Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.最新文献

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Full chip leakage-estimation considering power supply and temperature variations 考虑电源和温度变化的全芯片泄漏估计
Haihua Su, Frank Liu, A. Devgan, E. Acar, S. Nassif
{"title":"Full chip leakage-estimation considering power supply and temperature variations","authors":"Haihua Su, Frank Liu, A. Devgan, E. Acar, S. Nassif","doi":"10.1145/871506.871529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871529","url":null,"abstract":"Leakage power is emerging as a key design challenge in current and future CMOS designs. Since leakage is critically dependent on operating temperature and power supply, we present a full chip leakage estimation technique which accurately accounts for power supply and temperature variations. State of the art techniques are used to compute the thermal and power supply profile of the entire chip. Closed-form models are presented which relate leakage to temperature and VDD variations. These models coupled with the thermal and VDD profile are used to generate an accurate full chip leakage estimation technique considering environmental variations. The results of this approach are demonstrated on large-scale industrial designs.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129438964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 247
A systems approach to molecular electronics 分子电子学的系统方法
J. Heath
{"title":"A systems approach to molecular electronics","authors":"J. Heath","doi":"10.1145/871506.871596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871596","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular electronics circuits based on crossbar architectures can be utilized for both logic and memory applications, but in order to realize such applications, many things must be simultaneously considered. These include the design of the molecule, the molecule electrode interface, electronically configurable and defect tolerant circuit architectures, methods for bridging the nanometer-scale densities of these circuits to the sub-micrometer densities achievable with lithography, etc. In this talk I will treat such circuits as a system, and discuss how all of these various properties are interrelated. I will also present experimental results of working random-access memory and configurable logic circuits, and FET-based multiplexers capable of bridging length scales.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129670238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electric-energy generation using variable-capacitive resonator for power-free LSI: efficiency analysis and fundamental experiment 无电大规模集成电路用变容谐振器发电效率分析及基础实验
M. Miyazaki, Hidetoshi Tanaka, G. Ono, T. Nagano, N. Ohkubo, T. Kawahara, K. Yano
{"title":"Electric-energy generation using variable-capacitive resonator for power-free LSI: efficiency analysis and fundamental experiment","authors":"M. Miyazaki, Hidetoshi Tanaka, G. Ono, T. Nagano, N. Ohkubo, T. Kawahara, K. Yano","doi":"10.1109/LPE.2003.1231861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPE.2003.1231861","url":null,"abstract":"A power generator based on a vibration-to-electric energy converter using a variable-resonating capacitor is experimentally demonstrated. The generator consists of a complete system with a mechanical variable capacitor, a charge-transporting LC tank circuit and an externally powered timing-capture controller. A practical design methodology to maximize the efficiency of the vibration-to-electric energy generation system is also described. The efficiency of the generator is estimated based on three factors: the mechanical-energy loss, the charge-transportation loss, and the timing-capture loss. Through the mechanical-energy analysis, the optimum condition for the resonance is found. The parasitic elements in the charge transporter and the timing management of the capture scheme dominate the generation efficiency. These analyses enable the optimum design of the energy-generation system. An experimentally fabricated and measured generator theoretically has a maximum power of 580 nW; the measured power is 120 nW, so conversion efficiency is 21%. This results from a 43% mechanical energy loss and a 63% charge-transportation loss. The timing-capture scheme is manually determined and externally powered in the experiment, so its efficiency is not considered. With our result, a new system LSI application with an embedded power source can be explored for the ubiquitous computing era.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121134509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 95
Exploiting compiler-generated schedules for energy savings in high-performance processors 利用编译器生成的调度来节省高性能处理器的能源
M. Valluri, L. John, H. Hanson
{"title":"Exploiting compiler-generated schedules for energy savings in high-performance processors","authors":"M. Valluri, L. John, H. Hanson","doi":"10.1145/871506.871608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871608","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops a technique that uniquely combines the advantages of static scheduling and dynamic scheduling to reduce the energy consumed in modern superscalar processors with out-of-order issue logic. In this Hybrid-Scheduling paradigm, regions of the application containing large amounts of parallelism visible at compile-time completely bypass the dynamic scheduling logic and execute in a low power static mode. Simulation studies using the Wattch framework on several media-arid scientific benchmarks demonstrate large improvements in overall energy consumption of 43% in kernels and 25% in full applications with only a 2.8% performance degradation on average.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116566909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Simultaneous Vt selection and assignment for leakage optimization 泄漏优化的同步Vt选择和分配
Ankur Srivastava
