Health Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health Issues in a Young-Adult Sample of University Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Shamima Akter,&nbsp;Raufun Hasan Arnob,&nbsp;Md. Ashik Ulla Ashik,&nbsp;Md. Mosfequr Rahman","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70712","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is remarkably high in Bangladesh, and there is well-documented evidence establishing a relationship between ACEs and mental disorders in children and adults. However, little is known about how ACE exposure affects young adults' mental health. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of ACEs and assess the relationship between ACE exposure and developing anxiety and depression symptoms in a young adult sample of university students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional survey comprising 858 young adult students aged 18–29 years, enrolled in an undergraduate or graduate level of study at a large university in Bangladesh, was conducted between October and December 2023. ACE exposure was measured using ten items from the CDC-developed ACE tool. Self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The associations between the variables of interest were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>More than half (54.1%) of the students reported experiencing ACEs. The prevalence of developing moderate-to-severe anxiety and depression symptoms was 34.4% and 71.6%, respectively. One item increase in the ACE score increased the odds of experiencing moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms by 27% (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–1.38) and moderate-to-severe depression symptoms by 19% (AOR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.08–1.31).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ACE exposure is prevalent in this sample of university students and is associated with developing anxiety and depression symptoms. Exposure to ACEs should be considered in developing intervention strategies for improving young adult students' mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Smoking Among Spontaneous Pneumothorax Patients and Its Impact on Treatment in Syria Country: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Muhanad Munzer,&nbsp;Nafiza Martini,&nbsp;Mhd Mustafa Albitar,&nbsp;Lilas Channiss,&nbsp;Mohammed Martini,&nbsp;Hussam Al bardan","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70743","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spontaneous Pneumothorax (SP) is a case where air is collected in the pleural space, with smoking recognized as a major risk factor. Despite the global burden of SP, there is limited research on its prevalence and recurrence in Middle Eastern populations, particularly in Syria. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of smoking among SP patients in Syria and investigate its impact on SP recurrence, providing insights that could guide more effective treatment strategies in regions with high smoking rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with spontaneous pneumothorax treated at two university hospitals in Syria from January 2016 to January 2021. Data on demographics, smoking habits, treatment types (conservative, intercostal drainage, and surgical), and recurrence were collected. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to analyze the association between smoking and SP recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 156 patients divided into 135 males and 21 females. One hundred and twenty-five patients were smokers (80.13%), and 118 were men. A recurrence rate of 43.6% (68 patients) was observed in the complete sample. We found a relationship between recurrence and smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and between recurrence and male gender (<i>p</i> = 0.015). In comparison with the three types of treatment, intercostal drainage had the highest recurrence rate (52.9%), and surgical treatment had the lowest rate (6.8%). In both surgical and conservative treatments, all recurrent cases were male smokers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Syria, the high prevalence of smoking, especially among males, significantly increases the risk and recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax. These findings highlight the need for targeted smoking cessation programs and should inform the selection of treatment strategies for SP patients, particularly those at high risk of recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70743","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I Just Wish They'd Ask the Right Questions About Sex: Working to Improve Sexual Health Communication With Older Adults","authors":"Megan T. Ebor,&nbsp;Madeline Y. Sutton","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70733","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexual health among older adults (ages 50 and above) remains under-addressed in clinical settings, often due to ageism and misconceptions about older adults being asexual. Despite high rates of sexual activity in this age group, healthcare providers rarely initiate discussions about sexual wellness, particularly related to HIV and STIs. This project aimed to explore how health communication tools, specifically film and reflexive exercises, can challenge implicit bias and improve provider comfort with sexual health conversations across the lifespan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 24-min documentary film, <i>Even Me</i>, focusing on HIV wellness and prevention among older adults, was screened at a professional conference attended by sexual health clinicians and researchers. Participants first engaged in a word-association activity reflecting on the phrase “82-years-old” to surface implicit associations with aging. After the film, attendees participated in a facilitated discussion and completed a Qualtrics-based postevaluation survey (<i>n</i> = 35/50, 70% response rate).