Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''最新文献

{"title":"[COMORBIDITY IN THE HEALTH STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS - REPRESENTATIVES OF GENERATION Z WITH FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS].","authors":"N A Zubareva, E N Mingazova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-400-405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-400-405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the young population, a persistent trend toward an increase in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is observed, with Generation Z representatives showing higher rates. The phenomenon of increased referrals of Generation Z individuals to gastroenterologists for FGIDs is indicative: these conditions account for nearly half of all initial consultations in this age group, driven by a combination of high medical awareness, a tendency toward self-diagnosis, and heightened sensitivity to somatic manifestations of psychoemotional stress. Emotional burnout, resulting from academic and professional workloads amid constant digital engagement, acts as a significant risk factor for reduced adaptive potential and deterioration in somatic and mental health indicators. In adolescents and young adults, multiple concomitant FGIDs are often identified, such as combined irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, functional abdominal pain disorders, functional constipation, inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, and others. FGIDs are frequently classified as disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), reflecting the key role of bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain in their development and their impact on the comorbidity of psychological conditions. Accounting for the specific manifestations of comorbidity in the health status of adolescents and young adults with FGIDs is essential for developing effective treatment and preventive programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"400-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF REGIONAL HEALTHCARE: DEFICIENCIES AND GROWTH POINTS].","authors":"T N Kameneva, P V Tkachenko, N I Belousova, S A Kotlyarov, M V Selyukov, N P Shalygina","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-431-435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-431-435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The quality of healthcare is a complex, interdisciplinary category. Current approaches to assessing quality of life are typically based on statistical data, medical statistics, and subjective assessments obtained through mass population surveys. Using expert surveys as a method not only for assessment but also for a deeper professional understanding of processes occurring in the healthcare system, predicting their consequences, and identifying the causes of changes in public opinion appears most appropriate, particularly for regional healthcare systems. Experts from regional communities are most immersed in issues related to their local context. The research methodology was based on the «structure, process, result» (Donabedian) approach and included a survey of experts from regional professional communities in the regional capital of the Kursk border region (n = 40). The experts included representatives from healthcare management, business, science and education, medical professionals, opinion leaders, and political scientists. The results of the expert survey revealed contradictions in regional healthcare management, which are exacerbated by a significant outflow of professional personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"431-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[MATHEMATICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE RISKS OF INFORMAL PRACTICES IN PUBLIC HEALTHCARE IN THE CONTEXT OF A SHORTAGE OF INCOME FROM LABOR ACTIVITIES].","authors":"A L Safonov","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-482-490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-482-490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article examines the structural causes of informal employment and corruption practices in public healthcare institutions. Unlike the traditional approach, which views informality as a shadow activity outside of legal institutions, the authors argue that it can be integrated into formal employment as a systemic response to the household budget deficit of healthcare workers. Based on an analysis of a large dataset (wages, hours worked, and staff turnover from 2015 to 2024), they identify and mathematically prove a critical relationship between the deviation of wages from regional averages and the amount of additional work. Results. A direct correlation (r = 0.994; p lt; 0.001) has been established between income deficiency and the necessary intensification of labor. It has been proven that when the physiological limit of working time (1.5-2.0 rates) is reached, the employees survival strategy transforms into an intensive form, namely, the implementation of administrative and professional resources in the informal sector (monetization of status). Conclusions. The paper substantiates that informal payments for access to services (quota VMP, issuance of sick leave) are not a deviation, but a systemically conditioned mechanism for compensating for the reproduction of human capital. Repressive measures to combat the shadow sector will be ineffective without addressing the mathematically proven imbalance in wages.