Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal最新文献

Aneurisma coronario gigante. Una entidad rara y un hallazgo inusual en la práctica forense. A propósito de un caso 巨大冠状动脉瘤。法医实践中的罕见病例和不寻常发现。病例报告

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.04.002

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Guía práctica para la investigación multidisciplinar de las muertes durante la práctica de buceo 潜水死亡多学科调查实用指南

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2023.12.001

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Inteligencia artificial en las ciencias forenses: el futuro ya está aquí 法医学中的人工智能：未来已来

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.07.001

Carles Martin-Fumadó , Eneko Barbería-Marcalain , Josep Arimany-Manso

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Relevant mental health issues in the Spanish Law 4/2023 about people with sexual diversity 西班牙第 4/2023 号法律中关于性取向多样性人群的相关心理健康问题

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2023.10.003

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Obstetricia y ginecología: análisis sobre la mala praxis en el sistema sanitario público español 妇产科：对西班牙公共卫生系统渎职行为的分析

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.07.002

Mónica Hernández Herrero , Jorge Tomillo Urbina

{"title":"Obstetricia y ginecología: análisis sobre la mala praxis en el sistema sanitario público español","authors":"Mónica Hernández Herrero , Jorge Tomillo Urbina","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Obstetrics and gynecology is one of the specialties most involved in malpractice claims. However, there are few studies that provide scientific information on this topic. The aim was to analyze the characteristics of medical liability rulings in Spain in public health care in the speciality of obstetrics and gynecology.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional observational study that analyzed the rulings handed down in the contentious-administrative jurisdiction by the Superior Courts of Justice (2008–2020), in the speciality of obstetrics and gynecology. The variables were administrative, clinical, judicial and compensatory.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We analyzed 1,015 rulings, of which 142 (13.99%) related to the speciality of obstetrics and gynecology. A total of 67.61% of the rulings were dismissed at first instance and 89.28% at second instance. The most frequent reasons for an upheld ruling were diagnostic and/or therapeutic malpractice (40.90%), lack of information (20.45%) and loss of opportunity (18.18%). The most frequently claimed damage was sequelae (66.14%). The median award was 53,758.50 euros (2,000-800,000).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The high frequency of claims in obstetrics and gynecology indicates that these are “high risk” specialties for litigation. The vast majority of judgments are dismissed, <em>i.e.</em> in favor of the administration. The analysis of these results helps to structure the role of lawsuits and to increase professionals' knowledge of the medico-legal aspect of health care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 3","pages":"Pages 92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dispersión espacial de larvas postalimentarias de moscas de importancia forense: implicaciones para la investigación médico-legal 具有法医重要性的食后蝇幼虫的空间散布：对医学法律研究的影响

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.002

{"title":"Dispersión espacial de larvas postalimentarias de moscas de importancia forense: implicaciones para la investigación médico-legal","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Calliphoridae flies allow estimating the post-mortem interval, as they are the first to arrive at a decomposing body. Its larvae feed on the carcass and then move away to pupate (post-feeding dispersal). Since the environment alters the physiology and behavior of insects, the dispersal of larvae and the final location of pupae could be related to the place where the carcass is deposited. The aim of this work was to study the dispersal of post-feeding larvae in relation to environmental variables in northern Patagonia.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The distribution of pupae in response to different illumination, temperature and soil inclination conditions was evaluated. A circular box divided into quadrants was used for each treatment and a control. Post-feeding larvae were placed in the center of each box, allowing them to disperse until they pupate. Differences in the number of pupae collected in each quadrant were evaluated by X<sup>2</sup> tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>According to the control, the dispersion of post-feeding larvae occurs randomly (p = 0.098). Regarding temperature, the larvae eluded the heat source (p < 0.01). The inclination treatments showed that larvae avoided the raised surface (p < 0.01). Concerning illumination conditions, no trend was observed (p = 0.41).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Knowing the dispersal patterns of larvae, considering environmental variables, reduces search times and let infers the sectors with the highest probability of finding pupae. In this way, it is likely to estimate a more precise post-mortem interval in the framework of medico-legal investigations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 3","pages":"Pages 107-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135434628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coloración visceral post mortem debido al azul de metileno 死后亚甲蓝导致的内脏染色

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.04.003

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Funciones discriminantes para determinar el sexo en restos óseos humanos modernos de la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina) 门多萨省（阿根廷）现代人骨骼遗骸性别鉴定的判别功能。

