Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Diet-related behaviors affecting health and substance use among children and adolescents.","authors":"Ji-Hyun Seo, Sochung Chung","doi":"10.3345/cep.2023.01634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2023.01634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unhealthy diet-related behaviors and poor diet quality during childhood and adolescence are the main factors contributing to noncommunicable diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiometabolic syndrome. Unhealthy diet-related behaviors can become lifelong habits associated with mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and substance abuse issues such as smoking, drinking, and other chemical compounds. Children and adolescents are in the developmental stages of brain structure, function, and neurotransmission systems, which can make them more susceptible to substance abuse (tobacco, alcohol, and drugs). Thus, mental health problems and substance use in children and adolescents may originate from unhealthy diet-related behaviors and poor diet quality. Here we reviewed the impact of diet-related behaviors and diet quality on children's and adolescents' physical and mental health and substance use by scrutinizing the 2021 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey (54,848 participants) and other relevant studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc as a treatment modality for acute infectious diarrhea in children.","authors":"Ji Sook Park","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.00381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2024.00381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbapenem resistance in gram-negative pathogens in an Iranian hospital: high prevalence of OXA-type carbapenemase genes.","authors":"Setareh Mamishi, Reihaneh Hosseinpour Sadeghi, Sadaf Sajedi Moghaddam, Babak Pourakbari, Shiva Poormohammadi, Maryam Sotoudeh Anvari, Shima Mahmoudi","doi":"10.3345/cep.2023.01774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2023.01774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The widespread dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria poses a significant threat to global public health.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients at the Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran, to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the period spanning from June 2019 to June 2020, 777 Gram-negative bacterial strains were isolated. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect carbapenem resistance genes including bla OXA23, bla OXA24, bla OXA48, bla OXA51, bla OXA58, bla OXA143, bla KPC, bla IMP, bla VIM, and bla NDM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the total bacterial isolates, 141 (18.1%) exhibited carbapenem resistance. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent (57.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.3%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (10.6%). Other notable contributors included Enterobacter spp. (5.7%), Salmonella spp. (3.5%), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (2.8%). Citrobacter spp., Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa contributed to the distributions of two, one, and three isolates, respectively. Notably, bla OXA48 showed the highest prevalence (33%), followed by bla OXA143 and bla OXA58 (27% and 24%, respectively). In addition, bla OXA24 was present in 11% of the total isolates, bla OXA23 in 10%, and bla NDM in 10%, whereas bla KPC, bla VIM, and bla IMP were not detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative isolates among pediatric patients. Notable resistance patterns, especially in K. pneumoniae and E. coli, underline the urgent need for proactive interventions, including appropriate antibiotic prescription practices and strengthening of antibiotic stewardship programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of rare periodic fever syndromes including the first Korean case of hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome.","authors":"Yoonsun Yoon, Hyun Seo Kim, Jung Ok Shim, JungHwa Lee","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.00787","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.00787","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic transition in South Korea: implications of falling birth rates.","authors":"Chae Young Kim, Sung-Hoon Chung","doi":"10.3345/cep.2023.01599","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2023.01599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review examines the critical issues of declining total fertility rates (TFRs) and aging populations in East Asia with special focus on South Korea. It provides a comprehensive analysis of TFR trends, aging demographics, and the policy responses of these nations to the low-fertility crisis. This study highlights the intricate tapestry of the factors contributing to these demographic shifts, including economic, social, and cultural influences. It also examines the effectiveness of various prenatal policies implemented across these countries, offering insight into their successes and limitations. Furthermore, it explores the role of immigration as a potential solution to the structural challenges posed by low birth rates. This review underscores the importance of multifaceted strategies for addressing the complex demographic challenges faced by South Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pesticide exposure on stunting incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Sani Rachman Soleman, Yaltafit Abror Jeem, Muhammad Fathi Banna Al Faruqi, Mahdea Kasyiva, Vita Widyasari, Kuswati Kuswati, Nur Aini Djunet, Muflihah Rizkawati, Ety Sari Handayani","doi":"10.3345/cep.2023.01522","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2023.01522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an endocrine disruptor chemical, pesticide exposure may affect the regulation of growth hormones such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). A few current studies to date have noted that long-term pesticide exposure disrupted IGF-1, a potential risk of stunting in children. This study aims to evaluate studies to date of the effect of pesticide exposure on stunting incidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA (Pre-ferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. The PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched for relevant articles without publication restrictions. This review aimed to include reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCT), and cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies, which provide actual exposure types of pesticides with stunting measurement by height-age z score. A screening, extraction, and synthesis were conducted, leading to a consensus for reaching mutual agreement. The analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2017 for the screening and extraction, Revman version 5.4 software for the meta-analysis, and OpenMEE software for the meta-regression. Of the 13 studies subjected to the qualitative analysis, 6 were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis: 2 reviews, 2 RCTs, 2 cohorts, 2 case-control, and 5 cross-sectional studies. Exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides was not associated with stunting (P=0.78; odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-1.88). Heterogeneity existed for 79% of the meta-analysis (P≤0.000; z=-5.37; 95% CI, -0.034 to -0.016), and the meta-regression identified age as the causative covariate. Pesticide exposure, regardless of type, is not associated with stunting in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two- versus one-bag fluid delivery in pediatric and adolescent diabetic ketoacidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Maya L Nasser, Joseph Nasr, Reem B Zalloum, Nathanael Q E Yap, Natalie E Bourdakos, Shahid Miangul, Tara A Betts, Hayato Nakanishi, Christian A Than, Serge Jabbour","doi":"10.3345/cep.2023.01536","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2023.01536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two rehydration protocols currently exist to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pediatric patients aged <21 years: the traditional \"one-bag\" system and the more recent \"two-bag\" system. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the newer two-bag system versus the well-established one-bag system. The CiNAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched from inception to June 2023 by 2 independent reviewers using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis framework. Eligible studies were those that reported participants <21 years of age who presented to the emergency room with a clinical diagnosis of DKA. This review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023427551). From the initial screening of 42 studies, 8 unique studies encompassing 583 patients met the eligibility criteria. The analysis yielded no significant intergroup differences in hypoglycemia (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-1.87; I2=3%) or mean glucose correction rate (mean difference [MD], 0.04 mg/ dL/hr; 95% CI, -13.10 to 13.17; I2=64%). The incidence of cerebral edema was as low (0.17%) across groups, with only one case reported in the one-bag group. Notably, the mean time to DKA resolution (MD, -3.24 h; 95% CI, -5.57 to -0.91; I2=0%) and mean response time for intravenous fluid changes (MD, -32.75 min; 95% CI, -43.21 to -22.29; I2=59%) was lower for the two-bag system. This meta- analysis presents preliminary evidence suggesting that the two-bag system may confer advantages over the one-bag system for selected patients. However, further studies with greater patient stratification based on DKA severity, fluid composition, and protocol are needed to draw definitive conclusions and elucidate the extent of these advantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin and oral intervention for food allergy prevention based on dual allergen exposure hypothesis.","authors":"Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada, Yukihiro Ohya","doi":"10.3345/cep.2023.00045","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2023.00045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early-onset atopic dermatitis increases an individual's risk of food allergies, suggesting that transcutaneous sensitization may occur through inflamed skin. Regarding food allergy causation, the dual allergen exposure hypothesis proposes that oral allergen exposure leads to immune tolerance, whereas allergen exposure via inflamed skin causes food allergies. This hypothesis suggests that it is important to induce oral immune tolerance and prevent allergic food sensitization through the skin. This review focuses on the breakthrough evidence based on the dual allergen exposure hypothesis that involves both skin and oral interventions for food allergy prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9683749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of online infant care training and postpartum counseling based on Meleis' transition theory on mothers' readiness for care and breastfeeding: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Fatma Şule Bilgiç, Gülçin Bozkurt","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.00423","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.00423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mothers must acquire the knowledge and skills needed to fulfill their responsibilities and take care of themselves and their babies.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to examine the effects of online baby care education and postpartum counseling based on Meleis' transition theory on mothers' readiness for baby care and breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This randomized controlled trial was conducted between May 2022 and May 2023 at the pregnancy follow-up outpatient clinic of a state hospital. The study sample consisted of 102 pregnant women (52 in the intervention group, 50 in the control group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean scores of the intervention group compared to the control group were significantly higher immediately after birth and at 1, 2, and 3 months postpartum. Change over time was significantly higher in repeated measurements of National Institute of Child Health and Human Development scale scores of the intervention and control groups (P=0.001). In the first 24 hours, mothers in the intervention group breastfed more successfully than those in the control group (P<0.001). Mothers in the intervention group exclusively breast fed at a significantly higher rate immediately and at 1, 2, and 3 months postpartum compared to the control group (P<0.001). A statistically significant difference was noted in mean infant height and weight in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Theory-based online education initiated during pregnancy and counseling continued up to 3 months postpartum positively affected the mothers' abilities to care for their infants. Mothers who received education and counseling breastfed their babies more successfully on the first day and breast fed exclusively at a higher rate in the first 3 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of recombinant interleukin-10 on newborn rat lungs exposed to short-term sublethal hyperoxia.","authors":"Hyeon-Soo Lee, Young-Joon Ryu, Min-Jae Lee","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01221","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung injury imposed by hyperoxia is the main cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in newborns. These injuries are generated from the early stage of hyperoxia through the main biologic effects of cell death and inflammatory response. Interleukin (IL)-10 is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine that may have the inhibitory effects on these biologic actions induced by hyperoxia.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Based on our former in vitro studies investigating the effect of recombinant IL-10 (rIL-10) on protecting cultured alveolar type II cells exposed to short-term hyperoxia, we performed the in vivo study to investigate the effect of rIL-10 in newborn rats aged P4 exposed to hyperoxia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were classified into 3 groups; the control group exposed to normoxia for 24 hours; the hyperoxia group exposed to 65% hyperoxia for 24 hours; and the IL10 group treated with intratracheal instillation of rIL-10 prior to exposure to 65% hyperoxia for 24 hours. Following each treatment, the rats were euthanized. Individual lobes of the right lung were prepared for hematoxyling and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical staining for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF1). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in the left lung to analyze cell counts and cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IL10 group showed preserved air spaces similar to the control group, with decreased cellularity compared to the hyperoxia group, whereas the hyperoxia group showed markedly reduced air spaces with increased cellularity compared to the IL10 group. And, the IL10 group showed more TTF1-positive cells, which represented alveolar type II cells, compared to the hyperoxia group. Inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and lymphocytes and proinflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1α, IL-8, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α were significantly lower in BAL fluid of the IL10 group compared to the hyperoxia group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that rIL-10 may be a promising pharmaceutical measure for protecting newborn lungs from injury induced at the early stage of hyper oxia.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}