Review of Black Political Economy最新文献_第6页

Environmental Justice: Segregation, Noise Pollution and Health Disparities near the Hartsfield-Jackson Airport Area in Atlanta

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211065176

Mona Ray

{"title":"Environmental Justice: Segregation, Noise Pollution and Health Disparities near the Hartsfield-Jackson Airport Area in Atlanta","authors":"Mona Ray","doi":"10.1177/00346446211065176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346446211065176","url":null,"abstract":"The inquiry in this paper has two parts: (1) an examination of potential disparities in exposure to airport noise pollution between Blacks (non-Hispanic) and Whites (non-Hispanic) around the Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson airport (AHJA) area, and (2) a binary logistic regression analysis studying factors contributing to these disparities. The proposed model is that the difference in noise exposure measured by Net Exposure Difference score is a function of the degree of Black-White residential segregation; differences in poverty rates between Blacks and Whites; some socio-economic-demographic variables and four health indicators - noise annoyance (NA); sleep disturbance (SD); hearing impairment (HI); and cardiovascular disorder (CVD). A stratified random sampling method and telephonic survey using a 43-questions questionnaire among the adult households around the AHJA area produced 237 observations on Black and White households over a period of 2 years. Parameter estimates reveals disparities in exposure to aircraft noise exposure between the Black and White households within the 10-mile radius of the airport area indicating environmental injustice. The odds-ratios from the binary logistic regression suggests residential segregation, difference in poverty rates, race, education, as well as health conditions like hearing impairment and sleep disturbances have a statistically significant association with this disparity in noise exposure.","PeriodicalId":35867,"journal":{"name":"Review of Black Political Economy","volume":"57 1","pages":"18 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76929792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Pursuit of Happiness: A Calculation of the Hidden Costs of Being Black in the 21st Century 《追求幸福:21世纪黑人隐性成本的计算

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211055831

Joaquín Alfredo-Angel Rubalcaba, C. Smith

{"title":"The Pursuit of Happiness: A Calculation of the Hidden Costs of Being Black in the 21st Century","authors":"Joaquín Alfredo-Angel Rubalcaba, C. Smith","doi":"10.1177/00346446211055831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346446211055831","url":null,"abstract":"There is no shortage of evidence documenting glaring disparities on important socioeconomic and health indicators between White and Black Americans. Persistent racial disparities are the consequence of a historic system of structural racism. Given ongoing inequities in nearly every realm of American life, we aim to calculate the contemporary cost of racial inequity. We contribute to a growing body of literature concerning the “hidden cost” of being Black by employing a novel methodological approach and centering a paradigm of intersectionality ( Crenshaw, 1991; Shapiro, 2004). Specifically, we account for the disparities in health and income between Blacks and Whites by using the compensating and equivalent surplus frameworks to calculate willingness to accept (WTA) and willingness to pay (WTP) estimates. We estimate the WTP to avoid the disparity in health, income, and wellbeing between Black and White Americans, to be between approximately $38,000 and $45,000 per year per person using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System as well as the General Social Survey, respectively. These estimates can be interpreted as the annual willingness to pay by an average White person to avoid the disparities in income and health experienced by the average Black person.","PeriodicalId":35867,"journal":{"name":"Review of Black Political Economy","volume":"30 6 1","pages":"251 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90731700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computerization and Occupational Change: Assessing the Impact of Automation on Racial and Gender Employment Densities 计算机化和职业变化:评估自动化对种族和性别就业密度的影响

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211055203

Patrick L. Mason

{"title":"Computerization and Occupational Change: Assessing the Impact of Automation on Racial and Gender Employment Densities","authors":"Patrick L. Mason","doi":"10.1177/00346446211055203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346446211055203","url":null,"abstract":"The current wave of technological change is driven by automation, the process of using computers to improve the labor process, viz., increasing the quantity and quality of work “by means of computer-controlled equipment.” Automation has had and will continue to have heterogeneous economic effects across alternative social groups—altering racial and gender inequality. This study empirically examines the relationship between the racial and gender density of occupations and the probability of automation of both minor and broad occupations. Regression analysis is used to uncover correlations between future employment change and the current racial and ethnic composition of occupations, alerting us to whether future employment growth will have a negative or positive association with occupations where each racial group of workers is currently concentrated. Increases in automation are correlated with increases in labor income inequality and increases in racial and gender employment differences. Male jobs may suffer more technological unemployment than female jobs. Specifically, within each racial group high density male jobs have a greater probability of automation (and lower probability of future demand) than high density female jobs. High density White female jobs appear to be most complementary to automation, while the high density occupations of racial minority men appear to be least complementary to automation.","PeriodicalId":35867,"journal":{"name":"Review of Black Political Economy","volume":"3 1","pages":"423 - 443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89696233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Entrepreneurship and Labor Absorption: Blacks and Whites in Northern U.S. Cities During the Great Depression 企业家精神与劳动力吸收:大萧条时期美国北部城市的黑人和白人

