Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Contributing Risk Factors in Children With Congenital Heart Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Esmaeel Toni,&nbsp;Haleh Ayatollahi,&nbsp;Reza Abbaszadeh,&nbsp;Alireza Fotuhi Siahpirani","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70835","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) often require complex pharmacotherapy for symptom management and complication prevention. However, their unique physiological profiles increase vulnerability to drug-related side effects. This study aimed to identify specialists' perspectives on drug-related side effects and associated risk factors in pediatric CHD patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 involving 20 pediatric cardiologists and pediatric cardiology fellows. Data were collected using two 5-point Likert scale questionnaires assessing commonly prescribed drugs, observed side effects, and associated risk factors in pediatric CHD patients. Data were analyzed using student's <i>t</i>-tests and descriptive statistics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to the findings, the most frequent side effects linked to common medications were hypokalemia (Furosemide; 4.5 ± 0.69), apnea (Prostaglandin E1; 4.5 ± 0.62), and bradycardia (Sotalol; 4.41 ± 0.51). Dosage and polypharmacy emerged as major risk factors, particularly for drugs like Digoxin and Heparin. Younger age, underlying health conditions, and specific drug combinations also increased the risk of side effects. The <i>t</i>-test revealed significant associations between participants' demographics (sex, age, and work experience) and their perceptions of drug-related side effects and risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings emphasize the need for a personalized approach to pharmacotherapy in pediatric CHD patients, requiring careful drug selection, dose optimization, and enhanced monitoring strategies. Drug-related side effects highlight the importance of implementing clinical decision support systems, routine therapeutic drug monitoring, and individualized dosing adjustments to mitigate risks. Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies to establish causality relationships, optimize treatment protocols, and improve medication safety in this vulnerable population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life Post-COVID-19 ICU: A Synthesis of Key Findings","authors":"John Patrick C. Toledo","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70838","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I've read with great interest the study by Samuelsson, Hussain, Drummond, and Persson, which scientifically explores the long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals 1 year after intensive care unit (ICU) admission for COVID-19. The results indicate the importance of continuous follow-up care and assistance for these patients by highlighting serious mental health issues and reduced HRQoL. The findings of the study are especially pertinent for determining the variables linked to lower HRQoL and mental health problems, which will direct focused measures to enhance the well-being of COVID-19 intensive care unit survivors.</p><p>The study assessed HRQoL using the EuroQol 5 Dimensions 3 Levels (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire and the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). A year after ICU discharge, a substantial proportion of participants reported moderate to extreme problems with pain/discomfort (69%) and anxiety/depression (51%). The mean EQ-5D-3L value index was 0.83, and the median EQ-VAS score was 70¹. Diabetes mellitus was linked to poor self-care, while longer ICU stays were linked to pain/discomfort and a lower HRQoL in daily activities. Furthermore, lower HRQoL in terms of pain and discomfort was linked to younger age and female sex.</p><p>This study contributes to the long-term functional and psychosocial outcomes of COVID-19 intensive care unit survivors. It highlights the need for specialized support by identifying particular risk factors for depression, such as female sex. A major public health concern, according to the report, is the high prevalence of anxiety (38.1%) and depression (35.2%) 1 year after ICU admission¹. These results highlight the significance of ongoing mental health care and long-term monitoring for patients hospitalized to intensive care units.</p><p>The study highlights the necessity of ongoing rehabilitation and mental and physical health care during the first year following ICU discharge, particularly for individuals with diabetes. The study indicates that specific therapies and support networks are essential due to the substantial influence on HRQoL, especially in domains such as pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Healthcare professionals may provide more individualized and efficient care by acknowledging the unique difficulties faced by female patients and those who require longer stays in the intensive care unit. This will ultimately improve the long-term quality of life for COVID-19 ICU survivors.</p><p><b>John Patrick C. Toledo:</b> conceptualization, methodology, and writing – original draft.</p><p>Ethical standards are followed in the research.</p><p>The author declares no conflicts of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70838","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Bridging the Gaps in Dementia Care: A Call for Integrated Comorbidity Management","authors":"Yuchen Zhang,&nbsp;Zhirui Deng,&nbsp;Jennifer B. Seaman,&nbsp;Theresa A. Koleck","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70832","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We thank the commentator for their letter to the Editor entitled “Bridging the Gaps in Dementia Care: A Call for Integrated Comorbidity Management” in recognition of our recent publication that utilized the &lt;i&gt;All of Us Research Program&lt;/i&gt; data set and comprehensively examined the patterns and prevalence of comorbidities in people living with dementia [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. We appreciate the perspectives shared in this letter, which acknowledged the importance of our research objectives and findings in the original publication about comorbidities in dementia care [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this letter, the author highlighted the significance of considering health outcomes along with the paradigm shift of addressing the overall disease profile and well-being of people living with dementia [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. In addition to the health outcomes mentioned in the commentary (i.e., hospitalization rates, functional decline, and mortality), our research team is examining symptom burden including behavioral, neuropsychiatric, and distressing symptoms, which is another important and underexplored dimension of care for people living with dementia. Given the neurodegenerative nature of dementia and the gradual decline in communicative abilities, the presence of distressing symptoms can easily be overlooked or undermanaged, leading to compromised quality of life and psychological well-being in both patients and their caregivers [&lt;span&gt;3-6&lt;/span&gt;]. Drawing insights from symptom science in oncology research, we aim to develop symptom clusters based on patients' overall disease profiles and relevant biomarkers to help unravel the complexity of dementia care [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. This line of investigation further generates care-related knowledge that enables patients and their families to develop tailored plans based on their unique situations while helping healthcare clinicians proactively prepare for individualized care scenarios and disease-related decision-making.