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[Conceptual approaches to defining the one-pointedness of forensic expert institutions as a factor determining the effectiveness of their interaction]. [界定法医专家机构的单点性作为决定其互动有效性因素的概念方法]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246702132
V Yu Vladimirov, A V Kovalev, G Kh Romanenko
{"title":"[Conceptual approaches to defining the one-pointedness of forensic expert institutions as a factor determining the effectiveness of their interaction].","authors":"V Yu Vladimirov, A V Kovalev, G Kh Romanenko","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246702132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246702132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>The objective of the study: </strong>Is to identify the effectiveness of cooperation between forensic expert institutions on the basis of approaches to determining their one-pointedness. Legislative and regulatory legal acts regulating forensic expert activity have been studied. Methods of synthesis, analysis and comparison have been used for their processing. The comparison of the carrying out of targeted diversified studies has been conducted. The article substantiates a necessity of uniform approaches to determination of one-pointedness of forensic expert institutions in order to increase the effectiveness of interdepartmental interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 2","pages":"32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Interdepartmental communication training for forensic medical experts]. [法医专家部门间交流培训]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246702157
I A Krutiy, V Yu Vladimirov, G Kh Romanenko
{"title":"[Interdepartmental communication training for forensic medical experts].","authors":"I A Krutiy, V Yu Vladimirov, G Kh Romanenko","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246702157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246702157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>The objective of the study: </strong>Is to identify the main communication problems encountered by forensic medical experts and specialists during the interdepartmental interaction, and to develop proposals to overcome them. A comprehensive approach was used to achieve the aim of the research, including the carrying out of a qualitative focus group interview of forensic medical experts and resident doctors. The main communicative problems have been determined and proposals for their elimination have been formulated, the types of communication trainings on interdepartmental interaction have been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 2","pages":"57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Main mechanisms of secondary ischemic brain damage formation in case of craniocerebral injury]. [颅脑损伤时继发性缺血性脑损伤形成的主要机制]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246703154
V E Ulyankin, P A Machinsky, V G Vorobiev, I S Edelev, N S Edelev
{"title":"[Main mechanisms of secondary ischemic brain damage formation in case of craniocerebral injury].","authors":"V E Ulyankin, P A Machinsky, V G Vorobiev, I S Edelev, N S Edelev","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246703154","DOIUrl":"10.17116/sudmed20246703154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematize the mechanisms of formation and morphology of secondary ischemic brain damage, formed in the case of craniocerebral injury.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A literature review devoted to the study of formation mechanisms of secondary ischemic brain damage in craniocerebral injury was conducted. The secondary sequential and secondary long-term ischemic brain damage in the posttraumatic period, as well as intracranial and extracranial factors that contribute to their occurrence and progression, were considered.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>Analysis of the literature has shown that primary lesions occurring at the time of head injury must be differentiated from sequential and long-term secondary ischemic changes in different brain structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 3","pages":"54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Establishing the species belonging of fragments and particles of striated muscle tissue by total IgG using quantitative solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]. [采用定量固相酶联免疫吸附法测定总IgG，确定横纹肌组织片段和颗粒所属种类]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246706121
A A Gusarov, V L Sidorov, O D Yagmurov, N E Surikova
{"title":"[Establishing the species belonging of fragments and particles of striated muscle tissue by total IgG using quantitative solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay].","authors":"A A Gusarov, V L Sidorov, O D Yagmurov, N E Surikova","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246706121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246706121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Improving the way to establish the species belonging of muscle tissue fragments and particles using the quantitative solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We studied human muscle tissue fragments and particles (sampled 2-4 weeks before) and also dried extracts from the blood of certain animals, such as dogs, birds, pigs, and cats. The samples were studied using quantitative enzyme immunoassay with the domestic kit «IgG-total-ELISA-HEMA».</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study confirmed the method's sensitivity and specificity. We determined the optical density and concentration total IgG indicative values and selected the optimal values of the minimum and maximum calibration samples: 0.076±0.014-2.623±0.351.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Experts from forensic biological units can use the obtained data when establishing the species belonging of muscle tissue particles using a quantitative solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 6","pages":"21-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Theory of formation of the postmortem muscle contraction ridge during mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscles]. [在机械刺激骨骼肌时死后肌肉收缩脊形成的理论]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246706117
E V Tumanov, E M Kildyushov, D N Uslontsev
{"title":"[Theory of formation of the postmortem muscle contraction ridge during mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscles].","authors":"E V Tumanov, E M Kildyushov, D N Uslontsev","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246706117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246706117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to develop a theory of the formation of the postmortem muscle contraction ridge with mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscles. We determined the distribution of stress arising in the muscle as a result of a local impact. No muscle contraction ridge developed in the series of 10 experiments, where Gd<sup>3+</sup> was impregnated into muscle tissue using electrophoresis before the test for idiomuscular contracture. The authors theorized that the muscle contraction ridge develops due to the activation of mechanosensitive channels. The terms «mechanically induced contracture» and «mechanosensory contracture» were proposed to determine the postmortem muscle contraction ridge resulting from mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscles since they more accurately reflect the essence of the phenomenon under consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 6","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Case of elongated styloid process detected in forensic medical examination of skeletal remains]. [骸骨法医鉴定中发现的伸长样式突病例]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246705151
O M Fandeeva, V L Popov, I V Gaivoronsky, A L Fandeev, G I Nichiporuk
