Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal最新文献_第10页

La medicina forense en la era post COVID-19 后新冠病毒时代的法医学

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.10.001

Marta Grijalba , Eneko Barbería

引用次数: 2

Estrategias de afrontamiento formales en victimización por stalking: factores asociados a la denuncia policial 跟踪受害的正式应对策略:与警方报告相关的因素

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.02.003

Victòria Fernández-Cruz

{"title":"Estrategias de afrontamiento formales en victimización por stalking: factores asociados a la denuncia policial","authors":"Victòria Fernández-Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The rate of reporting the crime of stalking to the police in Spain is low. The present study aims to determine the factors that influence the decision to report the victimizing event to the police, as well as the reasons for non-reporting.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 1,773 Spanish university students (71.9% female and 27.4% male; mean age 21.35 years; SD=4.493) completed a stalking victimization survey to determine the prevalence rate of stalking victimization, the severity of the behaviour and the likelihood of reporting.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>638 students (35.6%) reported having been victims of stalking at some time in their lives (79.5% female, mean age=21.85, SD=5.340). Only 35 victims (5.5%) reported the incident to the police. Being a woman, receiving threats of harm to third parties, as well as direct threats were the variables most related to reporting the situation. Of the victims who did not report the events (386), more than half considered that the situation was not important enough to report to the police.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Stalking is a prevalent phenomenon, however, the rate of reporting to the police is low. The severity of the behaviours experienced increases the likelihood of reporting. Therefore, it is necessary to raise awareness of the phenomenon of stalking to prevent serious behaviours and enhance the visibility of this crime.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"47 4","pages":"Pages 136-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55109325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tonometría ocular en pacientes críticos y su comportamiento 危重病人的眼压测量及其行为

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2020.12.003

Sandra Vianney Ramirez Ojeda , Martha Giselda Rangel Charqueño , Cesar Hernandez Mier

{"title":"Tonometría ocular en pacientes críticos y su comportamiento","authors":"Sandra Vianney Ramirez Ojeda , Martha Giselda Rangel Charqueño , Cesar Hernandez Mier","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The study of the post-mortem interval is an important element in the investigation of criminal acts. It is also one of the most difficult variables to quantify and establish. Various cadaveric phenomena are used to assess it, some of which are ocular, such as intraocular pressure. There are currently no reliable indicators of its behaviour over time.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Prospective, longitudinal, descriptive, and analytical study. Ante-mortem and post-mortem intraocular pressure was measured in seriously ill patients with progression to death, performing descriptive analysis of variables and application of the Student's t test, χ<sup>2</sup> and ANOVA</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Ninety-five eyes were studied, obtaining a mean ante-mortem intraocular pressure of 13.4mmHg, which progressively decreased during the four hours post-mortem, 10.4mmHg per hour, 8.48mmHg at 2hours, 6.17mmHg at 3hours, and 3.81mmHg at 4hours. In the repeated measures ANOVA test, a clinically significant value of p<.001 was obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In this study, an inverse relationship was observed between post-mortem intraocular pressure and post-mortem interval, with a linear decrease over time of 2mmHg per hour. Therefore, the measurement of intraocular pressure is a fast and reproducible method, which can be used as an additional element to estimate the post- mortem interval.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"47 4","pages":"Pages 150-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55108769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

La gestión de las personas fallecidas a causa de la pandemia de COVID-19 y los retos organizativos desde la óptica de los servicios medicolegales 从医疗法律服务的角度管理因COVID-19大流行而死亡的人员和组织挑战

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.01.003

José Luis Prieto Carrero , Luis Fondebrider , Mercedes Salado Puerto , Morris Tidball Binz

{"title":"La gestión de las personas fallecidas a causa de la pandemia de COVID-19 y los retos organizativos desde la óptica de los servicios medicolegales","authors":"José Luis Prieto Carrero , Luis Fondebrider , Mercedes Salado Puerto , Morris Tidball Binz","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which emerged at the end of 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan, was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020.</p><p>In the most affected countries and regions, in parallel to the high number of patients and the consequent saturation of the health services, the unusually high number of deaths adds a very sensitive burden to authorities regarding the management of corpses.</p><p>The purpose of this article is to identify the particular challenges of an appropriate management and coordination of the institutions involved and to propose recommendations for action for the proper and dignified management of the deceased and the protection of the rights of their families to a respectful treatment, to know the fate and whereabouts of their loved ones and to honor them according to their beliefs and customs. The important role that medical-legal services may play for this is highlighted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"47 4","pages":"Pages 164-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.reml.2021.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55109224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Análisis descriptivo del suicidio en el bienio 2018-2019 en Valladolid (España) 2018-2019两年期巴利亚多利德自杀的描述性分析(西班牙)

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2020.12.005

Víctor Prieto Lorenzo , José María Maderuelo Fernández , Laura Gallardo Borge , Isabel Santos Carrasco , María Queipo de Llano , Alberto San Román Uría , Fernando Uribe Ladrón de Cegama , José Antonio Blanco Garrote