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"482-490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[REGULATORY AND LEGAL REGULATION OF WORKING HOURS OF MEDICAL WORKERS].","authors":"A A Khlebnikova, E M Kurbanova, Z A Mamisheva","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-538-542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-538-542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article analyzes the legal regulation of working hours of medical workers in Russia. The relevance of the study is due to the increased social significance of the MRs work, which is carried out in special conditions associated with high psychoemotional stress, responsibility for the life and health of patients, and the need to ensure round-the-clock availability of medical care. The purpose of the work is to identify systemic contradictions and gaps in the legal regulation of MRs working hours and to develop proposals for improving current legislation. The research applied general scientific methods (system analysis, synthesis, comparison) and private scientific methods (formal legal, comparative legal, legal modeling method). The author applies an integrated approach when considering the institution of MR working time as a complex, multicomponent phenomenon located at the intersection of labor, administrative and medical law. The paper identifies and characterizes the specifics of the application of the general norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation in relation to MR, analyzes the special norms enshrined in subordinate regulatory legal acts, and determines their relationship with the constitutional principles of health protection and the right to favorable working conditions. As a result of the research, the types of working time accounting used in medical organizations (daily, cumulative) are systematized, the specifics of establishing reduced working hours are detailed, and the legal working hours at night, weekends, and non-working holidays are analyzed. The key problems of law enforcement practice related to violations of standard working hours, failure to account for overwork, and a formal approach to shift schedules have been identified. Specific proposals have been formulated to improve legislation aimed at optimizing legal mechanisms for regulating working hours, taking into account the need to maintain a balance between the interests of patients (continuity and quality of care) and the rights of MR (occupational safety, recreation, prevention of professional burnout).</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"538-542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[STIGMATIZATION OF PATIENTS WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS AS A RISK FACTOR IN PSYCHO-NARCOLOGICAL CARE].","authors":"T S Kugaevskaya","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-448-452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-448-452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relevance of the topic is determined by data from numerous studies indicating a significantly higher prevalence of stigma toward individuals using psychoactive substances compared to patients with other mental disorders. Stigma is recognized as a key problem in modern healthcare systems and is defined as a systemic factor shaping the entire ecosystem of narcological care. It frequently affects the professional activities of mid-level medical personnel manifesting at interconnected levels and forming a vicious cycle that deteriorates treatment quality and outcomes while undermining the health of the staff themselves. Stereotypical and negative perceptions of patients with addictions among mid-level medical personnel lead to discriminatory care practices: ignoring pain complaints unfounded suspicions and the use of derogatory language in communication and documentation. It is stigmatizing treatment that inflicts the most severe psychological trauma becoming the primary barrier to seeking help again. Intra-organizational stigma directly contributes to adverse clinical outcomes increased relapses and mortality. Combating stigma must become the cornerstone of professional support and training programs for mid-level medical personnel as well as efforts to improve the overall quality of narcological care.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"448-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Violation of Prohibitions and Restrictions When Importing Footwear Products into the EAEU as a Threat to the Health and Safety of Consumers].","authors":"K V Konfino","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-436-442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-436-442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relevance of the chosen topic of the scientific article is due to the fact that due to the introduction of sanctions against the Russian Federation and the legalization of parallel imports by the Government of the Russian Federation, most of the branded goods (including crude products) are sold to the Russian markets through the EAEU countries. Research conducted by Rosaccreditation and independent expert laboratories revealed a high level of counterfeit products among the goods imported in this way, which undoubtedly affects the health of end consumers. Thus, during expert research in relation to shoe products that are potentially dangerous to the health of citizens, high concentrations of such substances as phthalates and formaldehyde were revealed. In addition, high-quality violations of such goods due to fragile fastening, the use of cheap analog materials can be the causes of microtrauma, and with prolonged wear - foot deformations, negative impact on the musculoskeletal system and the development of fungal infections. In this regard, the article analyzed the system of technical regulation in the EAEU as an integral part of prohibitions and restrictions, identified problematic aspects, and gave recommendations on the introduction of the «single window» mechanism in technical regulation at the supranational level, as well as the introduction of technologies based on the principles of artificial intelligence, which will increase the efficiency of detecting violations when importing goods. These measures will make it possible to level violations of the import of low-quality footwear products under the guise of parallel imports, which will have a positive effect on the safety and health of end consumers.