Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal最新文献

{"title":"La odontología en la identificación de sucesos con víctimas múltiples","authors":"Aurora Valenzuela-Garach","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The approval in 2009, of the <em>Protocolo Nacional de actuación Médico-Forense y de Policía Científica en sucesos con víctimas múltiples</em>, was the basic normative to formally regulate both the technical procedures that must be applied, and the different tasks to be carried out in a disaster victim incident in Spain. This article reviews the procedures and techniques used in forensic odontology for human identification in DVI incidents with multiple victims. Given that the recognition of the individualizing characteristics of the teeth, and in general the odontological data, supposes a highly specialized process, it is essential the assistance of forensic dentists with experience in this field, who will have the training and the knowledge to carry out the dental procedures such as documenting dental records, accurate interpretation of the results and withdraw precise dental identification conclusions. Finally, recommendations for the preparation of forensic dental identification reports are included in this review.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 2","pages":"Pages 47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49848567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hacia un cambio de paradigma en la atención psicológica en grandes emergencias: de incidentes con múltiples víctimas a incidentes con múltiples afectados","authors":"Andrés Cuartero ,&nbsp;Alba Pérez-González","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Major emergencies or disasters pose great challenges to society and especially to all emergency services. In the last decades, the Mental Health perspective has been incorporated as an important part of comprehensive health care for those affected. Thus, the conceptual change from “multiple casualty incident” (MCI) to “multiple affected incident” (MAI) focuses on the care and well-being of all people affected by an incident, not only those who have suffered physical injuries. The objective of this article is focused on finding out the possibilities of intervention with patients labeled in triage as psychological green (without affectation and/or physical injuries), based on advanced psychological intervention in emergencies (IPA). The IPA, beyond removing those affected from danger, seeks to increase their sense of control and efficacy, both to face the situation and to increase their sense of competence in the experience of subsequent trauma with respect to that experience. In this sense, recent assessment possibilities, as well as psychological first aid approaches, allow new intervention applications in emergencies such as those made possible by remote air support (drones). Its application and possibilities as future options are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 2","pages":"Pages 64-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49806477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervención forense en el accidente de autobús con 13 víctimas mortales en Freginals, Tarragona, España","authors":"Rosa Maria Cabús ,&nbsp;Lluïsa Barbera ,&nbsp;Bernardo Salort ,&nbsp;Irene Sanchéz ,&nbsp;Nuria Soler ,&nbsp;Eneko Barberia ,&nbsp;Jordi Medallo ,&nbsp;Anna Hospital ,&nbsp;Juan Fancisco Ortigosa ,&nbsp;Claudina Vidal ,&nbsp;Ines Landin ,&nbsp;Magdalena Albiol ,&nbsp;Leonor Chavarria ,&nbsp;Luis Vaquero ,&nbsp;Ruth Álvarez ,&nbsp;Carmen- Muñoz ,&nbsp;Rocio Nieto","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Corpses identification in events with multiple victims is a challenge and one of the main activities of Forensic Pathology. Legal, humanitarian and social repercussions are derived from the correct identification and also its management, generating a great impact.</p><p>The objective of this paper is to present the management and identification process of the 13 deaths that occurred in the bus accident on the AP7 motorway in March 2016 in Freginals (Tarragona, Spain). The rapid identification of fatalities, the different quality control mechanisms used, attention to family members, as well as the proper management of the catastrophe with the human and material resources available are analysed.</p><p>Despite the foreign nationality of all the victims, which determined the method of identification, all of them were quickly identified by dentistry, fingerprinting or DNA and were quickly returned to their families and countries of origin. Italy was the country where the largest number of victims came from. The participation of forensic doctors in ante mortem data recovery is highlighted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 2","pages":"Pages 71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48439520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embolismo gaseoso iatrogénico","authors":"Mercè Subirana-Domènech, Diego Anglada-Gotor, Helena Martínez-Alcázar","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55111370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocirugía y judicialización: estudio observacional de la responsabilidad por daños provocados en la práctica neuroquirúrgica pública en España","authors":"M. Hernández-Herrero, Joaquin Cayón de las Cuevas","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55111354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data de inmersión en cuerpos recuperados del agua en el norte de la Patagonia Argentina","authors":"Gustavo A. Breglia ,&nbsp;Marcelo H. Uzal ,&nbsp;Jorge A. Herbstein","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The estimation of the immersion time of bodies recovered from the water, through the evaluation of the cadaveric changes, allows inferring the time that they have remained in the water regardless of the cause of death. In the present study, the Daily Accumulation of Degrees (ADG) method is analyzed for the calculation of the immersion interval in bodies recovered from the water in 36 bodies with a known interval of permanence in the water.