024 and May 31, 2024, with 179 twelfth-semester medical students divided into two groups: the experimental group (PBL approach, <i>n</i> = 108) and the control group (literature review-based approach, <i>n</i> = 71). Students in the PBL group completed the full research cycle, including topic selection, data collection, analysis, research paper formulation, while the control group focused on synthesizing existing literature. Academic performance (course grades) and originality (Turnitin similarity percentage) were measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent samples <i>t</i>-tests, with a significance threshold of <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The PBL group demonstrated significantly higher academic performance (mean: 82.5, median: 85) compared to the control group (mean: 66.5, median: 63.75; <i>t</i>(177) = −20.53, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Similarly, originality improved significantly in the PBL group, with lower similarity scores (mean: 4.17%, median: 4.5%) than the control group (mean: 12.62%, median: 13%, <i>t</i>(177) = 13.74, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Variability in academic performance was slightly higher in the PBL group (standard deviation: 5.80 vs<i>.</i> 4.81), reflecting the individualized nature of PBL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study confirms that PBL significantly enhances academic performance and fosters originality among medical students, particularly in research-focused courses. The findings underscore the potential of PBL as a transformative approach to medical education, addressing gaps in traditional methods while aligning with global trends in evidence-based practice and academic integrity. PBL is recommended as an adaptable and effective strategy, especially in resource-limited educational settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Prostatic Artery Embolization for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Symptoms: A Prospective Single-Center Study","authors":"Sina Delazar,&nbsp;Sina Azadnajafabad,&nbsp;Kavous Firouznia,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Nowroozi,&nbsp;Erfan Amini,&nbsp;Maryam Fotouhi,&nbsp;Hossein Ghanaati","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70565","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is among the most common urologic conditions in elderly men, presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms. Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a recent interventional treatment for BPH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective single-center study reviewed the results of cases that underwent PAE for BPH from 2020 to 2022. Inclusion criteria were men with BPH refractory to pharmacologic treatment or those experiencing persistent adverse effects from medications, who were not candidates for surgical management. Assessments were made using ultrasonography for prostate volume and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) before and at 3 and 12 months after PAE. The clinical success rate of PAE was assessed according to the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe Standards of Practice. Recurrence of symptoms and complications after PAE were also recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From a total of 46 included patients, clinical success was achieved in 93% at 3 months and 85% at 12 months. Complications occurred in eight (17.4%) cases, including five cases of erectile dysfunction and three cases of urinary tract infection. Eight (17.4%) cases had recurrent symptoms and required pharmacologic treatment, while seven (15.2%) needed surgery. The IPSS score dropped significantly at 3 months, with a mean difference of −16.2 (95% CI: −17.7 to −14.8) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and at 12 months after PAE, with a mean difference of −13.5 (95% CI: −15.9 to −11.1) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Prostate volume decreased significantly at 3 months, with a mean difference of −36.0 (95% CI: −43.0 to −29.0) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and at 12 months, with a mean difference of −37.3 (95% CI: −43.7 to −31.0) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this study indicate that PAE is an effective therapeutic approach for patients with BPH, demonstrated by the low rates of adverse events and the absence of major complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth-Associated Protein 43 Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Correspond to the Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations in Alzheimer's Dementia Continuum: An Original Study","authors":"Neda Songhori,&nbsp;Maryam Shamsi Goushky,&nbsp;Mohammad Mehdi Khaleghi,&nbsp;Marzieh Mojerloo,&nbsp;Mohammad Sadeghi,&nbsp;Mehrdad Mozafar,&nbsp;Zahra Babaie Aghdam,&nbsp;Maryam Ghajar,&nbsp;Yalda Kianifar,&nbsp;Farough Karimzadeh,&nbsp;Farbod Khosravi,&nbsp;Mahsa Mayeli","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70534","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition that has a growing impact on a global scale. This study aims to examine the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the synaptic biomarker growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) through the utilization of arterial spin labeling (ASL). The research identified noteworthy correlations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) GAP-43 levels, CBF, and cognitive composite scores, especially among participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who possess the APOE-ε4 gene.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study examined 92 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, including 36 cognitively normal (CN) and 56 MCI. The cognitive status of 42 participants was evaluated using ADNI composite scores. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the comparison of continuous variables between groups, and multiple linear regression analysis with adjustments for confounding factors was used to assess the relationship between GAP-43 and CBF values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant positive correlations were observed between GAP-43 levels and (A) the executive function composite score (ADNI_EF) in CN individuals, as well as (B) the language composite score (ADNI_LAN) in individuals with MCI. CSF biomarkers and ASL regions did not show statistical significance between diagnostic groups after correction for multiple comparisons. No significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between diagnostic groups. However, associations were observed between ROI CBF and Mini Mental State Examination in various subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings indicate a potential function for ASL perfusion in identifying early AD-related alterations and gaining insight into the pathophysiology of AD and mild cognitive impairment.