Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal最新文献

{"title":"Muertes en prisión: hallazgos toxicológicos en los casos analizados en el Instituto Nacional de Toxicología y Ciencias Forenses (Madrid) en el período 2021–2023","authors":"Carlos García Caballero,&nbsp;María Antonia Martínez González","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>a 39,5% of violent deaths occurred in Spanish prisons, were drugs related deaths.</div><div>In this study we assess the role of abuse drugs and prescribed psychoactive drugs in a cohort of prison's deaths cases along three years.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>a cohort of 40 cases were received during the period 2021–2023. Each of them was classified following several parameters: sex, age, pathologies, pharmacological treatment, reported cause of death and toxicological analysis (analyzed samples and detected substances following analytical routine).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>An 82,5% of cases submitted (<em>n</em> = 33) were classified as violent deaths: suicide by hanging (39.4%; <em>n</em> = 13) and drug related deaths (60.6%; <em>n</em> = 20). Victim's profile was a man with a mean age of 39.5 years old, who suffered a mental disease and had prescribed a medical treatment mainly with psychoactive drugs.</div><div>In cases of suicide by hanging, toxicological analysis revealed psychoactive drugs consumption, such as bezodiazepines and GABAergic drugs. On the other hand, in drug related deaths cases, poly-drug consumption involving abuse drugs and prescribed drugs, was prevalent.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The whole of violent deaths cases showed a positive toxicologycal result. In regard oh these results, we should highlight the absence of alcohol, and the polyconsumption of prescribed and not prescribed psychoactive drugs involving abuse drugs in those cases where polydrug intoxication was reported as cause of death. Abuse drugs detected corresponded with consumption pattern in Spanish society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informatividad a posteriori en casos de paternidad estándar con el kit Investigator Argus X-12 y hallazgos mutacionales","authors":"Eduardo Rojas-Prado,&nbsp;Irán Cortés-Trujillo,&nbsp;Mayra E. García-Aceves,&nbsp;Mariana Chávez-Arreguín,&nbsp;Karina González-Becerra,&nbsp;Alma F. Favela-Mendoza,&nbsp;Héctor Rangel-Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Investigator Argus X-12 kit is a valuable complementary tool for human identification purposes, especially for solving complex kinship cases. The analysis of these cases generates valuable information in routine forensic work, such as <em>a posteriori</em> informativeness (LR: likelihood ratio) and mutation rates.</div></div><div><h3>Objetive</h3><div>To analyze the LR offered by the Argus X-12 QS kit in 74 Mexican families, including the father, mother, and daughter(s), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Exact LRs were estimated with the FamlinkX software in the families as paternity trio cases (<em>n</em> <!-->= 74; average 8.E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->14) and duo cases (<em>n</em> <!-->= 148; average 6.1E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->11), omitting the mother and father, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The LR of the trios (<em>a posteriori</em>) was significantly higher than the <em>(</em><em>a priori)</em> parameter IP typical (3.98E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->04). As reference, we report the LR of complex kinship cases solved with X-STRs: maternal half-sisters (LR<!--> <!-->= 111), paternal half-sisters (LR<!--> <!-->= 5567), paternal half-sisters with their mothers (LR<!--> <!-->= 6.0E<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->07, and paternal grandmother-granddaughter (LR<!--> <!-->= 15,864). Nine mutations were detected in 161 meiosis. The mutation rate was estimated in seven X-STRs, which was 0,0062 (1/161) for DXS10148, DXS10135, DXS8378, DXS10146, and DXS7423, and 0,0124 (2/161) for DXS10074 and DXS10101. These findings will be useful in future meta-analyses to achieve more conclusive estimates. A null allele in DXS10148 was inferred between a mother and daughter, supported by the low probability that the finding is explained by an 8-step mutation (26.1<!--> <!-->→<!--> <!-->18), and the low frequency of the 26.1 homozygote.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The <em>a posteriori</em> informativeness of Argus X-12 in paternity and kinship cases described herein, justify the inclusion of the X-STRs in forensic genetics labs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tentativa de suicidio por policía: a propósito de un caso","authors":"Francisco J. Pera ,&nbsp;Rosa M. Marote ,&nbsp;Teresa Elegido ,&nbsp;Irene L. Álvarez ,&nbsp;Julia Benéitez","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Throughout their professional life, forensic doctors and psychiatric specialists are often confronted with suicide, whether attempted or completed. However, the type of suicide mechanism that we describe in this article (suicide attempt by police officer) is highly infrequent in our environment, although not in other cultures. So much so that, with more than one hundred years of professional practice between all the authors, this is the first time that we have been confronted with this suicide mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intoxicación por metanol: necrosis del caudado y putamen","authors":"Jennifer Cárdenas Romero ,&nbsp;Sandra Patricia Díaz Pardo ,&nbsp;Arbey Hernán Medina Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"51 1","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opciones profesionales para especialistas en medicina legal y forense: un enfoque multidisciplinar","authors":"Josep Arimany-Manso ,&nbsp;María Dolores Pérez-Cárceles ,&nbsp;Marta Grijalba-Mazo ,&nbsp;Amadeo Pujol-Robinat","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article we analyse the future job opportunities for the