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A total of 161 bodies were recovered from the water between 2007 and 2022, in 41 cases there was data to be analyzed by the ADG method and 36 were suitable for analysis of the method when confronted with the known intervals of immersion of the bodies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The comparison of calculation by Daily Accumulation of Degrees versus Known Immersion Interval, of the sample of 36 cases, showed that the difference in days obtained is statistically significant (p= 0.48 &gt; 0.005). In 16 cases (44.4%) there was an underestimation by the Daily Accumulation of Degrees method with respect to the time spent in the known water that differed by an average of 40%, and in 18 cases (50%) an overestimation of 41%. Based on the observation of the cadaveric changes, the month of the year and the water temperature, a table was made to estimate the Postmortal Interval of Immersion for watercourses in Northern Patagonia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The method of Daily Accumulation of Degrees in bodies recovered from the water to estimate the immersion interval may give a false perception of accuracy due to the complexity of integrating all the changing factors that affect human decomposition in aquatic environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 1","pages":"Pages 20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49830901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between Femoral Neck Version, Sagittal Femoral Bowing Angle and Sagittal Offset of the Femoral Head from the Distal Femur Axis in an Osteological Collection.","authors":"Dedi Ho, Raymond W Liu, Philip K McClure","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10080-1577","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10080-1577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Radiographic analysis of lower limb alignment is crucial for the planning and evaluation of deformity correction. Assessment in the sagittal plane is often overlooked compared with the coronal plane for a variety of reasons. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the femoral head in the sagittal plane and femoral neck version in the axial plane, and how sagittal femoral bowing angle (sFBA) may contribute.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-five each of high (1-2 standard deviations above mean), normal (2.5° below to 2.5° above the mean), and low (1-2 standard deviations below the mean) version femurs were randomly selected from an osteological collection database, photographed and measured for sFBA and sagittal offset of femoral head from the distal femur axis. Lines were drawn within the proximal and distal quartiles of the shaft to create sFBA. The offset of the distal quartile line and the femoral head was also measured. High intra- and inter-observer correlations were established. The relationship between parameters was assessed using the Pearson coefficient (<i>r</i>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sagittal offset of the femoral head from the distal femur axis was found to be highly correlated with sFBA (<i>r</i> = 0.78), and only mildly with femoral neck version (<i>r</i> = 0.52). Sagittal femoral bowing angle and femoral neck version share no relationship (<i>r</i> = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neither the sFBA nor sagittal femoral head offset is strongly associated with femoral neck version.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Our data reinforce the need for long leg lateral films to include the femoral head in sagittal deformity analysis, as imaging limited to the knee will not account for the effect of bowing on femoral head position.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Ho D, Liu RW, Mcclure PK. Correlation between Femoral Neck Version, Sagittal Femoral Bowing Angle and Sagittal Offset of the Femoral Head from the Distal Femur Axis in an Osteological Collection. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2023;18(1):12-15.</p>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"39 1","pages":"12-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10682551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76998857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sumisión química: Situación actual","authors":"Oscar Quintela Jorge","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49560140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presencia de sustancias psicoactivas en las víctimas de violencia sexual en la provincia de Alicante (España) durante los años 2016-2020","authors":"Esperanza Navarro Escayola ,&nbsp;Clara Vega Vega ,&nbsp;Rafael Bañon González ,&nbsp;Nuria Sanvicens Díez","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The use of psychoactive drugs to facilitate sexual assault has acquired great relevance in recent years. The objective of this work is to help make this type of situation visible, establishing diagnostic criteria and thus being able to determine the real incidence of this type of crime.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>In order to determine the frequency and characteristics of victims of sexual assault with suspected chemical submission (SSQ), a retrospective descriptive study of sexual assaults facilitated by psychoactive substances has been carried out at the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Alicante in the years 2016-2020.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 702 cases studied, 95 (13.5%) met the criteria for inclusion in the probable DFSA (drug-facilitated sexual assault) group.</p><p>The profile of the victim was a woman (95.4%) around 24 years old. In most cases, the sexual violence was committed by a single male aggressor, recently met or known by the victim, and generally these events happen on weekends. The victim had voluntarily consumed alcohol, drugs or psychotropic drugs immediately before the events in most cases (88,5%). This vulnerable state of the victim was used by the aggressor to sexually assault her (opportunistic DFSA). The toxicological analyses performed on blood and/or urine were positive in 85.3%. In almost half of them (46.3%), there was more than one substance found in the toxicological analyses. The most frequent substance found were: alcohol (54.7%), cannabinoids (37,9%), benzodiazepines (22.1%), cocaine (15.8%) and ecstasy or MDMA (8.4%).</p><p>In half of the cases (50.5%), unexpected positive toxicological findings were obtained for psychoactive substances that the victim did not admit to having consumed voluntarily.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 1","pages":"Pages 3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49830903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisión sobre la metodología para el diseño de la estrategia de calidad en los servicios de patología forense","authors":"Luciana Miguel Alhambra ,&nbsp;Julio Zarco Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Eduardo Andreu Tena","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2022.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The culmination of the process of creating the Institutes of Legal Medicine (IML) with the commissioning of the IML of Madrid in 2020 homogenizes the competences of forensic medicine throughout the country. Recent legislative reforms in specialized medical training, expand their responsibilities to cover, in addition to the expert function, a stronger role in teaching and research. The design and implementation of quality systems must become a priority for IMLs in order to guarantee their effectiveness and efficiency by providing accurate, reliable and timely results. This article provides a detailed review of the procedure to be followed to design a quality strategy in Forensic Pathology Services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 1","pages":"Pages 28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49830902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}