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study revealed associations between CBF, cognitive scores, and APOE-ε4 gene status. This study contributes to the comprehension of the correlation between CSF biomarkers, regional brain perfusion, and cognitive function in individuals with AD using ASL as a noninvasive approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phubbing Behavior and its Association With Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Rehabilitation Students in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Parvin Dibajnia,&nbsp;Mahdi Azizi,&nbsp;Farnaz Fathollahzadeh,&nbsp;Mehdi Rezaei","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70416","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aimed to determine the relationship between phubbing behavior and its association with depression, anxiety, and stress among college students of the School of Rehabilitation at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional survey design used a self-reported questionnaire that included demographic data, DASS21, and a phubbing scale. The Generic Scale of Phubbing was administered to 320 students from four fields of school of Rehabilitation at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Data analysis was done using the 22nd SPSS software version. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to the non-parametric tests, the study revealed a significant association between mental health components and the primary study variables. Specifically, there was a statistically significant positive correlation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) between all components of mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress) and phubbing. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) was identified between all dimensions of phubbing (nomophobia, conflict, self-isolation, and problem confirmation) and the components of mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The final results indicate that 15% of the total variation in phubbing phubbing can be attributed to the variables of depression and educational background. We suggest that phubbing behavior is linked to lower levels of well-being and mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"#TobaccoNoMore: Insights From Malaysia's Smoking Patterns and Their Implications for the Philippines","authors":"John Patrick C. Toledo","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70567","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I've read with great interest the study entitled Exploring Prevalence and Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Smoking Among Malaysian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study [<span>1</span>]. It looks into how common smoking is among adults in Malaysia and discovers a number of sociodemographic variables that affect smoking behavior. By using a cross-sectional approach, the study provides a brief summary of smoking behaviors and related traits in the general population.</p><p>The results offer important new information about the demographic elements that are associated with smoking prevalence, including age, gender, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status. For public health programs that attempt to lower smoking rates and customize interventions for certain high-risk groups, this information is important.</p><p>Because it emphasizes the significance of raising knowledge about smoking and its negative health effects, this study has scientific significance that goes beyond Malaysia. The report emphasizes the necessity of successful and efficient public health initiatives that discuss both smoking and the rise of vaping as a substitute that many people believe to be safer. But is vaping safer or another health risk?</p><p>The results are especially pertinent in the Philippine setting. The nation has comparable problems with smoking and the growing vaping trend. There is a vaping shop on every corner. In their study, there is a prohibition of the sale of tobacco products to minors [<span>1</span>]. This is also in line with the Philippine context. The Republic Act No. 9211 stated that prohibition of selling tobacco products to those aged 18 years old and below. However, even near schools there are shops that sell tobacco and e-cigarettes. Misconceptions regarding vaping's safety in comparison to traditional smoking are frequently caused by inaccurate information. Policymakers and health advocates in the Philippines can learn from this study how important it is to communicate clearly the dangers of smoking and vaping as well.</p><p>By comprehending the sociodemographic elements that impact smoking in Malaysia, comparable tactics to stop smoking and vaping might be created in the Philippine context. The research highlights the urgent need for evidence-based public health strategies that can successfully address these problems and encourage adults to lead healthier lives.</p><p><b>John Patrick C. Toledo:</b> conceptualization, writing – original draft, resources, writing – review and editing.</p><p>Ethical standards are followed in the research.</p><p>The author declares no conflicts of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between School Culture and Students' Academic Well-Being Through the Mediating Role of the Satisfaction of the Basic Psychological Needs: A Correlational Study","authors":"Erfan Fattahi Bozhani,&nbsp;Khodamorad Momeni,&nbsp;Asieh Moradi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70379","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since adolescents spend the majority of their daily time at school, understanding the impact of school culture on their experiences seems to be crucial, as it shapes their educational environment and well-being. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between school culture and academic well-being (AWB) through the mediating role of the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs (SBPN) in students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It was a correlational study. The statistical population of the study included all high school students in Kermanshah, Iran in the academic year 2020–2021, among whom 522 students were selected using cluster sampling to be a research sample. The research tools included Academic Well-Being, school culture and basic psychological needs questionnaires.