Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Common Femoral Vein Wall Thickness as a Diagnostic Marker for Behçet's Disease: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Raghad Tarcha,&nbsp;Muttaz Hanna,&nbsp;Mohamad Ali Nahas,&nbsp;Maysoun Kudsi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71296","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent publications have highlighted the potential diagnostic value of measuring common femoral vein (CFV) wall thickness in Behçet's Disease (BD). The diagnosis of BD remains a clinical challenge. The objective of this study is to evaluate the utility of venous Doppler ultrasound measurement of CFV wall thickness as a diagnostic tool for BD and to differentiate it from healthy controls (HCs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 96 individuals were included: 48 patients with BD and 48 HCs. CFV wall thickness was measured bilaterally using venous Doppler ultrasound. Comparative statistical analyses were performed between groups, and diagnostic cutoff values were determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both right and left whole-wall thickness (WWT) of the CFV were significantly higher in the BD group compared to HCs (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). A diagnostic cutoff value of ≥ 0.668 mm for CFV WWT effectively distinguished BD from HCs, with a sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 100%. Among BD patients, those with vascular involvement had notably thicker CFV walls. No significant correlations were observed with ocular, neurological, articular, or gastrointestinal involvement, nor with laboratory markers or most treatment modalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ultrasound assessment of CFV wall thickness is a promising, noninvasive diagnostic tool that may aid in differentiating BD from healthy individuals. Its significant association with vascular involvement further supports its role as a potential marker of disease severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative Risk of All-Cause Mortality Associated With Cannabis Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies","authors":"Zainab Alimoradi,&nbsp;Chung-Ying Lin,&nbsp;Daniel T. Myran,&nbsp;Marco Solmi,&nbsp;Amir H. Pakpour","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cannabis use has high prevalence and health burden. Although the effects of cannabis use have been studied in the literature, no systematic review and meta-analysis has measured its association with all-cause mortality. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to systematically synthesize the evidence on association between cannabis use and all-cause mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following the preregistered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42023396915), we searched in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and ProQuest databases until end of October 2023. We included cohort studies comparing individuals using versus not using cannabis and measuring the association with all-cause mortality. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted calculating the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity and publication bias were measured. Sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were conducted. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess study quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fourteen cohort studies were included (prospective 50%), reporting on 17,545,076 participants (3,000,667 people who use cannabis [PWUC]). The overall RR estimation of all-cause mortality among PWUC versus nonusers was 1.53 (95% CI: 1.09; 2.14, <i>I</i>²: 98%; <i>τ</i>²: 0.38). Significantly different RR was observed in prospective versus retrospective designs (2.07 vs. 1.11); cohorts of the general population versus patients (2.53 vs. 1.03). Study sample size was a significant moderator of the association between cannabis use and all-cause mortality, with larger sample size being associated with smaller effect size and less heterogeneity. Based on GRADE assessment, observational evidence, with unadjusted estimates, high heterogeneity with inconsistent results, the overall certainty of evidence seems to be low.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cannabis use was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in the general population but not in patients with severe underlying medical co-morbidities. It should be noted that the evidence may currently be biased and new methodologically strong studies need to be conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Genetic and Chemical Drivers in the Pathogenesis of DRESS Syndrome: In Silico Study","authors":"Ahmed I. AbdElneam,&nbsp;Mohammed S. Al-Dhubaibi,&nbsp;Saleh S. Bahaj,&nbsp;Ghada F. Mohammed,&nbsp;Lina M. Atef,&nbsp;Walaa A. Siam,&nbsp;Amany A. E. Elshemally,&nbsp;Ali I. A. Abdel Rhaim,&nbsp;Sameh S. Aziz","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71283","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pathophysiology of drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is complex and poorly understood. Genetic predispositions play a significant role. We aimed to explore the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms driving DRESS, focusing on gene expression, transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and chemical interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We utilized RNA-seq data from the GSE160369 data set in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to DRESS. The analysis was conducted using GEO2R for identifying upregulated and downregulated genes. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using STRING and further analyzed with Cytoscape and CytoHubba. