Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Behavioral Changes in Motor Function Measurement on Presenteeism: A Prospective Study","authors":"Masakazu Imaoka,&nbsp;Mitsumasa Hida,&nbsp;Satoshi Okahara,&nbsp;Yuriko Yoshino,&nbsp;Noboru Fujita,&nbsp;Kotoko Nagai,&nbsp;Takuya Sekiguchi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Employees often cannot monitor their locomotor status or measure physical and motor functions during working hours owing to time constraints. This study aimed to examine whether presenteeism can be improved through repetitive motor function measurements and individual feedback provided by professionals and company employees.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants underwent motor function measurements and completed a self-administered questionnaire. Presenteeism was assessed using the Single-Item Presenteeism Questionnaire (SPQ). Body composition was measured using the bioimpedance method to determine limb skeletal muscle mass, which was divided by height to calculate the Skeletal Muscle Mass Index. Dynamic balance capacity was evaluated using the two-step test, grip strength, and finger floor distance (FFD)—all individually measured by a physiotherapist. A self-administered questionnaire assessed the presence of pain and lifestyle habits. Repeat measurements were conducted 6 months later using the same test items and assessments of lifestyle and exercise statuses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 134 participants (aged 18–67 years), 70 (52.2%) completed the repeated measurements and were included in the analysis. The SPQ score improved from 13.1 ± 13.6% in the pre-survey to 10.7 ± 12.6% in the post-survey, indicating a trend of a 2.4% improvement. Regarding motor function, FFD demonstrated a significant improvement in flexibility, increasing from 3.1 ± 9.5 cm pre-survey to 4.6 ± 9.6 cm post-survey, with an average increase of 1.5 cm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A behavioral change approach based on motor function measurements in employees significantly improved flexibility and showed a trend toward improved SPQ scores. Furthermore, the behavioral change group that initiated exercise demonstrated significant improvements in flexibility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence, Usage Patterns, and Complications of Contact Lens Use Among University Students in Damascus, Syria: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study","authors":"Fares Kahal,&nbsp;Sedra Al-Habal,&nbsp;Saeed Kadri,&nbsp;Omar Helwani,&nbsp;André Torbey","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Contact lenses are widely used globally, primarily for vision correction and cosmetic enhancement. However, improper handling can lead to many complications. Understanding wearer practices and risk factors is crucial to prevent these adverse effects. This study aims to assess the prevalence of contact lens (CL) wearers among Syrian Private University students, their cleaning and care practices, and potential risk factors linked to complications and symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Materials</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Syrian Private University (SPU) from December 2022 to April 2023. Data was collected from 500 students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data on demographics, hygiene practices, and complications were collected via a paper-based questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, with significance set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were predominantly females (88.8%) with a mean age of 22.41 years. Most participants used contact lenses without a valid prescription (64.6%) for aesthetic reasons (44.3%). The main vision problems were myopia (38.9%), astigmatism (10.3%), and hyperopia (4%). Complications included red eye (68%), dacryorrhea (63%), dry eye (58.4%), and blurred vision (43%). Factors significantly associated with various ocular complications include showering or swimming while wearing contact lenses, sharing lenses, exceeding the recommended renewal period, and improper or inconsistent use of contact lens solutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate that improper contact lens use and non-prescribed acquisitions are prevalent among Syrian university students, driven largely by cosmetic motives. These behaviors contribute to preventable ocular complications, underscoring a critical public health concern. The results highlight the need for regulatory measures, targeted education, and clinical interventions to promote safe practices, reduce complications, and safeguard eye health within the population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hailey-Hailey Disease: An Updated Review With a Focus on Therapeutic Mechanisms","authors":"Mahesh Mathur,&nbsp;Sumit Paudel,&nbsp;Nabita Bhattarai,&nbsp;Sambidha Karki,&nbsp;Sandhya Regmi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), or familial benign chronic pemphigus, is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by chronic, painful, erythematous, erosive plaques and fissures at sites of friction such as the neck, axilla, groin, and perineum. The pathogenesis is due to a mutation in the ATP2C1 gene, which encodes the human secretory-pathway calcium/manganese-ATPase isoform 1 (hSPCA1) that regulates calcium and manganese concentration in the Golgi apparatus. The diagnosis relies on clinical presentation and characteristic histopathological features, notably a “dilapidated brick wall” appearance. There is no cure for this genodermatosis and main aim of management in HHD is to control symptoms and reduce recurrence. Multitude of topical, systemic agents, procedural therapy such as laser therapy and surgery for the treatment of HHD