{"title":"[Case of elongated styloid process detected in forensic medical examination of skeletal remains].","authors":"O M Fandeeva, V L Popov, I V Gaivoronsky, A L Fandeev, G I Nichiporuk","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246705151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246705151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are cases of skeletal developmental features that have high identification significance for the search of missing person in forensic medical practice of skeletal remains examination. The features of the skull's anatomical structure may indicate the presence of some clinical syndromes, for which a person could have sought medical attention in the lifetime. In the described case, elongated styloid appendages of the temporal bones were identified on the skull of an unknown person found within the territory of the Leningrad region, which could be a sign of the stylohyoid syndrome (Eagle syndrome). Various clinical picture could be observed depending on the size and degree of styloid processes. The objective of the forensic medical expert was to establish the probability of occurrence of the stylohyoid syndrome and its possible clinical signs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 5","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Modern opportunities of using computer programs and mobile devices in the frame of personality identification]. [在人格识别框架内使用计算机程序和移动设备的现代机遇]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246704127
O I Kosukhina, Yu P Kareva, S V Leonov, E N Leonova, K P Selyanina, Yu I Pigolkin
{"title":"[Modern opportunities of using computer programs and mobile devices in the frame of personality identification].","authors":"O I Kosukhina, Yu P Kareva, S V Leonov, E N Leonova, K P Selyanina, Yu I Pigolkin","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246704127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246704127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A technology of mobile devices on the basis of Android and iOS sharing, in which previously trained neural networks on the mobile device with the use of the Skull-face program place the reference points in automatic mode with subsequent analysis of the images and obtaining the result in less than 1 min, has been developed. Data processing and acquisition of results immediately at the scene of an accident can provide invaluable assistance in the mass admission of unidentified corpses in cases of emergency; will allow to rapidly, excluding the influence of subjective factor, solve expert tasks, improve the accuracy, effectiveness and performance of forensic personality identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 4","pages":"27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Educational trajectory of forensic medical expert in the system of continuous medical education]. [继续医学教育体系中法医专家的教育轨迹]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246702153
G Kh Romanenko, T I Avdiukhina
{"title":"[Educational trajectory of forensic medical expert in the system of continuous medical education].","authors":"G Kh Romanenko, T I Avdiukhina","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246702153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246702153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study is to determine the possibility and the right to choose the directions of self-education and self-development by forensic medical experts within the framework of personal and professional development program in the educational trajectory formation. The materials of special and encyclopaedic literature including pedagogical and sociological sciences, as well as legal framework regulating the processes of continuing medical education have been studied. The choice of educational trajectory of forensic physician depending on personal benchmarks, self-education building and participation in educational activities has been defined.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 2","pages":"53-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The study of the features of the determination and nature of the localization of 2-amino-4.6-dinitrophenol in the body of warm-blooded animals in case of lethal poisoning]. [研究致命中毒情况下 2-氨基-4.6-二硝基苯酚在温血动物体内定位的特征和性质]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246703139
V C Shormanov, N G Pogosyan, V A Omelchenko
{"title":"[The study of the features of the determination and nature of the localization of 2-amino-4.6-dinitrophenol in the body of warm-blooded animals in case of lethal poisoning].","authors":"V C Shormanov, N G Pogosyan, V A Omelchenko","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246703139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20246703139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the work is to study the nature of the distribution of 2-A-4.6-DNP in the organisms of warm-blooded animals with intragastric administration of a toxicant. The study was carried out using the methods of TLC, UV-Visible spectroscopy, and GC-MS using derivatives of 2-A-4.6-DNP. Male Wistar rats at the age of 4 months were considered as a model of the body of a warm-blooded animal. An oily suspension of 2-A-4.6-DNF was administered intragastrically in an amount of three times the LD<sub>50</sub>. Extraction of the target substance from the biomaterial was carried out by double infusion (30 minutes each) with a mixture of acetone-acetonitrile (1:1), the amount of the mixture exceeded the weight of the biomaterial by 2 times. Extractions were purified by TLC method using «Sorbfil» plates and acetone-chloroform (7: 3) mobile phase. Preliminary identification was carried out at the same time using a standard substance. Confirmatory identification was carried out by the absorption of dimethylformamide eluates in «SF-2000», as well as by the retention time and mass spectra of the major compound of the corresponding chromatographic peaks after GC-MS analysis. The quantitative content was determined spectrophotometrically, in DMF, by optical density at the analytical wavelength (490 nm). 2-Amino-4.6-dinitrophenol was found unchanged in the blood and in all the studied hollow and parenchymal organs of poisoned rats. The largest amount of 2-amino-4.6-dinitrophenol (mg/100 g) was found in the stomach walls (199.39±25.43) and stomach contents (143.14±22.63), a significant amount of the substance was found in the heart (33.49±3.66), skeletal muscles (30.70±2.64), as well as in the spleen (24.30±1.96).</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 3","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Vibrational spectroscopy use for forensic purposes combined with machine learning]. [将振动光谱法用于法医目的与机器学习相结合]。
Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246704169
R Alpuche, Yu I Pigolkin, S N Zakharov, I K Lednev
{"title":"[Vibrational spectroscopy use for forensic purposes combined with machine learning].","authors":"R Alpuche, Yu I Pigolkin, S N Zakharov, I K Lednev","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20246704169","DOIUrl":"10.17116/sudmed20246704169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vibrational spectroscopy combined with machine learning has a great potential for forensic research. Portable Raman spectrometers are already being used by law-enforcement agencies to identify drugs. Several new technologies based on vibrational spectroscopy, that can be used in forensic science to analyze documents, gunshot traces, cloths, soil, hair, nails and lacquer, are being developed nowadays. The article considers the use of vibrational spectroscopy in forensic practice for conducting serological studies with an emphasis on the development of a universal method of identifying the main secretions of the body. The method allows to determine the time elapsed since the trace was made, as well as the phenotypic profile of host, including sex, race and age.</p>","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"67 4","pages":"69-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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