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The author from the commentary also reflected importance of an interdisciplinary approach in facilitating comprehensive care management in people living with dementia requiring an interdisciplinary approach while ensuring adequate access to resources [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Currently, the &lt;i&gt;Guiding an Improved Dementia Experience (GUIDE) Model&lt;/i&gt; provides meaningful initial steps in establishing infrastructures for comprehensive dementia care, such as supplying 24/7 support services in managing both dementia-related syndromes and co-occurring comorbidities and facilitating communications among primary care and specialty healthcare providers [&lt;span&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;]. Future development should take into account of factors related to socioeconomic status and rural-urban differences in accessing health-related services and resources as well [&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Although limitations exist in using electronic health records, ongoing investigations can improve the robustness of data validity by refining computable","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Risk Factors of Noninvasive Ventilation Device-Related Pressure Skin Injuries: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Xiaoli Liu,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Ling Wang,&nbsp;Rui Ma,&nbsp;Yanshu Wei","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70635","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is an established treatment for acute and chronic respiratory failure. Noninvasive ventilation device-related pressure injuries (NIVDRPIs) are the common complication and may reduce adherence to NIV and its effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of NIVDRPIs in the respiratory intensive care unit of a university hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Basic demographics, NIV related clinical characteristics, and the results of skin assessment were obtained from the nursing records and the information system. The clinical data were collected to analyze risk factors of NIVDRPIs by univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 78 patients who used NIV and 78 met the inclusion criteria. The incidence rate of NIVDRPIs was 15.4% (12/78). Most of the PIs developed in the nasal bridge, forehead, and ear; 83.3% and 16.7% were categorized as stage 1 and 2, respectively. In multivariate analysis, albumin level and duration on noninvasive ventilator were identified as independent risk factors of the occurrence of NIVDRPIs. The logistic model showed statistical significance according to the Omnibus Test (<i>p</i> = 0.001). The Hosmer–Lemeshow test (<i>p</i> = 0.91) provided evidence for the goodness of the fit.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence of NIVDRPIs was high, as 15.4% and patients with low albumin levels and long duration on noninvasive ventilator were more likely to develop NIVDRPIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Causal Association Study Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Oral Health: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Guilian Zhang,&nbsp;Duojiao Xu,&nbsp;Guoxia Yu","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70735","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have shown that chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to changes in oral health, but the conclusions remain controversial. Thus, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study from the perspective of genetic analysis to assess the causal association between CKD and oral health conditions, including dental caries, pulp diseases, periapical tissues, and diseases of the gum and periodontal tissues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed inverse variance weighted (IVW) random effects MR analyses and several sensitivity MR analyses using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The data were derived from the European population in 2021, which included 3902 cases of CKD, 4170 cases of dental caries, 5354 cases of diseases of the pulp and periapical tissues, and 4120 cases of gingivitis and periodontal diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found a positive causal relationship between CKD and dental caries, and the effect odds ratio (OR) of CKD on dental caries was 1.368 (95% CI, 1.124–1.664; <i>p</i> = 0.002). There was no direct causal relationship between CKD and diseases of the pulp and periapical tissues and diseases of the gum and periodontal tissues, with the effect OR of 1.176 (95% CI, 0.973–1.420; <i>p</i> = 0.094) and 1.201 (95% CI, 0.977–1.477; <i>p</i> = 0.08).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that CKD could affect oral health and only with a direct causal link to dental caries. However, pulp diseases, periapical tissues, and diseases of the gum and periodontal tissues have no direct causal relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70735","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Disease Prognosis in Guillain–Barré Syndrome: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Yangrongzhuo Huang,&nbsp;Yuhan Li,&nbsp;Hailing Zhou,&nbsp;Juan Tang","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70818","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction/Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated neuropathy characterized by progressive sensory and motor dysfunction, often accompanied by abnormal inflammatory markers and thyroid hormone levels. However, the underlying mechanisms and their impact on prognosis remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between thyroid hormone levels and prognosis in GBS, analyze the association between thyroid hormone levels and inflammatory markers, and further explore potential mechanisms and clinical implications.