Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal最新文献_第9页

Colaboración internacional en ciencias forenses: el proyecto ICRIME 法医学国际合作:ICRIME项目

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2022.03.005

Dolores Moreno Raymundo , Javier Samper Orgilés

引用次数: 0

Avances en toxicología forense y su papel en el proceso forense (I) 法医毒理学的进展及其在法医过程中的作用(一)

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2022.03.004

M. L. Soria

引用次数: 0

Sumisión química por «burundanga» o escopolamina 布隆迪丹加或东莨菪碱的化学成分

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2022.01.004

Cesáreo Fernández Alonso , Elena Descalzo Casado , Oscar Quintela Jorge , Carmen Megía Morales , Begoña Bravo Serrano , Andrés Santiago-Sáez

{"title":"Sumisión química por «burundanga» o escopolamina","authors":"Cesáreo Fernández Alonso , Elena Descalzo Casado , Oscar Quintela Jorge , Carmen Megía Morales , Begoña Bravo Serrano , Andrés Santiago-Sáez","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2022.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><em>Burundanga</em> or potion with scopolamine is a substance that has gained great notoriety in cases of drug facilitated crimes (DFC). San Carlos Clinical Hospital (SCCH) has a clinical practice guide in suspected DFC. The toxicological analysis (TA) is carried out at the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF) in Madrid.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To analyze cases of suspicion of DFC due to scopolamine in SCCH.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective observational study of cases registered as possible SQ in the HCSC with scopolamine identified in the toxicological analysis (TA) between March 2015 and 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In only 1 of 292 (0.3%) records in the SCCH were identified scopolamine (128,2 ng/ml) in urine using liquid chromatography techniques coupled with mass spectrometry. A 34-year-old man was referred to the emergency room for anticholinergic symptoms, referring to a crime against property.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Scopolamine is a substance identified in an exceptional way in cases of suspected SQ in SCCH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 74-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55109520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

¿Cómo son las mujeres homicidas en España? Una serie de casos 西班牙的女性杀手是什么样的?一系列的案例

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.001

Serguei Dario Noroze Gallego , Santiago Rincón Velázquez , Francisco Gregorio Francés Bozal

{"title":"¿Cómo son las mujeres homicidas en España? Una serie de casos","authors":"Serguei Dario Noroze Gallego , Santiago Rincón Velázquez , Francisco Gregorio Francés Bozal","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Homicides committed by women are of special scientific and social interest. In forensic literature, common characteristics differentiating women's homicide of those committed by men have been observed. These characteristics concern the act of homicide itself, and also the victims and aggressors characteristics. Our objective is to find if in Spain, homicides committed by women present such characteristics or substantial differences exist.</p></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><p>We analysed a case series (n = 18) of homicides committed by women. We evaluated their biography, homicide characteristics, previous mental illness history and drug use, and data of interest concerning the legal procedure.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In our sample, as highlighted differences between our study and others, we found less traumatic events in the biography of women who have a homicide conviction. We also found less history of previous aggresions and threats to the women by their victims.</p></div><div><h3>Final considerations</h3><p>More studies are necessary to confirm these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55109055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Registros ortodóncicos para la identificación forense: una revisión exploratoria 法医鉴定用正畸记录：探索性回顾

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.08.002

Mariano Vidal-Parra , Gabriel M. Fonseca

引用次数: 3

Comportamiento y distribución del suicidio en la ciudad de Medellín durante el periodo 2015-2019 2015-2019年medellin市自杀行为和分布情况

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.002

Catalina Vásquez Guarín , Anny Daiana Bother Mena , Daniel Ferraro Osorio , Omar Betancur Barrera

{"title":"Comportamiento y distribución del suicidio en la ciudad de Medellín durante el periodo 2015-2019","authors":"Catalina Vásquez Guarín , Anny Daiana Bother Mena , Daniel Ferraro Osorio , Omar Betancur Barrera","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To identify the distribution and behavior of suicide in the city of Medellin during the period 2015-2019.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Documentary study, retrospective approach, secondary sources of information on suicide cases reported by the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences between 2015-2019 for the city of Medellin were used, the data was consolidated and transformed into relative frequencies and percentages.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 839 cases of suicide were reported, 81% of which were men, with a higher occurrence in ages between 29 and 59 years, reaching 48% of the total cases. Unmarried people were the marital status with the highest number of cases, 60% in the last two years; asphyxia with 60% is the most used method and temporality only revealed statistically significant results with respect to the day of highest occurrence, being Sunday and Monday the most frequent with 17% respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It was possible to establish the sociodemographic characteristics with the highest incidence of suicide, it was shown that having lower educational level increases the prevalence of suicide, the lack of support network explained the tendency of singles to commit the act, the most used causal mechanism was asphyxia followed by injuries by projectile from a firearm and poisoning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55109080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proficiency of 38 HID-INDELS in kinship analysis and forensic parameters in a Mexican population 38名HID-INDELS在墨西哥人群亲属关系分析和法医参数方面的熟练程度

