Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa最新文献_第8页

[Features of dermatoglyphic signs of persons occupying the highest position in the criminal hierarchy]. [在犯罪等级中占据最高地位的人的皮肤纹特征]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256805125

A P Bozhchenko, R G Ardashev, N N Kitaev

{"title":"[Features of dermatoglyphic signs of persons occupying the highest position in the criminal hierarchy].","authors":"A P Bozhchenko, R G Ardashev, N N Kitaev","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20256805125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20256805125","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the difficulty of proving the composition of crimes related to occupying the highest position in the criminal hierarchy, a study was conducted aimed at searching for morphogenetic features of criminals in this category. Research material: fingerprint cards of 46 «thieves in law». Comparative material: fingerprint cards of 97 serial killers and 1.032 law-abiding citizens. The types of papillary patterns were recognized in the fingerprints. Based on the frequency analysis, numerous intergroup differences of dermatoglyphic signs were revealed (statistically significant at the level of p<0.05). The «thieves in law» are characterized by the presence of a transitional type of pattern, the relatively frequent occurrence of arc and curl types of patterns, left-sided asymmetry of pattern types on the fingers of the radial group, right-sided asymmetry on the fingers of the ulnar group, the minimum severity of the radial-ulnar gradient on the fingers of the right hand and its maximum severity on the fingers of the left hand. In total, 17 diagnostically significant signs were found for the differential diagnosis of «thieves in law» with law-abiding citizens and 11 more signs with serial killers. An integral assessment of the informativeness of a complex of diagnostically significant dermatoglyphic signs showed that on their basis, in 1/3 of cases, a probabilistic (p≈0.90) judgment about the group affiliation of the examined person is possible. The diagnostic results should be considered as the basis for a more complete and comprehensive (criminological, social, psychological, medical and biological) study of the identity of the person being checked (the criminal).","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"68 5","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Determination of formation age of acute traumatic intracranial subdural hematomas using computed tomography]. 急性外伤性颅内硬膜下血肿形成年龄的计算机断层扫描研究。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256801117

E V Egorova, E M Kildyushov, D V Burenchev, U N Tumanova

引用次数: 0

[Method of corpses' tissues impedance study]. [尸体组织阻抗研究方法]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256803115

O S Lavrukova, E L Kazakova

引用次数: 0

[Unusual supravital muscle reaction of the upper limbs caused by an attempt to obtain an idiomuscular tumor]. [试图获得特征性肌肉肿瘤引起的上肢上肌异常反应]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256803147

I N Ivanov, A Zbirovskaya

引用次数: 0

[The role of primary forensic data in the context of statistical reporting on suicidal mortality]. [初级法医数据在自杀死亡率统计报告中的作用]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256806115

E N Savenkova, A A Efimov, D G Levin, K A Raykova, G R Kolokolov

{"title":"[The role of primary forensic data in the context of statistical reporting on suicidal mortality].","authors":"E N Savenkova, A A Efimov, D G Levin, K A Raykova, G R Kolokolov","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20256806115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20256806115","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to determine the importance of primary forensic medical data in the formation of statistical reporting on suicidal mortality using the example of a comparative analysis of hangings encoded as suicides and as injuries with uncertain intentions.Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of the data on medical death certificates of victims of hangings in the Saratov region for the ten-year period from 2014 to 2023 was carried out.Results and conclusion: The established dynamics of the progressive increase in hangings encoded as injuries with uncertain intentions (IUI), the uniformity of samples of hangings-suicides and hangings-IUI with a doubtful probability of any other kind of death by hanging, except suicide, allow us to speak about the underestimation of the suicide rate. The reason for this can be considered the established procedure for registering the type of death in primary forensic medical documentation, according to which, in the absence of information about the type of death from law enforcement agencies, the expert is forced to classify these cases into a group of injuries with uncertain intentions, namely, this information is the basis for the formation of statistical reporting on suicidal mortality.","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"68 6","pages":"15-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Rare variant of the trajectory of pedestrian's body moving on the roof of passenger compartment as a result of collision]. [由于碰撞导致行人身体在乘客舱顶部移动的罕见轨迹]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256805121

I N Ivanov, I E Loban, G N Batyshev

引用次数: 0

[Features of visualization and interpretation of characteristics of firearms projectiles and damage to non-biological simulators of the human body during multispiral X-ray computed tomography with an extended Hounsfield scale]. [扩展Hounsfield尺度的多螺旋x射线计算机断层扫描过程中火器弹丸特征的可视化和解释特征以及对人体非生物模拟器的损伤]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256806120