speciality of Legal and Forensic Medicine. With the integration of the speciality into the MIR training system and with a new teaching programme, the aim is for the new specialist in legal and forensic medicine to have a high level of training and to prepare highly qualified doctors to work in the field of the speciality of legal and forensic medicine. The main objective of this training is that the specialists acquire knowledge and skills to investigate and evaluate from a medical-scientific point of view the cases related to justice, such as injuries, medico-legal investigation of death, causes of death, crimes against sexual freedom and forensic psychiatry, among others. Furthermore, the specialists can integrate into the university world, making academic career (university professors), in addition to integration in other areas as described in the article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 167-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La etapa más reciente de la Revista Española de Medicina Legal","authors":"Amadeo Pujol-Robinat ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Pera-Bajo ,&nbsp;Josep Arimany-Manso","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 138-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organización de la medicina legal y forense en España","authors":"Marta Grijalba ,&nbsp;Eneko Barbería ,&nbsp;José M. Montero ,&nbsp;Rafael Bañón ,&nbsp;Mar Pastor ,&nbsp;Rosa Ana Marcos ,&nbsp;Andrés Santiago-Sáez","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The organization of Legal and Forensic Medicine in Spain has undergone important structural and functional changes. Social, legislative and technological progress has determined an evolution in the form of access, scope of action, organizational dependence, functions, specialization, provision of resources, extrajudicial activities and relations with other institutions. The figure of the forensic doctor attached to a court, isolated, polyvalent, with no teaching or research activity is now a thing of the past. The figure of the Institutes already provided for in Organic Law 6/1985 of 1 July 1985 on the Judiciary promoted unity of action, teamwork, specialization and training, teaching and research. The enactment of Royal Decree 144/2023, of 28 February, approving the Regulations of the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences has allowed these technical bodies to adapt to the process of modernisation of justice and to the necessary social and health projection of forensic sciences. We must look to the future and adapt the organizational structure, the functioning of the institutes and the regulations for their creation and entry into operation to the new changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 155-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revista Española de Medicina Legal: análisis bibliométrico en Scopus del periodo 2008–2024","authors":"Eneko Barbería ,&nbsp;Alexandre Xifró ,&nbsp;Carles Martin-Fumadó ,&nbsp;Cèlia Rudilla-Soler","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the coverage and main bibliometric indicators of Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine (SJLM) in the Scopus database.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified the evolution of the journal's production between 2008–2024 and the citation and impact indicators (number of citations, CiteScore, Scimago Journal Rank-SJR, quartile, h-index, most cited and read papers).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>515 papers were included in Scopus (27.1 annual average) with an h-index of 15 and a self-citation rate of 21.5% for the period studied. The number of citations received in Scopus was 1,510, reaching the peak of citations in 2022. In the category <em>Pathology and Forensic Medicine</em>, for the year 2023, SJLM obtained an h-index of 13, with an SJR of 0.217 corresponding to the third quartile. In 2023 the percentage of female authors was 53.85%. The most productive institutions were the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Catalonia and the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences. The article with the best metrics was the one related to gender violence and confinement due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic published in 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A positive evolution of SJLM metrics is observed during the period studied. The improvement of the journal's indicators would benefit from its indexing in other international databases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 141-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrando el 50 aniversario de Revista Española de Medicina Legal","authors":"Clara Ortega","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 135-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consejos prácticos para escribir un artículo científico","authors":"Erik Cobo,&nbsp;José Antonio González","doi":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reml.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The text explores the importance of scientific publishing in the medical field and the dual role of the author/reviewer. The reviewer's work is crucial, as their objective is to assist other authors in improving their manuscripts and ensuring that methods are reproducible, which allows for the validation of results in future studies. In the interest of greater transparency, we emphasize the role of publication guidelines, such as CONSORT, which promote rigorous and reproducible research. There is substantial evidence demonstrating that adherence to these guidelines can enhance the quality of articles. Finally, researchers are encouraged to contribute honestly to the advancement of knowledge and best clinical practices, with the hope that their findings will translate into public health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35705,"journal":{"name":"Revista Espanola de Medicina Legal","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 164-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}