have been reported in the literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This comprehensive review aims to discuss the efficacy of current HHD treatments with special focus on therapeutic mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review highlights clinical and histological features of HHD and offers guidance for dermatologists involved in managing this distinct dermatosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and Validation of the Persian Version of the Rotator Cuff Quality of Life Questionnaire (RC-QOL): A Cross-Cultural Adaptation Study","authors":"Masoud Gharib,&nbsp;Mehran Razavipour,&nbsp;Marziye Moradi-Abbasabadi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Nasiri","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70912","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rotator cuff injuries have a significant impact on shoulder function and life quality. The Rotator Cuff Quality of Life (RC-QOL) questionnaire is a validated tool designed to assess this impact. This study aimed to translate the RC-QOL into Persian, adapting it culturally, and evaluate its psychometric properties in Persian-speaking patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Persian version of the RC-QOL was developed through a rigorous translation and cultural adaptation process, including forward translation, expert review, back-translation, and pilot testing. The final version underwent thorough content and face validity checks. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach'<i>α</i>, test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity was assessed by correlating the RC-QOL with the DASH and WOSI questionnaires.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 176 Persian-speaking participants, the average age was 38.01 ± 9.36 years. The Persian RC-QOL displayed outstanding internal consistency, with Cronbach'<i>α</i> values ranging from 0.84 to 0.88, and strong test-retest reliability, with ICC values between 0.82 and 0.88. Convergent validity was affirmed by significant correlations with DASH and WOSI questionnaires (ranging from −0.863 to −0.895, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Construct validity was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, with favorable fit indices: RMSEA = 0.04 and CFI = 0.97.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Persian version of RC-QOL proves to be a reliable and valid tool for evaluating the quality of life in Iranian patients with rotator cuff injuries. Its successful cross-cultural adaptation enhances its applicability in Iranian clinical and research domains, potentially extending to other Persian-speaking regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70912","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Scenario-Based Moral Concepts Training on the Professional Moral Courage of Nursing Students: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Ali Akbari,&nbsp;Arvin Mirshahi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mehravar,&nbsp;Ali Karimi Rozveh,&nbsp;Alireza Nikbakht Nasrabadi","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Moral courage is vital in nursing, enabling professionals to make ethical decisions and uphold values, even in challenging situations. Nursing students often struggle with moral decision-making due to limited experience and insufficient ethical training. This study proposes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of scenario-based ethics training compared to traditional methods in improving professional moral courage among nursing students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Analysis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This RCT involved a 3-month scenario-based ethics training program delivered under faculty supervision, targeting sixth-semester undergraduate nursing students. Participants (<i>n</i> = 48) were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. Both groups received traditional ethics education, however, the intervention group also participated in two workshops focused on core and derived ethical concepts (e.g., autonomy, confidentiality) utilizing a scenario-based approach. This was followed by weekly online follow-ups and discussions conducted via WhatsApp Messenger. The outcomes will be assessed using the Sekerka Professional Moral Courage Questionnaire at four time points: immediately before, immediately after, and at 1 and 3 months postintervention. The questionnaire has demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability in previous studies, with Cronbach's <i>α</i> exceeding 0.8, and a value of 0.977 reported in an Iranian validation study. In this study, face validity was confirmed by ten nursing faculty members. The data will be analyzed using <i>t</i>-tests, <i>χ</i>² tests, and ANCOVA to evaluate changes in professional moral courage (SPSS v22, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This protocol outlines a trial to evaluate the impact of scenario-based training on enhancing nursing students' professional moral courage and improving ethics education in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Iranian Clinical Trials Registry: IRCT20240319061338N1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crovalimab: A Novel Approach in the Management of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria","authors":"Laiba Jalal,&nbsp;Marium Ahmed,&nbsp;Anum Khalid","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70986","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired clonal blood disorder caused by mutations in the PIGA gene, leading to complement-mediated hemolysis. Currently available terminal complement inhibitors, such as Eculizumab and Ravulizumab, pose several challenges, including the need for frequent intravenous infusions and the potential for resistance due to C5 polymorphisms. This study highlights the clinical significance of Crovalimab, a novel C5 inhibitor developed using SMART-antibody technology, as a promising alternative.