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to identify biological pathways. miRNAs and TFs were predicted using bioinformatics tools like TargetScan, miRDB, and ChEA3, while chemical interactions with key genes were explored using CTDbase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 336 DEGs were identified, including 239 upregulated and 97 downregulated genes. The PPI network highlighted TNF, IL2, and CD40 as central genes involved in immune-related pathways. Functional enrichment analyses revealed significant pathways related to immune activation, such as leukocyte-mediated immunity. We predicted 15 miRNAs, including hsa-miR-1296-5p, and identified 10 TFs, such as MTF1 and NFKB2, which regulate the expression of key genes. Chemical interaction analysis revealed decitabine and tetradecanoylphorbol acetate as prominent agents modulating gene expression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>miRNAs, TFs, and chemical modulators, which play a key role in the development of DRESS syndrome. Knowledge of the molecular underpinnings of DRESS, imperative for therapeutic targets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Psychoactive Substance Use and Adolescent Mothers on Early Childhood Development in Mexico: An Observational Study","authors":"Francisco-Javier Prado-Galbarro,&nbsp;Carlos Sanchez-Piedra,&nbsp;Ana-Estela Gamiño-Arroyo,&nbsp;Jasmine-Rena Baldwin,&nbsp;Juan-Manuel Martinez-Nuñez","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71126","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Teen pregnancy and psychoactive substance use represent some of the factors that can have a negative impact on children's development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objetives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the effect of the prevalence of drug, alcohol and tobacco use in the different federative entities in Mexico and children with adolescent mothers on the early childhood development (ECD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observational study. ECD was evaluated with the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) using the 2015 National Survey of Boys, Girls and Women. The prevalence of psychoactive substance use was estimated using the 2016 National Survey of Drug, Alcohol and Tobacco use. Association of ECD with different characteristics of the environment where the children resided was explored using a multilevel logistic regression model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average age for an adolescent mother was 18 years and for an adult mother it was 28 years. The population is characterized by a higher percentage of children who attend early education, have support for learning, have three or more books and receive adequate care. The children with adolescent mothers (aOR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.03–2.31) the prevalence of ilegal drug use use (aOR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02–1.32) and number of homicides (aOR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03–1.36) were factors associated with inadequate ECD. Finally, population density was negatively associated with inadequate ECD (aOR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.88–0.95).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Mexico, children with adolescent mothers and children with inadequate ECD prevail in populations in a situation of vulnerability. These findings can be useful to design public policies that consider the individual and social context of children and their mothers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Antitobacco Message on Smoking Behavior Among University Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Maruf Hasan Rumi,&nbsp;Sayed Jubair Bin Hossain,&nbsp;Adila Reza Hasan,&nbsp;Md Abu Sayem","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71293","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tobacco consumption continues to be a significant public health issue among university students, highlighting the need for an in-depth analysis of the factors that shape smoking behaviors. This study explores the effects of Antitobacco messaging from various sources—including media, parents, religious institutions, and peers—on the smoking behaviors of students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study employing a quantitative approach was conducted among 632 university students in Bangladesh, selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire developed based on the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior following face to face interview. The analysis was carried out using STATA version 18, incorporating both descriptive statistics and logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings reveal that Antismoking messages often reinforce positive attitude toward smoking cessation among university students. The findings indicate that consistent exposure to these messages' shapes students' subjective norms and attitudes, promoting smoking abstinence, particularly among females. Parental guidance, along with religious messages prevents initiation among non-smokers, whereas peer-led messages have limited effects on students who never smoked. Cessation messages are more effective for females compared to males, while Muslim smokers show a more favorable response to Antitobacco messages, and cessation efforts are more successful in private universities than in public ones. These findings underscore the complexity of smoking behaviors among university students, calling for tailored intervention strategies that consider gender differences, institutional contexts, and the nuanced roles of social influences in tobacco cessation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This finding should serve as a catalyst for policy-making debates aimed at re-innovating Antismoking messages to motivate university students to quit smoking and achieving a tobacco-free Bangladesh by 2040.