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Initial word-association responses revealed ageist stereotypes, including terms like “frail,” “bent,” and “almost dead.” Post-screening dialogue reflected a shift in awareness and sparked robust conversations. Survey responses indicated that 65% of attendees lacked a standardized tool to assess sexual history in older clients. Many reported an intention to integrate sexual health screenings into their practice and to educate peers and students. Educators emphasized a need to normalize sexual health education for older adults in academic curricula.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health communication films like <i>Even Me</i>, paired with self-awareness activities, are promising tools to disrupt ageist assumptions and promote sexual health conversations among providers. Such interventions can help foster inclusive, routine clinical practices that support sexual wellness throughout the aging process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Rapid Adaptation of First Contact Physiotherapy Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Three-Phase Sequential Mixed-Methods Study Protocol","authors":"Oluwatoyin Adenike Adeniji,&nbsp;Nicola Carey,&nbsp;Evangelos Pappas,&nbsp;Victoria Traynor,&nbsp;Karen Stenner,&nbsp;Theopisti Chrysanthaki","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70653","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted primary care and emergency departments globally, including the UK and Australia respectively, affecting services within these settings, such as first contact physiotherapy services (FCPS) for patients with musculoskeletal conditions. This disruption necessitated rapid adaptation to ensure continuity of care. Before this study, comprehensive adaptations across both primary care and emergency departments FCPS had not been documented. Additionally, the specific adaptation processes, strategies used, and experiences of both staff and patients during the COVID-19 pandemic were unclear. Variations in responses between the UK and Australia also remained unknown. Documenting these rapid adaptations and experiences is crucial for future preparedness, as it provides valuable insights to guide FCPS and similar services, preventing future disruptions and promoting continuity of care. Moreover, findings will contribute significant knowledge to the existing literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores rapid adaptation of FCPS for patients with musculoskeletal conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK and Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is an ongoing three-phase sequential mixed-methods study. Phase 1 utilises a cross-sectional survey of physiotherapists in FCPS role in the UK and Australia to assess changes in healthcare delivery during the pandemic, as well as levels of readiness and responsiveness, highlighting similarities and differences. Phase 2 employs a case-study approach, including semi-structured interviews and a review of documents produced to direct the management and implementation of proposed changes in FCPS, to further understand the findings from Phase 1. In phase 3, mixed-methods integration facilitates the development of context specific recommendations for the rapid adaptation of FCPS and similar contexts. These recommendations will be presented to experts for feedback and further refinement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mixed-methods research will provide contextually rich account of FCPS rapid adaptation, providing key learnings that could be applied to implement evidence-informed rapid adaptation in FCPS during public health emergencies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70653","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proportion of Traditional Uvulectomy and Associated Factors Among Caregivers of Children Under Five-Years Old Visiting Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye,&nbsp;Martha Tuji,&nbsp;Shitahun Fentie","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70675","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background and Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Traditional uvulectomy is prevalent in Ethiopia, and is most commonly performed on children under 5 years old with a particular focus on infants under 6 months. The practice continues to be a significant issue in Ethiopia. This study aims to assess the proportion of traditional uvulectomy and its associated factors among caregivers of children under 5 years old visiting Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital (TGSH) in Northwest Ethiopia in 2023.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1 to December 30, 2023, at TGSH. A total of 402 caregivers with children under 5 years old were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Both Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify associated factors. Variables with a &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-value less than 0.25 in the bivariable Logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariable analysis. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-values &lt; 0.05 were used to determine significant associations.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The proportion of traditional uvulectomy was 46%. Approximately 97.3% of the procedures were performed on children under 6 months of age. Caregivers who could not read and write were 1.85 times more likely to practice uvulectomy than those who could read and write (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.39–6.27). Caregivers from rural areas were 2.81 times more likely to practice than caregivers from urban areas (AOR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.63–5.68), those without ANC follow-up were 5.20 times more likely to practice uvulectomy compared to caregivers who had ANC follow up (AOR: 5.20, 95% CI: 2.06–8.63), those had no information about harmful effects of traditional uvulectomy were 2.43 times more likely to practice uvulectomy than their counterparts (AOR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.24–4.55), and those who had witnessed good outcome of traditional uvulectomy were 6.05 times more likely to practice uvulectomy (AOR: 6.05, 95% CI: 3.64–12.11).