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An extensive literature review was conducted using PubMed to evaluate the pharmacological properties, mechanism of action, and clinical trial data of Crovalimab. Phase 3 trials—COMMODORE 1, 2, and 3—were analyzed to assess Crovalimab's safety, efficacy, and potential benefits in both C5-inhibitor naïve and previously treated patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Crovalimab demonstrated high bioavailability, an extended half-life, and subcutaneous administration every 4 weeks, offering a better alternative to intravenous therapies. Unlike existing treatments, Crovalimab targets the C5 β-chain, making it effective even in patients with the R885H polymorphism. The COMMODORE trials reported favorable outcomes, including effective hemolysis control, reduced transfusion dependence, and a manageable safety profile. Adverse events were mostly mild, with rare occurrences of transient immune complex reactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Crovalimab represents a significant advancement in the management of PNH, with the potential to reduce treatment burden while maintaining efficacy. However, further research is required to evaluate its long-term safety and effectiveness across diverse populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70986","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Modern Contraception Use Among Ever-Married Women in Bangladesh: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Faijun Nahar Mim,&nbsp;Md. Hazrat Ali,&nbsp;Shafika Rahman,&nbsp;Farjana Afrin Koasha,&nbsp;Md. Rakibul Islam,&nbsp;Sabina Yasmin","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Contraception involves the deliberate prevention of conception through various methods, including mechanical devices, medications, behavioral strategies, or surgical techniques. This study aims to assess the socioeconomic and demographic determinants influencing the adoption of modern contraceptive methods among women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study design was employed, using data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017–2018. Bivariate analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with contraceptive use, followed by binary logistic regression to evaluate the influence of key socioeconomic and demographic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found that ~66.70% of respondents use modern contraceptive methods, predominantly those from urban areas with higher education levels. Conversely, 33.30% of respondents do not use modern contraceptives. Significant determinants of contraceptive use include division, place of residence, education level, husband's education, wealth index, religion, age at first birth, and husband's occupation. Notably, women with higher education are 1.644 times more likely to use modern contraceptives compared to those without education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Socioeconomic disparities influence contraceptive use, necessitating targeted policies to improve access, particularly in rural and underprivileged communities. Strengthening educational programs and reproductive health services can enhance informed family planning decisions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Socioeconomic Disparities in Tanzania: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study Amid High Hesitancy","authors":"Deogratius Bintabara,&nbsp;Gabriel Mchonde","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Socioeconomic disparities in healthcare access, including vaccination services, persist worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic amplified these disparities, particularly in low-resource settings such as Tanzania, where vaccine hesitancy remains a significant challenge. Understanding these disparities is crucial for achieving equitable vaccine coverage. This study assessed regional variations in socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Tanzania, with education used as a proxy for socioeconomic status. The findings aim to guide targeted interventions for populations facing greater disadvantages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between June and July 2022, involving 22,910 adults from urban areas in Mwanza, Iringa, Arusha, and Morogoro regions. Participants were selected using cluster sampling. Vaccine uptake, defined as receiving any complete dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, was the primary outcome. Disparities were analyzed using concentration curves and indices, while multivariable logistic regression identified factors contributing to these disparities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the respondents, approximately 20% were fully vaccinated. Significant educational disparities favoring the educated were observed, with the most pronounced gaps in Mwanza (CI: 0.093, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and Arusha (CI: 0.062, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) compared to Iringa (CI: 0.011, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and Morogoro (CI: 0.040, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified age, marital status, occupation, and knowledge as potential factors associated with vaccine uptake disparities. Educated individuals were significantly more likely to be vaccinated, underscoring the role of education in shaping vaccine access and acceptance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the need to address regional