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the Determinants of Colorectal Cancer Screening Behaviors Using Protection Motivation Theory: A Cross-Sectional Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Analysis","authors":"Mahdi Gholian-Aval,&nbsp;Bahareh Behrouzi,&nbsp;Jamshid Jamali","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71295","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening reduces mortality by 40%–60%, yet participation remains low globally. In this study, we applied protection motivation theory (PMT) to identify determinants of CRC screening behavior in Iran using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 433 adults over 50 years of age using stratified sampling in Neyshabur, Iran in 2024. Participants completed a validated 43-item PMT questionnaire assessing key cognitive factors (perceived sensitivity, severity, self-efficacy, response efficacy, response costs, fear, rewards, and behavioral intention), with self-reported screening behavior as the outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the PMT constructs, self-efficacy had the highest mean score (69.43 ± 18.97 out of 100), while actual screening behavior had the lowest (26.12 ± 9.93 out of 100). PLS-SEM analysis revealed significant pathways: perceived severity (<i>β</i> = 0.118, <i>p</i> = 0.030) and response efficacy (<i>β</i> = 0.172, <i>p</i> = 0.003) positively influenced behavioral intention, while perceived rewards negatively impacted intention (<i>β</i> = −0.197, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Fear mediated sensitivity/severity effects on intention (<i>β</i> = 0.155, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Notably, self-efficacy and response costs showed nonsignificant relationships with intention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants demonstrated moderate intention (54.8 of 100) yet low screening behavior (26.1 of 100), highlighting a critical intention–behavior gap. While PMT constructs effectively predicted screening intention, their limited ability to explain behavior underscores the influence of contextual barriers beyond cognitive appraisals in this Iranian cohort. Future interventions should integrate PMT-based education targeting threat appraisal with system-level strategies (e.g., mailed test kits, navigational support) to bridge this implementation gap.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lip, Oral Cavity, and Pharyngeal Cancers: Global Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention: A Narrative Review","authors":"Rasoul Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Masouri,&nbsp;Iman Razeghian,&nbsp;Ghazal Azad,&nbsp;Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71289","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers (LOPC) are malignancies arising in the lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal tissues, often asymptomatic in early stages. We aimed to perform a narrative review of the literature on the global LOPC epidemiology, economic burden, risk factors, as well as preventive strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar up to June 2024, using keywords related to lip, oral, and pharyngeal cancers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are several risk factors for these cancers, including tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, low socioeconomic status, dietary factors (high meat and low fruits or vegetables consumption), genetics, radiation exposure, demographic factors, poor oropharyngeal health, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, occupational exposures, and other factors, such as family history of cancer. Preventive strategies such as increasing public awareness, promoting routine dental check-ups, and expanding HPV vaccination coverage can play a role in reducing the burden of these cancers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LOPC remain a significant global health issue due to high incidence and mortality rates and various modifiable risk factors. Effective strategies targeting these factors, along with continued research on prevention and innovative treatments, are essential to reduce this burden and improve public health outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Acne and Its Association With Increased Body Mass Index Among Adolescent Schoolchildren in Northern Sudan","authors":"Iqra Magsi,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71264","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.71264","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;I read the article “Prevalence of Acne and Its Association With Increased Body Mass Index Among Adolescent Schoolchildren in Northern Sudan” by Alotaibi et al., with great interest. This study addresses a significant public health concern by highlighting the prevalence of acne among adolescents and its potential association with a higher body mass index (BMI) [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Although the authors provide a novel approach, several methodological and analytical limitations should be taken into account to enhance future research in this area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One primary limitation of the study is its cross-sectional design, which limits the ability to establish causality between BMI and acne prevalence. A longitudinal study following adolescents over time would provide stronger evidence regarding the potential causal relationship between these variables [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Additionally, the limited sample size of 384 adolescents may not fully represent the broader Sudanese adolescent population reducing the generalizability of the findings. A larger and more diverse sample would enhance the statistical power of the study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The selection of participants from only four schools in one locality raises concerns about selection bias, as it may not capture the full spectrum of socioeconomic and environmental factors affecting adolescent acne. Furthermore, the absence of a control group without acne limits the ability to determine whether BMI is a direct risk factor or merely correlated with other underlying conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Statistically, while multivariate binary regression was performed, the study does not fully account for confounding variables such as hormonal fluctuations, dietary habits, genetic predisposition, and stress levels, all of which significantly impact both BMI and acne risk [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. Future research should incorporate meta-regression techniques to more effectively evaluate the underlying trends and interactions among these factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Biologically, the study suggests an association between BMI and acne but does not include hormonal assessments, which are crucial for confirming the role of androgens, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in acne pathogenesis [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Measuring these biomarkers would strengthen the study′s conclusions. Similarly, nutritional assessments would improve the findings. Moreover, the study overlooks environmental factors such as pollution, stress, and skincare habits, which may contribute to acne prevalence. Exploring these influences could provide a more comprehensive understanding of the issue.