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 182 GBS patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University between December 2019 and April 2024. Data included thyroid hormone levels and inflammatory markers (e.g., neutrophils, leukocytes). Functional status was assessed using the Hughes Functional Grading Scale (HFGS) within 3 months post-discharge. Patients were stratified into two groups: HFGS score &lt; 3 (good prognosis group, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 66) and ≥ 3 (poor prognosis group, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 116). Logistic regression identified prognostic risk factors, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves determined cut-off values for FT4 and T4, and correlation analyses evaluated relationships between thyroid hormone levels and inflammatory markers.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Reduced FT4 and T4 levels were significantly associated with poor prognosis in GBS patients (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated significant associations between thyroid hormones and inflammatory markers. FT3 exhibited negative correlations with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = −0.342, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) and neutrophil count (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = −0.205, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), whereas FT4 was positively correlated with NLR (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.219, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) and T4 levels (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.506, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). T3 was inversely associated with neutrophil count (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = −0.220, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Among inflammatory markers, PLR showed a strong positive correlation with NLR (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.671, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), and WBC count was highly correlated with neutrophil count (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.889, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). These findings suggest a potential interplay between thyroid hormone regulation and systemic inflammatory responses.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study suggests that low FT4 and T4 levels are independent risk factors for poor prognosis in GBS patients","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70818","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Parental Knowledge and Practices Related to Foreign Body Aspiration in Children in Majmmah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ahoud Ali Al-Shammary,&nbsp;Amal Kharallah Almutairi,&nbsp;Saja Abdullah Alharbi,&nbsp;Nora Mohammed Alturki,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Ibrahim R. Altammami,&nbsp;Raghad Abdullah Aloraini,&nbsp;Albatool Falah Aljofan,&nbsp;Hani Alanazi,&nbsp;Hamza A. Orfali","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70651","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is common in the pediatric population, typically between 6 months and 4 years. It can be life-threatening and cause complications such as obstructive bronchitis, recurrent bronchopneumonia, emphysema, and atelectasis. Public awareness and education about risk factors and behaviors to reduce the risk of FBA have been identified as one of the most crucial approaches to prevent the problem or minimize its effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A study in Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, aimed to evaluate parental practices and awareness about their children's FBA. The study included 462 parents, both Saudi and non-Saudi, aged 18 and above. The data were collected through an electronic questionnaire in Arabic and English, and analyzed using SPSS software. The study aimed to provide insight into local parents' attitudes and actions toward their children's aspirations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 462 parents participated in this study questionnaire, with 367 (79.44%) being mothers and 95 (20.56%) fathers of children. The majority of mothers (67.3%) and fathers (56.8%) indicated that children aged 1–5 years were more prone to swallowing or inhaling foreign objects, while a smaller percentage of mothers (21.8%) and fathers (23.2%) reported this risk for children under 1 year. The Internet emerged as the primary source of information on FBA, with 21% of parents relying on it. However, the findings revealed that (20%) of parents exhibited low levels of knowledge and practices related to FBA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The research revealed significant associations between demographic factors and ignorance, including sex and peanut feeding. Educational level changed the way individuals considered the presence of foreign bodies in the airway system and enhanced knowledge of what to do during an emergency as well as confidence in grown-ups' ability to handle such situations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70651","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dengue Early Warning System and Outbreak Prediction Tool in Bangladesh Using Interpretable Tree-Based Machine Learning Model","authors":"Md. Siddikur Rahman,&nbsp;Miftahuzzannat Amrin,&nbsp;Md. Abu Bokkor Shiddik","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70726","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A life-threatening vector-borne disease, dengue fever (DF), poses significant global public health and economic threats, including Bangladesh. Determining dengue risk factors is crucial for early warning systems to forecast disease epidemics and develop efficient control strategies. To address this, we propose an interpretable tree-based machine learning (ML) model for dengue early warning systems and outbreak prediction in Bangladesh based on climatic, sociodemographic, and landscape factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A framework for forecasting DF risk was developed by using high-performance ML algorithms, namely Random Forests, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), based on sociodemographic, climate, landscape, and dengue surveillance epidemiological data (January 2000 to December 2021). The optimal tree-based ML model with strong interpretability was created by comparing various ML models using the hyperparameter optimization technique. The feature importance ranking and the most significant dengue driver were found using the SHapley Additive explanation (SHAP) value.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study findings detected a nonlinear effect of climatic parameters on dengue at different thresholds such as mean (27°C), minimum (22°C), maximum temperatures (32°C), and relative humidity (82%). The optimal minimum and maximum temperatures, humidity, rainfall, and wind speed for dengue risk are 25−28°C, 32−34°C, 75%−85%, 10 mm, and 12 m/s, respectively. The LightGBM model accurately forecasts DF and agricultural land, population density, and minimum temperature significantly affecting the dengue outbreak in Bangladesh.