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2024.04.001

{"title":"Funciones discriminantes para determinar el sexo en restos óseos humanos modernos de la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Human bone remains from forensic contexts can present different degrees of complexity due to the action of postmortem processes that can alter the state of the corpse. In these cases, osteometric methods to determine sex are very useful. This work aims to adjust 8 discriminant functions previously developed by Mansegosa et al. 2018, to determine sex in long bones with applicability in modern populations of central-western Argentina.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>8 discriminant functions for long bones were adjusted by surveying 8 variables in the clavicle, humerus, ulna, radius, femur and tibia in 103 adult individuals (42 females and 61 males) belonging to the Osteoteca de Mendoza para la Investigación Científica y Forense (Mendoza, Argentina). A cross-validation test was carried out and then the formulas were applied to a sample of 12 individuals with known sex corresponding to real forensic cases worked on by the Anthropology Laboratory of the Cuerpo Médico y Criminalístico de Mendoza.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 8 discriminant functions, three reached acceptable values (>80%) in both sexes, which correspond to the humerus, radius and clavicle. Cross-validation yielded overall percentages ranging from 72.3 to 87.5%. The sample from forensic contexts could be completely sexed with an efficiency of 91.7%. The generated model constitutes a first step in the generation of methodology to strengthen forensic anthropological research in Argentina.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 3","pages":"Pages 100-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141055026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estudio de la diferencia entre la valoración del daño corporal por las entidades aseguradoras y por las pericias extrajudiciales en Valladolid durante los años 2021 y 2022. Presentación de una metodología de comparación 研究 2021 年和 2022 年保险公司和巴利亚多利德庭外专家对身体伤害估价的差异。提出比较方法

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2023.11.001

Carmen Domínguez González, José Domingo Sánchez Pérez

{"title":"Estudio de la diferencia entre la valoración del daño corporal por las entidades aseguradoras y por las pericias extrajudiciales en Valladolid durante los años 2021 y 2022. Presentación de una metodología de comparación","authors":"Carmen Domínguez González, José Domingo Sánchez Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>After the approval of Law 35/2015, the insurer is obliged to submit a motivated offer in cases of traffic accidents and the possibility of requesting an extrajudicial expert advice from the Institutes of Legal Medicine in case of disagreement with the previous one.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this paper is to describe the differences between the motivated offers of insurers and the forensic reports of the 409 extrajudicial expert advice requested to the Institute of Legal Medicine in Valladolid from 2021-2022 and to propose a methodology for comparing.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>All extrajudicial expert advice data from 2021-2022 was obtained, analyzing the days of personal injury and sequelae and translating them into compensation variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Forensic reports are more favorable for traffic injuries in about 81% of cases, granting on average an amount of almost € 1,400 more. This difference is mainly due to a greater consideration of sequelae, as well as a higher proportion of days of moderate particular damage in the forensic report. However, this difference is more or less accentuated, depending on the company that makes the motivated offer.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Translating the data from the forensic reports and motivated offers to compensation variables, allows us to make a comparison of the differences between both reports, observing that the forensic reports are more favorable than those issued by the insurers, at least in the province studied, and more studies are needed to have a more complete view.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 2","pages":"Pages 47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluación pericial psicológico-forense del trastorno por estrés postraumático complejo en víctimas de violencia de género 法医心理专家对家庭暴力受害者复杂创伤后应激障碍的评估

Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.001

Laura Fátima Asensi Pérez , Elena Flores Fernández , Kora Nevado Duarte

{"title":"Evaluación pericial psicológico-forense del trastorno por estrés postraumático complejo en víctimas de violencia de género","authors":"Laura Fátima Asensi Pérez , Elena Flores Fernández , Kora Nevado Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the inclusion of the Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD) in the International Classification of Diseases 11th edition, this article analyses the C-PTSD as a possible new diagnosis in women victims of gender-based violence to explain a wide range of symptoms resulting from interpersonal, persistent, continuous, severe and uncontrollable traumas that may occur in this context. Thus, it describes the psychological impact and the psychopathological consequences it produces on the victims, which are most serious when the violence suffered has occurred repeatedly and over time. In addition, it delves into the differential diagnosis of C-PTSD with other psychopathologies. Finally, a protocol for forensic psychological assessment is proposed based on C-PTSD as a clinical disorder, which explains the serious psychological impact on the evaluation of women victims of gender-based violence, considering this disorder as an alternative diagnostic hypothesis in the forensic psychological assessment of the psychological injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 2","pages":"Pages 76-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377473223000263/pdfft?md5=5243cf8c167772f904bce7d51edd4ff2&pid=1-s2.0-S0377473223000263-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0