Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa最新文献_第9页

[History of forensic medical examination service in Belarus in the Soviet period (1918-1991)]. [苏联时期（1918-1991 年）白俄罗斯法医检查服务的历史]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236606159

A M Tsiatsiuyeu, V K Kirvel, N I Slavina, V V Siamionau

{"title":"[History of forensic medical examination service in Belarus in the Soviet period (1918-1991)].","authors":"A M Tsiatsiuyeu, V K Kirvel, N I Slavina, V V Siamionau","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20236606159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20236606159","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a part of historical path (1918-1991) of forensic medical examination in the Republic of Belarus, the history of origin, formation and development of forensic medical service and the academical departments of forensic medicine in the BSSR. The creation date of the state forensic medical service on the territory of Belarus can be considered as 3 of July 1918 yr. Since then, the service has passed from the judicial and administrative subdivision of the department of public healthcare of Executive Committee of Vitebsk Council of Workers, Peasant and Red Army Deputies (1918), the department of forensic medicine of the PCH of the BSSR (1919), forensic medical department at the Central Chemical and Biological Station of the PCH of the BSSR (1921) to the Institute of Scientific and Forensic Examination of the BSSR (1929), Central Forensic Medical Laboratory of the PCH of the BSSR (1931) and Republican Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination under the Ministry of Healthcare of the BSSR (1952). The historical stages of the existence of the forensic medical service and its state organizations in the BSSR were following: 1) stage of origin (1918-1922); 2) stage of formation (1921-1941, 1946-1952); 3) stage of development (1952). The main forensic medical experts, who made a significant contribution to the origin, formation and development of forensic medical examination in the territory of Belarus were V.F. Chervakov (1930-1939), S.A. Prilutskiy (1939-1941, 1946-1960), V.K. Steshits (1961-1977) and S.S. Maksimov (from 1977).","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Measurement of benzodiazepine receptor agonists metabolites and their concentration in urine]. [苯二氮卓受体激动剂代谢物及其尿浓度的测定]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236601128

A A Volkova, R A Kalyokin, A M Orlova, O G Astashkina, A Z Pavlova

{"title":"[Measurement of benzodiazepine receptor agonists metabolites and their concentration in urine].","authors":"A A Volkova, R A Kalyokin, A M Orlova, O G Astashkina, A Z Pavlova","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20236601128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20236601128","url":null,"abstract":"The study objective was to detect and measure the ratio of metabolites of benzodiazepine receptor agonists in urine during forensic chemical and chemical and toxicological studies, as well as to characterize the main metabolites to use them to confirm the oral intake of the test substances. Data on the presence of metabolites in the urine will allow us to reliably confirm the intake of zaleplon, zopiclone, clobazam, and phenazepam and determine the routes of administration (intake) into the body of the victim. Benzodiazepine derivatives (clobazam and phenazepam) and non-benzodiazepines (zaleplon and zopiclone) have different chemical structures and similar mechanisms of action resulting in a similar clinical presentation of side effects and the need for forensic chemical study according to poisoning symptoms. Metabolites of benzodiazepine receptor agonists and their ratio in urine after oral administration were measured: zaleplon (parent compound), deethylzaleplon, 5-oxozaleplon, 5-oxodeethylzaleplon, oxozaleplon glucuronide; zopiclone (parent compound), zopiclone-N-oxide, N-desmethylzopiclone; clobazam (parent compound), N-desmethylclobazam, 4-hydroxyclobazam, hydroxydesmethylclobazam; phenazepam (parent compound) and 3-hydroxyphenazepam. It is advisable to determine zaleplon in urine by the presence of 5-oxaleplon (97% of the total amount of metabolites), zopiclone by zopiclone-N-oxide (86% in urine), clobazam by the parent compound (61% in urine), phenazepam by the parent compound (90-100% in urine).","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10592926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Forensic medical characteristic of prevalence and structure of sudden juveniles' death in Moscow Region and St. Petersburg]. [莫斯科州和圣彼得堡未成年人猝死流行率和结构的法医特征]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236604114

T V Maksimova, V I Solodovnikov, I Yu Makarov, O D Yagmurov, A N Prikhod'ko, Yu I Pigolkin

引用次数: 0

[Age determination by microstructural features of human cricoid cartilage]. [人环状软骨显微结构特征的年龄测定]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236604146

G V Zolotenkova, S V Shigeev, A N Gerasimov, G G Gulgeldiev, M P Poletaeva

引用次数: 0

[Improper informed consent of the patient: legal and expert assessment]. 【患者知情同意不当:法律与专家评估】。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236601159

M V Kratenko

引用次数: 0

[Forensic expert evaluation of adverse outcomes of health care delivery in criminal proceedings]. [法医专家评估刑事诉讼中提供医疗保健的不良后果]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236605162