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our proposed ML model functions as an early warning system, improving comprehension of the factors that precipitate dengue outbreaks and providing a framework for sophisticated analytical techniques in public health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70726","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Preclinical Evidence on a Novel Percutaneous Pulsatile Ventricular Assist Device (PulseCath): Protocol for a Scoping Review","authors":"Viviana Teresa Agosta,&nbsp;Alice Bottussi,&nbsp;Jacopo D'Andria Ursoleo,&nbsp;Letizia Perinati,&nbsp;Fabrizio Monaco","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70622","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) devices play a crucial role in improving survival for patients with hemodynamic instability by providing cardiac assistance, and may serve as either a bridge to recovery or destination therapy. Recently, the PulseCath (iVAC2L and iVAC3L) has been introduced into the broader tMCS landscape. Due to its ease of implantation and low cost, it appears to enhance and complement the spectrum of tMCS devices. This planned scoping review aims to summarize the potential applications and reported side effects of PulseCath, while elucidating its underlying pathophysiological principles and hemodynamic effects, incorporating both preclinical in vivo and clinical published data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We will perform a scoping review in accordance to the JBI methodology and the extension for Scoping Reviews of the PRISMA checklist. We will conduct a comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar (from their inception until February 28, 2025) to identify and retrieve preclinical in vivo and clinical investigations on the implantation of the PulseCath. EndNote X9 and Rayyan softwares will be used to aid article selection. Standardized forms will be employed for subsequent data charting and extraction. The ROBINS-I and RoB2 tools will be employed to perform a formal assessment of the risk of bias of included studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Included studies will be categorized into two groups: preclinical in vivo and clinical. The clinical studies will be further classified according to implantation strategy, either pre-emptive or bail-out. The main findings from the selected studies will be presented through a narrative synthesis. If sufficient homogeneity exists among the studies, the presentation of quantitative data will be conducted. Tables and figures will be used to aid in the illustration of the findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The planned scoping review will systematically examine the existing evidence on the hemodynamic effects, pathophysiology, and potential complications of PulseCath, ultimately seeking to delineate optimal clinical settings for its use. The findings could highlight research gaps in tMCS support and expand the clinical application of PulseCath, thus improving patient outcomes and enhancing clinicians' understanding of this novel device.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gaps in Dementia Care: A Call for Integrated Comorbidity Management","authors":"Jonathan J. O. Canete","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70788","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;This is in recognition for the recently published research article, &lt;i&gt;“&lt;/i&gt;Thinking About It All Together: A Descriptive Analysis to Understand Comorbidities in People Living With Dementia&lt;i&gt;”&lt;/i&gt; by Zhang et al. This study presents an important and timely investigation into the prevalence and patterns of comorbidities among individuals with dementia, shedding light on the complexities of providing person-centered care to this vulnerable population.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The authors' use of the &lt;i&gt;All of Us Research Program&lt;/i&gt; data set to analyze comorbidity trends provides valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of dementia care. The study effectively underscores the high prevalence of comorbid conditions among individuals with dementia, with 87% of the study population experiencing at least one additional chronic illness. The findings regarding the most common comorbidities, such as diabetes (67.82%), renal disease (40.24%), and chronic pulmonary disease (39.85%), provide compelling evidence for the necessity of an integrated care approach that considers both dementia and co-occurring conditions [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the study's strengths is its use of a large-scale, diverse data set, which allows for a robust assessment of comorbidity patterns. By employing statistical tools such as UpSet Plots, the study presents a clear visualization of the intricate relationships between multiple chronic conditions in dementia patients. Such a methodological approach enhances the field's understanding of the disease trajectory [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;] in persons living with dementia and has important implications for improving care coordination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, while the study successfully highlights the prevalence of comorbidities, it also raises significant concerns about the existing healthcare framework for dementia patients. The findings suggest that a substantial proportion of individuals with dementia are at risk of experiencing fragmented care due to the complex interplay of multiple chronic conditions. This raises important questions about whether current healthcare models are adequately equipped to manage these overlapping health burdens in a way that is truly person-centered and holistic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An important consideration that the authors could further explore in future research is the impact of these comorbidities on health outcomes such as hospitalization rates, functional decline, and mortality. Additionally, understanding the influence of social determinants of health on comorbidity patterns could provide deeper insights into disparities in dementia care. The study briefly touches on the association between race and comorbidity prevalence, but further research into socioeconomic factors and healthcare access barriers could enhance the depth of this analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Moreover, the study's findings emphasize the need for a paradigm shift in dementia care. The current healthcare approach often prioritizes the management of individual diseases rather th","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70788","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}