A V Kovalev, I Yu Makarov, A V Mishchenko, E V Kondratyev, V B Stragis

{"title":"[Features of visualization and interpretation of characteristics of firearms projectiles and damage to non-biological simulators of the human body during multispiral X-ray computed tomography with an extended Hounsfield scale].","authors":"A V Kovalev, I Yu Makarov, A V Mishchenko, E V Kondratyev, V B Stragis","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20256806120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20256806120","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the features of visualization and interpretation of significant characteristics of gunshot projectiles and gunshot injuries to non-biological simulators of the human body when performing MSCT with an extended Hounsfield X-ray density scale.Material and methods: The physical, chemical, forensic and criminalistic characteristics of the firearm projectile and firearm injuries to non-biological imitators of the human body (blocks of sculptural plasticine) were studied. The shots were fired from a smooth-bore long-barreled 12-gauge IZH-58MA hunting rifle using cartridges with solid metal bullets made of lead alloy.Results and conclusion: The application of the Hounsfield densitometric scale expansion method demonstrated its high information content and allowed to reliably establish the physical and chemical characteristics of a firearm projectile, conduct differential diagnostics of metallic and non-metallic foreign deposits in the area of firearm injuries, and reduce and completely suppress metallic artifacts in the images of the objects under study. It was found that the shift of density windows towards increasing the values of densitometric characteristics in Hounsfield units (HU) led to the formation of image artifacts simulating a bullet shell that did not actually exist. In order to avoid gross expert errors, the identified patterns should be taken into account when establishing the design details of firearms projectiles, when a shell-less (all-metal) firearm projectile can be mistakenly interpreted as a shell-type.","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"68 6","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Analysis of dissertations on forensic medicine devoted to medical errors in cases of improper healthcare delivery over a 15-year period (2009-2023)]. [关于15年（2009-2023年）医疗服务不当案例中医疗差错的法医学论文分析]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256803157

O D Yagmurov, V A Koryakina, V A Fetisov

{"title":"[Analysis of dissertations on forensic medicine devoted to medical errors in cases of improper healthcare delivery over a 15-year period (2009-2023)].","authors":"O D Yagmurov, V A Koryakina, V A Fetisov","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20256803157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20256803157","url":null,"abstract":"Results of dissertational researches and scientific researches are traditionally referred to the main sources for improving the quality and level of forensic medical examinations.Objective: To analyze the results of dissertational researches, completed by degree candidates in the «Forensic Medicine» specialty over a 15-year period (2009-2023), devoted to the analysis of medical errors in cases of improper healthcare delivery.Material and methods: An analysis of 16 works (4 doctoral and 12 PhD dissertations), published on the official websites of medical universities and the Russian Center of Forensic Medical Expertise, was done. Sampling methods of bibliometric and scientometric analyses were used.Results: Over a 15-year period, all authors published 379 articles, of which 21 (5.5%) were published in the «Forensic Medical Expertise» journal, 27 (7.1%) - in the «Medical Expertise and Law» journal, the overwhelming majority of articles were published in various medical subject collections, materials of research and practice conferences, congresses, including in 49 peer-reviewed medical journals recommended by the State Commission for Academic Degrees and Titles of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.Conclusion: Expert panel evidences on the «medical» cases indicate the need to expand and further develop joint scientific studies in such clinical disciplines as: «obstetrics and gynecology», «anesthesiology and resuscitation», «pediatric surgery», «oncology», «neonatology», «cardiology», «dentistry», «maxillofacial surgery», etc.","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"68 3","pages":"57-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Evaluation of VEGF-A, SP-D and MUC-1 expression in poisoning with baclofen and its combination with ethanol]. [巴氯芬中毒及与乙醇联用后VEGF-A、SP-D和MUC-1表达的评价]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256802145

O L Romanova, M L Blagonravov, P G Dzhuvalyakov, V I Torshin, E Kh Barinov, E A Lukyanova, M A Kislov

引用次数: 0

[On the possibility of establishing postmortem interval of human by examining the electrical conductivity of the knee joints' synovial fluid]. [通过检查膝关节滑液的电导率来确定人死后时间间隔的可能性]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20256804121

A A Khalikov, A Yu Vavilov, V V Agzamov, A R Pozdeev, K O Kuznetsov

{"title":"[On the possibility of establishing postmortem interval of human by examining the electrical conductivity of the knee joints' synovial fluid].","authors":"A A Khalikov, A Yu Vavilov, V V Agzamov, A R Pozdeev, K O Kuznetsov","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20256804121","DOIUrl":"10.17116/sudmed20256804121","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the electrical conductivity of the knee joints' synovial fluid of human's corpse for assessment of the possibility of its application as criterion of forensic medical diagnosis of postmortem interval.Material and methods: The work was carried out on practical forensic medical material on the basis of the Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise in the Republic of Bashkortostan. During the study, 103 corpses of both sexes, different ages who died from various causes were investigated. Synovial fluid of the knee joints from corpses in a state of putrefactive biotransformation of varying degrees of severity was used as the study subject. Measurements of the electrical conductivity value were carried out by conductometry using a calibrated cuvette and AKIP-6109 RLC-meter.Results: It has been established during the study that low frequencies of electric current of 0.1 and 1 kHz are the most informative for achieving the work objective. Polynomials of the 2nd degree, establishing a relationship between the duration of the postmortem period and the synovial fluid's electrical conductivity value for each frequency of electric current with significance of approximation more than 0.95% at p<0.01, are developed, thar indicates the significance of the presented mathematical models.Conclusion: It is promising to carry out further research in this direction with obtainment of formulas applicable for the mathematical calculation of the human's postmortem interval.","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":"68 4","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0