and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Tanzania. Tailored policies that consider education levels, employment type, and community perceptions are essential to improving vaccine coverage. Efforts must focus on reducing hesitancy and promoting equitable access, particularly among disadvantaged groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mobile Application to Reduce Time to Calculate Medication Dosage and Medication Administration Errors in Simulated Pediatric and Neonatal Settings: A Research Protocol for a Cross-Over, Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Somaye Norouzi,&nbsp;Zahra Sarkohi,&nbsp;Leila Alizadeh,&nbsp;Leila Ahmadian","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70980","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pediatric and neonate medication safety is a major issue. Children are at a higher risk of adverse drug events and medication errors than adults. As the mediation administration is the final stage of protection to impede potential unintentional adverse effects on patients. Thus, there is a strong need for research to explore new ways of reducing medication administration errors and time to calculate medication dosage in the pediatric and neonatal context. The objective is to assess the effectiveness of the Medication Administration Clinical Decision Support Systems (MACDSS) compared to the traditional method in a simulated environment for pediatric and neonatal care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An open-label (unmasked), two-treatment, two-period, cross-over randomized controlled trial will be conducted in pediatric and neonatal settings with simulated scenarios to assess time to calculate medication dosage and medication administration errors with the MACDSS application compared to the traditional method. This study will recruit 16 participants randomly (1:1) from the Afzali-poor hospital in Kerman. The participants are supposed to perform nine highly realistic scenarios, three at a high level of complexity, three at a medium level, and three simple scenarios. For the cross-over stage, different scenarios at the same level of complexity will be presented. The main outcome will be the time spent to calculate the drug dosage by the nurse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing a MACDSS as a mobile application may significantly improve the time needed to calculate dosage or amount and lower medication administration errors. If this application proves to be effective, it can be a very cost-effective means of improving outcomes in the medication administration process, positively affecting many pediatrics and neonates' patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irct.behdasht.gov.ir, ID: IRCT20240409061457N1 registered on June 22, 2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70980","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Education to Action—The Impact of Hepatitis C Micro-Elimination Education on Healthcare Provider Confidence and Linkage to Care: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"Regan Preston,&nbsp;Eric Lim,&nbsp;Shirley McGough,&nbsp;Glenn Boardman,&nbsp;Karen Heslop","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.71039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Micro-elimination education can improve access to life-saving treatments for patients with hepatitis C, co-occurring mental health conditions, and alcohol and other drug use disorders. The Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is disproportionately prevalent among people with mental health conditions and alcohol and other drug issues, reducing their life expectancy. Although hepatitis C is a curable condition, this population frequently remains untested and untreated. Micro-elimination programs are necessary to enhance hepatitis C virus screening and treatment rates. This study aims to evaluate the impact of micro-elimination education on healthcare providers' confidence in identifying high-risk HCV populations, conducting HCV screenings and treatments, and managing comorbid substance use disorders. Additionally, it will assess referrals to a nurse-led HCV treatment clinic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A quasi-experimental pre-posttest intervention design was used. The intervention was an education program targeted at HCV micro-elimination and linkage to care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Questionnaires were administered to (<i>n</i> = 101) healthcare providers to measure changes in confidence in screening and treating HCV in people with comorbid mental health conditions and alcohol and other drug disorders pre- and post-intervention. Pre-intervention, healthcare providers reported the highest confidence levels in treating mental health conditions. A significant increase in post-education confidence in screening and treating the HCV across all healthcare provider roles was observed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Twenty-three referrals were received at the nurse-led hepatitis C virus treatment clinic, with the majority (<i>n</i> = 11) of referrals received from nurses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study underscores the significance of micro-elimination education programs in enhancing healthcare provider confidence in treating hepatitis C. Leveraging the mental health nursing workforce to connect high-risk populations with hepatitis C care will expand timely access to life-saving treatments and optimize healthcare outcomes. Targeted hepatitis C micro-elimination education will further accelerate progress toward the 2030 elimination goals, enhancing the overall well-being of vulnerable populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.71039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}