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The structural equations modeling was used in LISREL 8.8 software to analyze the data. The results of data analysis confirmed the appropriate fit of the overall model in sample of the study (<i>X</i>²/df = 2.77, GFI = 0.92, IFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.06). There was a significant relationship between students' relations and their AWB through SBPN, and also between educational opportunities and AWB through SBPN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the findings, interventions should focus on fostering a supportive school culture that enhances SBPN in students. This approach may improve students' academic well-being and overall educational experiences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Predictors of Environmental Health Knowledge and Competences in a Sample of Catalan Paediatricians","authors":"Mikel Subiza-Pérez,&nbsp;Ferran Campillo i López,&nbsp;Kalliopi Vrostsou,&nbsp;Jesús Ibarluzea","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70569","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Their close contact with the cokes paediatricians a key group of healthcare professionals for the dissemination of environmental health (EH) notions and the protection of children and families. However, international studies show that their knowledge and competences in EH matters are limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited a sample of 293 paediatricians (80% women, mean age 47 years) working in Catalonia (Spain). The participants filled in a battery of questions that allowed us to describe EH knowledge and competences and study the role of certain potential predictors on these two EH constructs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that nature relatedness predicted both EH knowledge and competences. Those interested in environmental issues scored higher in EH knowledge, while older participants reported higher competence levels. We could not confirm the predictive role of other sociodemographic (e.g., gender) or psycho-environmental variables (e.g., worry about environmental concerns).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results underscore the need to focus on training younger professionals and suggest that fostering psychological connections with nature and the environment might be a suitable approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70569","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Anxiety and Depression With Suicidal Thoughts and Suicidal Ideation Amongst Dental Personnel—A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Abhishek Lal,&nbsp;Shaharyar Usman,&nbsp;Dinaz Ghandhi,&nbsp;Shweta Gohil,&nbsp;Sara Saeed,&nbsp;Sara Altamash,&nbsp;Naseer Ahmed,&nbsp;Artak Heboyan,&nbsp;Gotam Das","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70561","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychological disorders like anxiety and depression are prevalent among dental professionals, being responsible for negatively affecting their mental health. Such factors are detrimental and may lead to suicidal thoughts and ideation. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of anxiety and depression on suicidal thoughts and ideation among dental professionals in Pakistan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This descriptive, cross-sectional study formulated a self-reporting online questionnaire of dental professionals of Karachi, Pakistan between September and December 2023. The online questionnaire consisted of demographics and validated tools to measure anxiety using GAD-7, depression using PHQ-9, and Suicide thoughts and ideation using SIDAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 636 dental professionals were recruited in the study. Overall, 76.1% of the participants reported moderate to severe anxiety, 64.1% experienced moderate to severe depression, and 11.9% of participants reported high levels of suicidal thoughts and ideation. Anxiety and depression had a statistically significant association with suicide among dental professionals (<i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the positive association of anxiety and depression with suicidal ideation and thoughts among dental professionals. Hence, it is important to monitor the mental health of dental professionals and provide essential health and support to overcome such psychological distress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor Glycemic Control and Its Predictors Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Insights From a Single-Centre Retrospective Study in Ghana","authors":"Samuel Kyeremeh Adjei,&nbsp;Prosper Adjei,&nbsp;Patience Adasah Nkrumah","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70558","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary objective of glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus is to avert or postpone complications, which ultimately leads to an improved quality of life. Nonetheless, achieving the recommended targets for glycemic control in clinical settings often proves challenging. Consequently, it is crucial to ascertain factors that affect glycemic outcomes to enhance the management of diabetes mellitus. This study sought to evaluate the levels of glycemic control and the associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes receiving care at the Methodist Hospital, Wenchi, Ghana.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was conducted using an existing database. Glycemic control was evaluated by HbA1c measurements with a target of &lt; 7% indicating good control, as per the guidelines established by the American Diabetes Association for nonpregnant adults. HbA1c levels ≥ 7% were classified as poor control. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 and multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the factors affecting glycemic control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median HbA1c level among the participants was 7.9% (IQR: 5.8–9.9). Majority (59.3%) demonstrated poor glycemic control with HbA1c ≥ 7%. Factors associated with poor glycemic control included advanced age (AOR: 4.32, 95% CI: 0.61–11.21, <i>p</i> = 0.012), duration of diabetes mellitus &gt; 10 years (AOR: 3.60, 95% CI: 1.05–9.82, <i>p</i> = 0.019), insulin therapy (AOR: 3.13, 95% CI: 0.55–11.01, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and hypertension diagnosis (AOR: 2.88, 95% CI: 0.75–5.45, <i>p</i> = 0.030).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study indicated that a considerable proportion of individuals with diabetes exhibited inadequate glycemic control. Older age, longer duration of diabetes mellitus, insulin therapy and comorbid hypertension were significantly associated with poor glycemic control among the study population. Multidisciplinary interventions as well as customized management strategies are required to ensure effective glycemic control to prevent long-term complications of diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}