A A Anisimov, V A Spiridonov, A S Tumanovskaya

引用次数: 0

[Development of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol examination methods to evaluate the features of its distribution in warm-blooded animals]. [开发 2,4,6-三硝基苯酚检测方法以评估其在温血动物体内的分布特征]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236606128

V K Shormanov, N G Pogosyan, V A Omelchenko

{"title":"[Development of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol examination methods to evaluate the features of its distribution in warm-blooded animals].","authors":"V K Shormanov, N G Pogosyan, V A Omelchenko","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20236606128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20236606128","url":null,"abstract":"The objective: Is to study a 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (2.4,6-TNP) distribution in warm-blooded animals using physical chemical analysis methods after intragastric injection of toxicant. The methods of thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotometry and high-efficient liquid chromatography were used in the study process. Four-months-old rats of the Wistar line (males) were considered as a model of warm-blooded organisms. The investigated substance in amount of three-times LD50 was intragastrically injected in the aqueous-suspension state. 2.4,6-TNP was isolated by a mixture of acetone-acetonitrile (1:1) in a double (by 0.5 of hour) infusing mode from the bioactive matrix of experimental animals, sustaining the mass ratio of isolated agent to bioactive matrix equaled to 2:1. Purification and preliminary identification of analyte were conducted on «Sorbfil» plates (mobile phase - acetone - chloroform (7:3)), confirming identification - by absorption in dimethylformamide medium and by retention time in column (64×2 mm) of «Separon C-18» sorbent during elution by acetonitrile-water (2:8) mixture. The evaluation of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol quantitative content by optical density of dimethylformamide solution of analyte at 379 nm was carried out. The analyte in unchanged form was found in blood, parenchymatous and hollow organs, their contents and blood of experimental animals. The highest content of 2.4,6-TNP (mg/100 gr) was revealed in gastric content (149.88±22.70), gastric tissue (97.89±4.86), blood (15.91±0.90) and muscles (10.87±1.91).","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Uncertainty estimate in calculation of ingested ethanol]. [摄入乙醇计算中的不确定性估计]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236606140

G V Nedugov

{"title":"[Uncertainty estimate in calculation of ingested ethanol].","authors":"G V Nedugov","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20236606140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20236606140","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To develop a method of uncertainty estimate in calculation of ingested ethanol by E. Widmark formula and its realization as a computer program.Material and methods: The methodological design of the study was an analytical construction of the equation of uncertainty estimates of the mass of ingested ethanol, obtained on the basis of E. Widmark kinetic model. Mathematical analysis operations were performed independently, as well as using WolframAlfa web application. The computer program code was compiled in the C# programming language using the free version of Microsoft Visual Studio application.Results: The equation of uncertainty estimate of the mass of ingested ethanol, obtained on the basis of E. Widmark kinetic equation, with standard deviation of the sought value as its measure has been derived. The Alcohol Calculator V 5.0 application was created in the C# programming language. This program implements a complex of computational procedures related to the use of developed uncertainty equation, and allows to determine the confidence error intervals for estimates of ingested ethanol for any probability of error.Conclusion: The obtained equation of uncertainty estimates of the mass of ingested ethanol and the computer application implementing it are recommended for forensic medical evaluation of the kinetics of orally administered ethanol.","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Determination of the corpse's stay in the water duration according to maceration degree of its skin]. [根据尸体皮肤浸渍程度确定尸体在水中停留的时间]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236603164

A Yu Vavilov, A A Khalikov, I A Rykunov, K O Kuznetsov, R H Sagidullin

{"title":"[Determination of the corpse's stay in the water duration according to maceration degree of its skin].","authors":"A Yu Vavilov, A A Khalikov, I A Rykunov, K O Kuznetsov, R H Sagidullin","doi":"10.17116/sudmed20236603164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/sudmed20236603164","url":null,"abstract":"A serious problem during the postmortem examination of a corpse extracted from the water can be a significant determination of its stay in the water duration. First of all, the signs indicating the presence of a corpse in the water include maceration, according to the severity of which forensic experts often determine how long the corpse stayed in the water. The aim of the study is to summarize the available literature data and propose ways to objectify the determination of a corpse's stay in water duration by the severity of skin maceration. In this article, based on the analysis of literature, the process of skin maceration is described, as well as the timing and speed of its development according to various authors. The presence of quite a large number of external and internal factors affecting the process of skin maceration and the subjectivity of its severity assessment is indicated. This article provides examples of the biophysical methods usage for the study of biological objects in forensic medical examination, allowing to objectively record changes in the researcher's parameter of interest. The use of skin impedancemetry to objectify the severity of skin maceration.","PeriodicalId":35704,"journal":{"name":"Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9833366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Dissection technique for organs of the neck in hanging]. [悬吊颈部脏器的解剖技术]。

Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertisa Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20236603152

Yu I Pigolkin, K A Zhandarov, D V Gornostaev, O D Yagmurov, D A Sheptulin

引用次数: 1