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To advance research in this field, I recommend that future studies adopt longitudinal designs to establish a causal relationship between BMI and acne. Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration among dermatologists, endocrinologists, and nutritionists should be integrated to enhance risk factor analysis. Utilizing objective biomarkers such as skin analyzers, hormonal assays, and ","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Self-Care Model Counseling Based on Mental Health on Anxiety and Depression of Women With Gestational Diabetes: A Study Protocol of a Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Mahboubeh Daraie,&nbsp;Hajar Adib-Rad,&nbsp;Fatemeh Nasiri-Amiri,&nbsp;Mahbobeh Faramarzi,&nbsp;Hemmat Gholinia,&nbsp;Satinik Darzi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71292","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hsr2.71292","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy that causes adverse consequences for the mother and the baby. The present study will be conducted to determine the effect of self-care model counseling based on mental health on anxiety and depression in GDM women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized clinical trial will be conducted on pregnant women over 20 years of age who were referred to the gynecological and perinatal clinic of Amir Al-Momenin Hospital (AS) in Semnan. After random block allocation, women are divided into two mental health self-care counseling groups (42 people) and a control (42 people). The intervention group will receive six sessions of 30–45 min of individual mental health self-care counseling weekly and in the form of multimedia, which is a combination of text, audio, and video. Data were collected using the demographic-fertility characteristics checklist, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Psychological Self-Care Scale (PSCS), the Prenatal Health Behavior Scale (PHBS), and the Self-Efficacy Scale Gestational Diabetes (SESGD) immediately after the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and 6 weeks after delivery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mental health self-care model is expected to lead to clinical reductions in anxiety and depression in women with gestational diabetes. It is also predicted that the effect of counseling with this model will promote health-promoting behaviors, mental health self-care, and self-efficacy in diabetic women at follow-ups immediately after the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and 6 weeks after delivery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The positive results of mental health self-care counseling on anxiety and depression and health behaviors, self-efficacy, and mental health self-care in GDM women will be useful strategies for managing the complications of GDM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Incidence of Cardiovascular Events Among Different Drug-Eluting Stent Features: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Hossein Koushki,&nbsp;Reza Golchin Vafa,&nbsp;Reza Heydarzadeh,&nbsp;Houyar Zarifkar,&nbsp;Amin Khadem Hosseini,&nbsp;Houman Zarifkar,&nbsp;Hourshad Zarifkar,&nbsp;Alireza Azadian,&nbsp;Farhang Amiri,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadhassani,&nbsp;Mohammad Montaseri,&nbsp;Nazanin Hosseini,&nbsp;Mehrdad Sadeghi,&nbsp;Seyed Ali Hosseini,&nbsp;Seyed Alireza Mirhosseini,&nbsp;Javad Kojuri","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71287","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is often treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Various stent types are used during PCI, potentially resulting in different outcomes. Here, we compared major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) across different stents over a 5-year follow-up post-PCI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed individuals receiving PCI from Iranian databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed drug-eluting stent recipients, excluding emergency surgical cases. Demographics, medical history, angiography, PCI details, and follow-up on MACE were collected and analyzed using Cox regression analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 4159 recruited patients, MACE were observed in 10.2% of individuals over 5 years. Factors significantly associated with MACE included a history of heart failure (HR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.92–3.47), hypertension (HR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.52–2.30), and lower baseline ejection fraction (HR: 0.975, 95% CI: 0.952–0.997). Procedural elements like the number of stents used (HR: 1.008, 95% CI: 1.005–1.012) and their total length (HR: 1.008, 95% CI: 1.005–1.012) were also significant predictors. No significant relationship was found between the types of drug-eluting stents and MACE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a 5-year study of post-PCI patients, MACE rates were higher in those with lower ejection fractions and those with more stented vessels and longer stents but similar across different drug-eluting stents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71287","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}