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The Proportion of traditional uvulectomy remains high in the study area, and it is associated with factors such as illiteracy, lack of ANC follow-up, rural residency, lack of awareness about the harmful effects of uvulectomy, and witnessing positive outcomes. Immediate actions should include increasing awareness through ANC counseling and educating caregivers on the risk of uvulectomy. Long-term solutions could involve poli","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Validity and Engagement of the OSTRC-H2 Questionnaire as a Surveillance Tool to Detect Health Problems in a High-Performance Australian Youth Diving Cohort: An Observational Study","authors":"Alison S. Fitch,&nbsp;Jocelyn Mara,&nbsp;Michael Hetherington,&nbsp;Kate Mahony,&nbsp;Michael K. Drew,&nbsp;Gordon Waddington","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70654","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) questionnaire on health problems was developed to monitor self-reported health problems and their severity in junior and elite sporting populations but has yet to be validated in a youth diving cohort. This study aimed to assess the validity and degree of athlete engagement with the OSTRC-H2 questionnaire among youth Australian divers over 10 weeks and also report on their health problems via medical attention records.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-seven youth Australian divers completed the OSTRC-H2 every Sunday for 10 consecutive weeks and also continued to report all medical attention health problems to their health professional during this period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Engagement showed that the mean response rate was 72.3%, with a high variation among athletes (SD = 27.0%, range = 10.0%–100.0%). When accounting for missing reports, agreement with medical attention records indicated 93.8% for illness (±10.4), 82.4% for injury (±24.9), and 74.4% for training status (±25.1). Notably, the OSTRC-H2 recorded more illnesses (<i>n</i> = 7, 16 reports) than medical attention records (<i>n</i> = 4, 5 reports). During the 10-week surveillance period, 97 medical attention records were created, documenting 25 injuries and 4 illnesses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The OSTRC-H2 demonstrated a moderate to high response rate and good agreement (excluding missing reports) as a surveillance tool. It effectively identifies health problems in this cohort, particularly illness, and may assist to minimize severity and reduce time-loss health problems, positively impacting training and competition performance for youth Australian high-performance divers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Evidence-Based Surveillance System: Foodborne Disease Outbreak in Oyibi","authors":"Esther Priscilla Biamah Danquah,&nbsp;Kwame Adu Okyere Boadu,&nbsp;Jeffrey Kojo Arhin,&nbsp;Martha Nabila,&nbsp;Akua Addy,&nbsp;Shadrack Darko,&nbsp;Bright Osei","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70730","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Foodborne illness and foodborne injury can be severe and fatal and have a negative impact on human health over the long-term period. On January 20, 2023, an unknown number of people had purchased and consumed “waakye or rice” with salad, stew, meat, gizzard, egg, among others from a food vendor at Oyibi, located in the Kpone-Katamanso Municipality in the north eastern outskirts of Accra. The disease had reportedly killed one person within 72 h after consumption of the meal and affected 53 other people. The cause or mode of transmission of this was unknown; therefore, it had to be ascertained. The additional fact that the illness had the potential to affect many more people necessitated this study to be done.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The investigation was a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in Oyibi and its environs in the Kpone-Katamanso Municipality and the Adenta Municipality. Anybody who ate food from the food vendor at Bush Canteen in Oyibi and presented with vomiting or diarrhea or abdominal cramps from January 22 to February 2, 2023 was studied. Permission was sought from the municipal assembly and municipal health directorate for this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 62 persons who ate the food contacted, only 59 of them developed signs and symptoms and reported to a health facility. The population of the municipality is 426,098, making an attack rate 0.015% with one mortality (1.7%) case fatality. The study was a point source outbreak with an incubation period of 2 h minimum to 56 h maximum at an average of 15 h. <i>Chlorpyrifos</i> (33.4ppb) was detected in the stored tomato stew. <i>E. coli, Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> detected in these samples were less than 10 cfu/g. <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. was isolated from both implicated tomato stew (100,000 cfu/g) and stored stew (500,000 cfu/g).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An outbreak of foodborne illness was established at Oyibi Kpone Katamanso Municipality in the Greater Accra Region. The outbreak was a point source which started on January 20, 2023. It was established that people who ate stew, waakye, macaroni and plantain were more likely to fall ill, and the stew was a possible source of the outbreak.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformative Advances in Continuous Glucose Monitoring and the Impact of FDA Over-the-Counter Approval on Diabetes Care","authors":"Zain Afridi,&nbsp;Sameer Abdul Rauf,&nbsp;Syed Muhammad Nabil Ashraf,&nbsp;Md Ariful Haque","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70747","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has significantly advanced diabetes management, evolving from early glucose testing methods to modern, FDA-approved systems. Despite its benefits, challenges related to data security, affordability, and awareness of CGM devices remain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article explores the historical development, current advancements, and ongoing challenges of CGM systems in diabetes management. It aims to provide insights into how these technologies have transformed patient care and highlight areas needing further improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on advancements in CGM technology. Sources included PubMed, Google Scholar, and recent guidelines and reviews on CGM systems and their impact on diabetes management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The evolution from the Dextrostix test strip to modern CGM systems, including over-the-counter devices, has enhanced glucose monitoring and patient outcomes. Recent innovations, such as machine learning models for predicting glucose fluctuations, promise to improve diabetes management. However, issues like data security and device accessibility persist.