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211060543

R. L. Boyd

引用次数: 0

In Memoriam: Thaddeus H. Spratlen 纪念:萨迪厄斯·h·斯普拉特伦

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211036764

W. Bradford

引用次数: 0

Determinants of Racial Disparities in Female Incarceration Rates, 2000–2018 女性监禁率种族差异的决定因素，2000-2018

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-10-27 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211051078

S. Myers, William J. Sabol, Man Xu

引用次数: 1

Re-Examining the Effect of Job Sprawl on the Black-White Housing Consumption Gap: Evidence Following the Great Recession 重新审视就业蔓延对黑人-白人住房消费差距的影响:大衰退后的证据

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211044147

Jared M. Ragusett

{"title":"Re-Examining the Effect of Job Sprawl on the Black-White Housing Consumption Gap: Evidence Following the Great Recession","authors":"Jared M. Ragusett","doi":"10.1177/00346446211044147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346446211044147","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the association between employment decentralization and the Black-White housing consumption gap since the Great Recession. This research investigates the extent to which post-recession spatial patterns of employment facilitate, or impede, the recovery for Black households. The model estimates a statistically significant correlation between job sprawl and the Black-White housing gap, although the direction depends upon the level of sprawl and measure of housing consumption. For example, while job sprawl is associated with a reduction in the Black-White unit size gap, that association only holds in high-sprawl metropolitan areas. In one area of improvement since the recession, job sprawl is correlated with a reduction in the ownership gap in a majority of metropolitan areas. However, job sprawl is also correlated with an intensification of the suburban ownership gap in the vast majority of metropolitan areas in the study. This study counters conventional arguments that unplanned sprawl may reduce intergroup inequality, and that metropolitan land use regulations may therefore exacerbate inequality. The results of this research demonstrate that inequality persists in light of competitive market forces that generate sprawl. Metropolitan land use policies that mitigate sprawl may therefore be legitimate tools for mitigating intergroup inequality in metropolitan housing markets.","PeriodicalId":35867,"journal":{"name":"Review of Black Political Economy","volume":"7 1","pages":"281 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87169940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The forest behind the tree: Heterogeneity in how U.S. Governor’s party affects black workers 树后的森林:美国州长政党对黑人工人影响的异质性

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346446221093053

Guy Tchuente, Johnson Kakeu, J. Francois

{"title":"The forest behind the tree: Heterogeneity in how U.S. Governor’s party affects black workers","authors":"Guy Tchuente, Johnson Kakeu, J. Francois","doi":"10.1177/00346446221093053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346446221093053","url":null,"abstract":"Income inequality is a distributional phenomenon. This paper examines the impact of U.S. governor’s party allegiance (Republican vs Democrat) on ethnic wage gap. A descriptive analysis of the distribution of yearly earnings of Whites and Blacks reveals a divergence in their respective shapes over time suggesting that aggregate analysis may mask important heterogeneous effects. This motivates a granular estimation of the comparative causal effect of governors’ party affiliation on labor market outcomes. This paper uses a regression discontinuity design (RDD) based on marginal electoral victories and samples of quantiles groups by wage and hours worked. Overall, the distributional causal estimations show that the vast majority of subgroups of Black workers earnings are not affected by democrat governors’ policies, suggesting the possible existence of structural factors in the labor markets that contribute to create and keep a wage trap and/or hour worked trap for most of the subgroups of Black workers. Democrat governors increase the number of hours worked of Black workers at the highest quartiles of earnings. A bivariate quantiles groups analysis shows that democrats decrease the total hours worked for Black workers who have the largest number of hours worked and earn the least. Black workers earnings more and working fewer hours than half of the sample see their number of hours worked increase under a democrat governor.","PeriodicalId":35867,"journal":{"name":"Review of Black Political Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42608926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Layers of Inequality: Unequal Opportunities and Skin Color in Mexico 不平等的层次:墨西哥的不平等机会和肤色

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211044149

L. Monroy-Gómez-Franco, Roberto Velez-Grajales, G. Yalonetzky

引用次数: 5

Assessing a Welfare Program's Effects on Social Mobility in Brazil's “Golden Age”: The Intersectionality of Race, Gender, and Redistributive Social Programs in Two Brazilian Cities 评估巴西“黄金时代”福利项目对社会流动性的影响:两个巴西城市种族、性别和再分配社会项目的交叉性

Review of Black Political Economy Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/00346446211036766

Elizabeth Kaknes

引用次数: 0