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.11.001

J.A. Aguilar-Velázquez , E. Rojas-Prado , G. Martínez-Cortés , A.F. Favela-Mendoza , A. González-Martin , H. Rangel-Villalobos

{"title":"Proficiency of 38 HID-INDELS in kinship analysis and forensic parameters in a Mexican population","authors":"J.A. Aguilar-Velázquez , E. Rojas-Prado , G. Martínez-Cortés , A.F. Favela-Mendoza , A. González-Martin , H. Rangel-Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reml.2021.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Insertion–deletions for human identification (HID-INDELs) allow solving peculiar forensic situations when autosomal STRs are insufficient. Although limitations were predicted since the forensic implementation of biallelic markers, formal evaluation of these restrictions is scarce. Particularly, to define the informativity provided by HID-INDELs in kinship analysis is useful to avoid wasting work, resources, and –finally– disappointments.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>For this reason, we analyzed the 38-plex HID-INDEL system in 25 Mexican families including father, daughter, and mother, whose kinship was previously established with 22 autosomal STRs.</p></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><p>From genotypes of unrelated individuals, we updated allele frequencies and forensic parameters of the Jalisco state (West, Mexico), by increasing the population sample size from 62 to 112. Among the forensic <em>a priori</em> parameters, the Typical paternity index (PI) of the 38plex HID-INDEL system showed important differences regarding the PI and probability of paternity (W) estimated herein from real paternity cases, generally undervaluing the observed informativity of these 38-plex HID-INDEL system. Conversely, the studied HID-INDEL loci offered confident kinship conclusions based on the paternity index (PI ≥10,000) and probability of paternity (W ≥ 99.99%) in 68% of the standard trio cases (18/25), and only 12% of duo paternity cases (6/50) (motherless and fatherless). In fact, 14% of duo paternity cases (7/50) did not reach minimum requirements to stablish paternity (IP < 100; W < 99%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We updated a Mexican population database for 38 HID-INDEL loci, and we described their proficiency from real paternity cases, detailing some limitations non-previously specified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 66-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92223540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factores de riesgo del suicidio consumado en los jóvenes y los adultos de mediana edad: estudio poblacional forense 青少年和中年成年人完成自杀的危险因素:法医人群研究

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.003

Mikel Aiartzaguena , Benito Morentin

{"title":"Factores de riesgo del suicidio consumado en los jóvenes y los adultos de mediana edad: estudio poblacional forense","authors":"Mikel Aiartzaguena , Benito Morentin","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2021.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Suicide is a major public health problem. The objective of this study is to analyze the demographic, clinical and toxicological characteristics and the mechanisms of suicide in young people and middle-aged adults.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Retrospective population study of completed suicide in subjects aged 14-55 who were subjected to a forensic autopsy in Bizkaia between 2016-2018.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>272 suicides were recorded. The global incidence was 7.8/100.00 inhabitants/year. 127 were 14-55 years old. The rate was 3 times higher in men and increased with age. In 72%, some clinical risk factor was collected, mainly mental disorders (59%): mood disorders (23%), substance abuse (20.5%) and psychotic disorders (14%). 38% of addicts had another mental disorder. Physical illness (23%) and suicide attempt (20.5%) were also relevant factors. 41% were positive for alcohol and/or illicit drugs: ethanol (22%), cannabis (16%), cocaine (11%) and amphetamine (8%). This percentage was 79% in substance addicts. Substance abuse disorders (25% vs. 6.5%; p = 0.03) and presence of alcohol and/or drugs (49% vs. 16%; p = 0.001) were more prevalent in men. The most commonly used methods were fall from heights (35%) and hanging (31%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The incidence of suicide in Bizkaia is lower than the European average. Suicide is a complex problem associated with demographic and clinical factors (mainly depressive and substance abuse disorders) and recent use of alcohol and illicit drugs. Prospective multidisciplinary and multicenter researches are required in order to identify risk factors and to guide preventive measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"48 2","pages":"Pages 53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49265193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

El nuevo Protocolo de actuación ante la violencia sexual del Consejo Médico Forense 法医委员会关于性暴力的新行动议定书

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2022.01.005

Jorge González Fernández , Rafael Bañón González , María del Mar Pastor Bravo

引用次数: 0

El llamado síndrome de alienación parental y sus derivaciones 所谓的父母疏远综合症及其后果

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2021.06.001

Juan Gabriel de la Cruz , Julio Antonio Guija , María del Mar Pastor Bravo

引用次数: 0