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To maximize the benefits of CGM systems, addressing data security, improving affordability, and increasing awareness of CGM devices are crucial. Continued advancements in CGM technology and supportive policies are essential for enhancing diabetes care and patient outcomes globally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of Neurological Manifestations and Their Association With Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Bandar Abbas, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ahmadagha Negahi,&nbsp;Parivash Davoodian,&nbsp;Omid Esmaeili,&nbsp;Reza Nabavi,&nbsp;Niloufar Khatibzade-Nasari,&nbsp;Mobina Imeri","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70723","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neurological manifestations are increasingly recognized in COVID-19 patients, yet their prevalence and clinical significance remain understudied. This study aimed to determine the incidence and significance of neurological symptoms and their associations with demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, from February 2020 to February 2021. A total of 540 RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included. Data on demographics, comorbidities, clinical symptoms, neurological manifestations (e.g., myalgia, headache, smell/taste impairment, dizziness), and laboratory findings were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myalgia was the most common neurological symptom (33.9%), followed by headache (16.7%), smell/taste impairment (10.2%), and dizziness (6.9%). A significantly higher prevalence of myalgia and smell/taste impairment was observed in patients under 50 years old (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Patients with myalgia also had a significantly higher prevalence of prior chronic heart disease and were more likely to experience concurrent smell/taste impairment (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Notably, while some inflammatory markers were elevated in both patients with and without myalgia and smell/taste impairment, the increase was significantly less pronounced in those exhibiting these neurological symptoms (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Additionally, patients with headache and smell/taste impairment were less frequently admitted to the ICU (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). A statistically significant co-occurrence was also observed among the presence of headache, dizziness, and smell/taste impairment in COVID-19 patients (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neurological symptoms are prevalent in COVID-19 patients and may serve as markers of disease severity and progression. Recognizing these manifestations can aid in early diagnosis and inform tailored management strategies. Further research with larger, diverse populations and advanced diagnostic tools is needed to validate these findings and better understand the mechanisms underlying COVID-19-related neurological involvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization and Analysis of Human Trichostrongylus Species in an Endemic Region of Iran Based on COX 1 Gene; A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sara Nemati,&nbsp;Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi,&nbsp;Meysam Sharifdini,&nbsp;Hamed Mirjalali","doi":"10.1002/hsr2.70612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70612","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Trichostrongylus</i> species are the causative agents of zoonotic disease, which has been frequently reported from animals in Iran. The aim of this study was to identify, molecular characterization and analysis of <i>Trichostrongylus</i> species isolated from humans, in an endemic region, based on cytochrome c oxidase (<i>COX) 1</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 206 fresh stool samples were collected from residents of endemic villages of sampling area. All samples had been examined using conventional parasitological methods, along with the PCR technique. After amplification and sequencing of a discriminative region of <i>COX1</i> gene, the phylogeny relationship, haplotype network, and molecular diversity between <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp., were scrutinized using PopART networking, DnaSP v.6, and MEGA10 software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, from 206 fecal samples, 71 people (34.4%) were infected with <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. The ~700-bp fragment of the <i>COX</i>1 was amplified in all 71 morphological positive samples, however, 33 samples were successfully sequenced, belonging to <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. In this study, <i>T. colubriformis</i> was the predominant species and one sequence was characterized as <i>T. vitrinus</i>. Our sequences were grouped together with sequences, which were obtained from animals in the same region (97.17% similarity). In total, 26 haplotypes were identified and haplotype diversity ranged from 0.988 ± 0.012.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In view of the importance of Trichostrongylosis to public health as zoonotic infection, information about its prevalence in animal and human populations can provide valuable information on how different types of this parasite are transmitted between people and animal's host.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}