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"436-442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[SOCIAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE COOPERATION IN THE SPHERE OF PUBLIC HEALTHCARE].","authors":"A V Liadova, M V Liadova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-453-459","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-453-459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article discusses the socio-legal aspects of the development mutual cooperation between Russia and China in the public health. This direction of the current Russian-Chinese political agenda is caused by some factors. One of them is the common nature of public health problems and challenges faced by the healthcare systems. Also the reason is the growth of cross-border mobility of the population of both countries, which necessitates coordination of efforts in the field of regulation, ensuring the quality of services, protecting patients rights and epidemiological control. In this regard, the objective of the study is to analyze the key areas, legal mechanisms and social challenges that influence the development of interaction between Russia and China in the field of public health. Based on the results of the study, the main vectors in the Russian-Chinese cooperation in the field of public health are defined. They include: 1) prevention and control of infectious diseases; 2) digital transformation of healthcare; 3) oncology and nuclear medicine; 4) medical education and science; 5) ethical problems. The main mechanisms of interaction between Russia and China in public healthcare are legal regulatory (bilateral agreements, interdepartmental protocols, harmonization of regulatory requirements) and projects in scientific and educational sphere. Overall, cooperation between Russia and China in healthcare is dynamically developing, multifaceted, and promising. However, there are a number of limitations and problems, including cultural barriers, legal restrictions and ethical challenges. To sum up, the Russian-Chinese cooperation in the field of public health has significant potential, but requires the development of a legal framework and a systematic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"453-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ROMANTICIZATION AND STEREOTYPES AS FACTORS IN SHAPING THE IMAGE OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION].","authors":"J M Tseev, B M Pshizova, I A Kubashicheva","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-543-546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-543-546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article is devoted to the analysis of romanticization and stereotyping of the medical profession as significant factors in the formation of its public image. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that ideas about a doctor are formed not only in the space of real clinical practice, but also under the influence of mass culture, the news agenda, social networks and digital platforms. It is shown that the romanticized image of a doctor enhances the symbolic prestige of the profession, but at the same time it can form inflated expectations of society, idealized scenarios of professional behavior and a distorted understanding of daily medical work. Stereotypes, in turn, simplify the perception of the profession, consolidate gender, status and communication patterns, and also affect the trust of patients and the professional identity of doctors themselves. It is concluded that the modern image of a doctor is formed at the intersection of professional ethics, media representation and public expectations, and therefore requires critical reflection and a more realistic model of public representation of medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"543-546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[NUMBER OF HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATIONS OF VARIOUS FORMS OF OWNERSHIP IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: DYNAMICS AND MAIN TRENDS].","authors":"M I Muslimov, E N Mingazova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-460-465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-460-465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents an analysis of the dynamics in the number of healthcare organizations of various forms of ownership in the Russian Federation for the period from 2009 to 2024. The study was conducted using statistical and analytical methods of time series data processing. Opposite trends in the development of the public and private healthcare sectors have been identified. In the public sector, a reduction in the number of hospital organizations by 27.66% was recorded, alongside a simultaneous increase in the number of outpatient clinics by 23.63%, reflecting the optimization processes in the inpatient sector and the strengthening of primary health care. The private sector demonstrated exponential growth: the number of hospital organizations increased almost fourfold, and outpatient clinics more than doubled. The capacity of private outpatient clinics increased more than fourfold. All identified trends are confirmed by statistical significance. The results obtained indicate the transformation of private medicine into a significant element of the national health protection system, capable of filling the deficit niches of the public sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"460-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[TECHNOSTRESS AS A NEW FACTOR DISTURBING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF SEAMEN].","authors":"T N Timchenko","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-526-531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2026-34-s1-526-531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maritime service is a challenging profession. In addition to demanding physical labor under real risks to life and health, it requires seafarers not only to forgo many aspects of psychological well-being but also to embrace new digital challenges. Intensive work involving modern information technology is accompanied by a number of undesirable consequences (cognitive overload, emotional distress, the erosion of boundaries between work and personal life, etc.), which lead to decreased job satisfaction and pose risks to psychological health. In this article, the author explores the etymology of the concepts of «occupational stress» and «technostress,» identifies stress factors in seafarers professional activities, and identifies the main signs of psychological disorders associated with the development of advanced technologies. Based on the research results, practical recommendations for preventing the development of negative trends are formulated.</p>","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"34 0","pages":"526-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}