Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal最新文献

{"title":"Eficacia de 3 métodos de extracción de ADN a partir de restos óseos obtenidos de 3 contextos tafonómicos","authors":"Lucero I. Portuguéz Ramírez ,&nbsp;Dan E. Vivas-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Roberto C. Parra Chinchilla ,&nbsp;Nelson O. Rivera Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The extraction techniques of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from old bone samples are based on the use of complex methodologies, which deal with the degradation of the sample, the low amount of DNA and the presence of inhibitors that can be extracted simultaneously.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To compare the efficiency in obtaining DNA from the methods: organic extraction, commercial kit and previous total demineralization, to obtain STR profiles of old bone samples from three taphonomic processes (alkaline, acid and moist mitotic).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>29 skeletal remains from three different taphonomic contexts were processed: acidic, alkaline and wet-fungal. The amount of DNA obtained from three methodologies was evaluated in a comparative manner: organic extraction method (phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol) (SO), extraction by silica column KIT QIAamp® DNA Investigator of QIAgen® (KC) and the methodology of extraction by previous total demineralization (DP). Finally, the obtaining of the STR profiles from the methodology of greater performance was tested.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The following quantification values were obtained: i) alkaline medium: 0.068 ± 0.07 ng/μL (SO), 0.021 ± 0.01ng/μL (KC) y 0.073 ± 0.052 ng/μL (DP); ii) acidic medium: 0.098 ± 0.064 ng/μL (SO), 0.041 ± 0.029 ng/μL (KC) y 0.068 ± 0.042 ng/μL; iii) Wet-mitotic medium: 0.25 ± 0.061 ng/μL (SO), 0.04 ± 0.027 ng/μL (KC) y 0.15 ± 0.072 ng/μL (DP). Likewise, using the DNA samples obtained by the SO method, complete profiles were obtained for the wet taphonomic context while the alkaline taphonomic process proved to be the most drastic for DNA degradation, presenting a greater number of incomplete profiles.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The methodology of organic extraction was optimal in obtaining DNA from the three taphonomic processes evaluated. On the other hand, the wet-fungal taphonomic process is the one that produces the least negative impact on the preservation of DNA from skeletal remains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 3","pages":"Pages 91-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47622592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotura de seudoaneurisma anastomótico como complicación tardía de aortoplastia torácica con parche. A propósito de un caso","authors":"Manuel Alfonso Aparcero Fernández del Campo ,&nbsp;Valeriano Muñoz Hernández ,&nbsp;Carolina Arroyo García ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Bohórquez Sierra","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 3","pages":"Pages 120-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49828756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revista Española de Medicina Legal solo en formato online","authors":"Eneko Barbería ,&nbsp;Carles Martin-Fumadó ,&nbsp;Alexandre Xifró ,&nbsp;Esperanza Luisa Gómez-Durán ,&nbsp;Josep Arimany-Manso ,&nbsp;Amadeo Pujol-Robinat","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 3","pages":"Pages 79-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49788078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avances en toxicología forense y su papel en el proceso forense (I)","authors":"Maria Luisa Soria","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2022.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The scope of forensic toxicology services has currently become technically and intellectually so demanding. As our society progresses, it becomes more complex and crime takes place in different ways. The development of highly sensitive detection techniques and appropriate data processing has enabled the analysis of a wide range of compounds, now in a wider range of matrices. Multiple associated technological innovations such as artificial intelligence or chemometric techniques, provide forensic toxicologists with different tools to facilitate the management of a multitude of generated data, or to devise a more effective analytical strategy.</p><p>The role of forensic toxicology in the forensic process is reliable and relevant for the resolution of criminal cases but it is still in development to minimize or overcome its deficiencies. In this context, it is necessary to work with a qualified system able to ensure the reliability of the results and that guarantees security to the judicial system and therefore to the citizen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 3","pages":"Pages 107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49828758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocirugía y judicialización: estudio observacional de la responsabilidad por daños provocados en la práctica neuroquirúrgica pública en España","authors":"Mónica Hernández-Herrero,&nbsp;Joaquin Cayón de las Cuevas","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><p>Neurosurgery has been internationally considered a \"high risk\" specialty for lawsuits. The aim of this observational study was to analyze the characteristics of medical liability rulings in Spain for damages caused by the practice of neurosurgery in Spanish public health care.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional observational study analyzing the rulings handed down in the contentious-administrative jurisdiction by the High Courts of Justice in the period 2008-2020, in the specialty of neurosurgery. The variables were administrative, clinical, judicial, and compensatory.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 1,015 rulings were analyzed, of which 38 (3.74%) were related to neurosurgery. A total of 51.85 % of the judgments were dismissed at first instance and 88.88% at second instance. The most frequent reason in the rulings upholding the compensation requested by the patients was lack of information: 8 (53.33%). The most frequently claimed damage was sequelae: 31 (81.57%). The medical activity most related to the claims was spinal surgery: 23 (60.52%). The median award was 40,000 euros, with a range of 5,000-78,285 euros.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In the Spanish public health system, the specialty of neurosurgery is not among the most demanded. Most of the rullings (60%) reject the compensation requested and, therefore, are favorable to the health services. In the case of an upheld decision, lack of information is the most frequent reason for breach of the lex artis. These data contribute to improving the knowledge of professionals in the medical-legal aspects of health care and invite the formulation of further studies contrasting the Spanish data with those of other countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 3","pages":"Pages 101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49788081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embolismo gaseoso iatrogénico","authors":"Mercè Subirana-Domènech,&nbsp;Diego Anglada-Gotor,&nbsp;Helena Martínez-Alcázar","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 3","pages":"Pages 118-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49828757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valoración de las lesiones físicas en 702 casos de violencia sexual en la provincia de Alicante (2016-2020)","authors":"C. Vega-Vega, Esperanza Navarro-Escayola, Rafael Bañón-González","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2023.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55111770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aportaciones y avances de la genética forense en los sucesos con víctimas múltiples","authors":"Manuel Crespillo Márquez ,&nbsp;Pedro A. Barrio Caballero ,&nbsp;María José Farfán Espuny","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Disaster victim identification is crucial for humanitarian and legal reasons. Forensic genetics plays an important role in these situations which often become a challenge for the different professionals involved due to their complexity. The establishment of guidelines and recommendations makes it easier to follow standardized protocols that make it possible to guarantee the reliability of the identification final result. Likewise, advances in forensic genetics contribute to speeding up the response, providing new analysis strategies and bioinformatic tools. This article aims to provide an overview of how forensic genetics and its advances can contribute in these situations, as well as some keys to understanding the work of forensic genetics laboratories in the identification of corpses in events with multiple victims.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 2","pages":"Pages 55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48014997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La Comisión Técnica Nacional para Sucesos con Víctimas Múltiples en España","authors":"Rafael Bañón González","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"49 2","pages":"Pages 45-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47451633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotura de seudoaneurisma anastomótico como complicación tardía de aortoplastia torácica con parche. A propósito de un caso","authors":"Manuel Alfonso Aparcero Fernández del Campo, Valeriano Muñoz Hernández, Carolina Arroyo García, Juan Carlos Bohórquez Sierra","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2023.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55111594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}