{"title":"Análisis descriptivo del suicidio en el bienio 2018-2019 en Valladolid (España)","authors":"Víctor Prieto Lorenzo , José María Maderuelo Fernández , Laura Gallardo Borge , Isabel Santos Carrasco , María Queipo de Llano , Alberto San Román Uría , Fernando Uribe Ladrón de Cegama , José Antonio Blanco Garrote","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Suicide and its prevention are a serious public health challenge. As the primary external cause of death in our country, it seems to be beyond our understanding and control in view of the numerous studies and interventions carried out. We conducted a study of suicide at the Valladolid Institute of Legal Medicine from 2018-2019.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>All deaths by suicide from 2018-2019 were collected and crossed with anonymized data of the Psychiatry Service of the University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid in 2019.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The suicide rate was 8.5/100,000 inhabitants, 49 cases in 2018 and 44 in 2019, with a 3:1 male to female ratio, mainly in rural areas. The age group with the highest incidence was 31-70 years. Hanging in rural areas and precipitation in urban areas were the main methods. Affective disorders (F30-39 ICD-10) were the most common identified psychiatric disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Suicide rates are slightly lower, while the risk profile and features of suicide remain constant in our environment more than 20 years later, indicating that preventive efforts carried out have not been completely successful. The effective prevention of suicide must start with better identification, prevention, and treatment of psychiatric disorders, but the contribution of the Institutes of Legal Medicine in the implementation of multilevel population programmes is also essential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"47 4","pages":"Pages 143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55108876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

El protocolo de valoración urgente del riesgo de violencia de género del Consejo Médico Forense 法医委员会关于性别暴力风险紧急评估的议定书

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.02.002

Mar Pastor-Bravo , José M. Montero-Juanes , Eneko Barbería-Marcalain , Marta Grijalba-Mazo , Aina Estarellas-Roca , Rafael Bañón-González

引用次数: 1

Genealogía forense. Implicaciones sociales, éticas, legales y científicas 法医族谱。社会、伦理、法律和科学影响

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2020.06.001

Óscar García

引用次数: 2

Populations comparison and assessment of Gaya-Sancho regression formulas for sex estimation based on sacrum 基于骶骨性别估计的Gaya-Sancho回归公式的总体比较与评价

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2020.09.002

Benjamín Gaya-Sancho, Inmaculada Alemán, Rogers Tracy

{"title":"Populations comparison and assessment of Gaya-Sancho regression formulas for sex estimation based on sacrum","authors":"Benjamín Gaya-Sancho, Inmaculada Alemán, Rogers Tracy","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The effectiveness that some methodologies offer is analysed when they are applied to estimate sex in individuals from a geographical environment other than the population from which the formulas were obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the method of Gaya-Sancho applying their regression formulas and comparing modern skeletal collections of the same chronological context.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>By means of some metrical variables of the sacrum, the degree of sexual dimorphism of a modern series from Granada is compared with another modern series from Granada and a modern series from Canada.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Despite the similarities between the series, the results range from 56.25% to 59.52% in males and from 77.27% to 91.67% in females from Órgiva and from 83.78% to 89.19% in males and from 64.29% to 69.23% in females from Grant.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>These results showed that the difference in series could be influenced by many factors as some authors stated despite the similar geographical context.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These results suggest that the regression formulas can be an acceptable method to estimate sex and the existence of differences between the analysed series.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77865636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Calidad de los partes de lesiones por violencia de género en la provincia de Pontevedra 蓬特韦德拉省性别暴力伤害部分的质量

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2020.09.003

Rebeca Diéguez Méndez , Marta Medrano Varela , María Sol Rodríguez Calvo

{"title":"Calidad de los partes de lesiones por violencia de género en la provincia de Pontevedra","authors":"Rebeca Diéguez Méndez , Marta Medrano Varela , María Sol Rodríguez Calvo","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2020.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Gender violence is a health problem with legal consequences. Health professionals must notify these cases to the judicial authority through injury reports. The aim of this study was to analyse the quality of injury reports in gender-based violence cases, assessing whether the recommendations of health protocols are being followed.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A retrospective study in a sample of 474 documents issued in cases with suspicion of gender-based violence was carried out. A scale was developed and applied to assess their quality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most of the mandatory reporting documents were of medium quality. In 90% of cases data referring to medical staff, women and primary health care were reflected. Likewise, gender violence and the type of violence were specified in 80%. The most widespread deficiencies related to the history of abuse, which were only incorporated in 15% and reference to whether the patient came alone or accompanied in 9%. In addition, more than 72% of documents had abbreviations. The best injury reports were made in primary care facilities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The quality of injury reports is related to the structure of documents and their origin, highlighting the importance of having a standard document, as well as the need to improve training and awareness of health professionals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 99-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55108452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intervención médico-forense en casos de violencia sexual en la situación sanitaria de pandemia por COVID-19 COVID-19大流行卫生状况下性暴力案件的法医干预

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.01.001

Jorge González-Fernández

引用次数: 0