{"title":"Simultaneous Vt selection and assignment for leakage optimization","authors":"Ankur Srivastava","doi":"10.1145/871506.871543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871543","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel approach for leakage optimization through simultaneous V/sub t/ selection and assignment. V/sub t/ selection implies deciding the right value for V/sub t/ and assignment implies deciding which gates should be assigned which threshold value. The proposed algorithm is a general mathematical formulation that can be trivially extended to multiple threshold voltages (more than two). Traditional leakage optimization strategies either assume the prespecification of threshold values or are good only for two thresholds. The presented formulation is based on a linear programming approach under the piecewise linear approximation of delay/leakage vs threshold curves. The algorithm was incorporated in SIS. Experimental results indicate that on some benchmarks having more that two thresholds was beneficial for leakage.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115835999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
Energy-efficient data scrambling on memory-processor interfaces 内存处理器接口上的高能效数据置乱
L. Benini, A. Galati, A. Macii, E. Macii, M. Poncino
{"title":"Energy-efficient data scrambling on memory-processor interfaces","authors":"L. Benini, A. Galati, A. Macii, E. Macii, M. Poncino","doi":"10.1145/871506.871517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871517","url":null,"abstract":"Crypto-processors are prone to security attacks based on the observation of their power consumption profile. We propose new techniques for increasing the non-determinism of such a profile, which rely on the idea of introducing randomness in the bus data transfers. This is achieved by combining data scrambling with energy-efficient bus encoding, thus providing high information protection at no energy cost. Results on a set of bus traces originated by real-life applications demonstrate the applicability of the proposed solution.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126192592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Power-aware scheduling of conditional task graphs in real-time multiprocessor systems 实时多处理器系统中条件任务图的功率感知调度
Dongkun Shin, Jihong Kim
{"title":"Power-aware scheduling of conditional task graphs in real-time multiprocessor systems","authors":"Dongkun Shin, Jihong Kim","doi":"10.1145/871506.871607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871607","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a novel power-aware task scheduling algorithm for DVS-enabled real-time multiprocessor systems. Unlike the existing algorithms, the proposed DVS algorithm can handle conditional task graphs (CTGs) which model more complex precedence constraints. We first propose a condition-unaware task scheduling algorithm integrating the task ordering algorithm for CTGs and the task stretching algorithm for unconditional task graphs. We then describe a condition-aware task scheduling algorithm which assigns to each task the start time and the clock speed, taking account of the condition matching and task execution profiles. Experimental results show that the proposed condition-aware task scheduling algorithm can reduce the energy consumption by 50% on average over the non-DVS task scheduling algorithm.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127323417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 78
Microprocessor pipeline energy analysis 微处理器管道能量分析
Karthikeyan Natarajan, H. Hanson, S. Keckler, C. R. Moore, D. Burger
{"title":"Microprocessor pipeline energy analysis","authors":"Karthikeyan Natarajan, H. Hanson, S. Keckler, C. R. Moore, D. Burger","doi":"10.1145/871506.871577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871577","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in high-performance microprocessor power consumption is due in part to the large power overhead of wide-issue, highly speculative cores. Microarchitectural speculation, such as branch prediction, increases instruction throughput but carries a power burden due to wasted power for mis-speculated instructions. Pipeline over-provisioning supplies excess resources which often go unused. In this paper, we use our detailed performance and power model for an Alpha 21264 to measure both the useful energy and the wasted effort due to mis-speculation and over-provisioning. Our experiments show that flushed instructions account for approximately 6% of total energy, while over-provisioning imposes a tax of 17% on average. These results suggest opportunities for power savings and energy efficiency throughout microprocessor pipelines.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"305 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123624723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Low power requirements for future digital life style 未来数字生活方式的低功耗要求
Ki Won Lee
{"title":"Low power requirements for future digital life style","authors":"Ki Won Lee","doi":"10.1145/871506.871508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871508","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid advancement of semiconductor, personal computing, and mobile communications technology during the last few decades has been transforming lifestyle into \"digital lifestyle\", in which one can create, share, and enjoy multimedia information in a personalized virtual space in a mobile environment. There are, in general, three key enabling factors to realize the future digital lifestyle: easily accessible multimedia contents for diversified user applications, communication and information infrastructure to support such access from the user, and intelligent user devices to deliver such digital contents in a user friendly manner. In this talk, future prospects of user devices in consumer electronics space and associated technological challenges, especially low power aspects, are discussed. A brief overview of the current status of low power technology employed by many portable devices and wireless data collection systems is followed by the suggestion of future research areas for low power user devices in the areas of portable power sources, components, software architecture, and SOC (system-on-chip) technology. Finally, Samsung's R&D strategy in low power technology is discussed.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"88 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128302583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Minimization of dynamic and static power through joint assignment of threshold voltages and sizing optimization [logic IC design] 通过阈值电压分配和尺寸优化实现动态和静态功率的最小化[逻辑IC设计]
David Nguyen, A. Davare, M. Orshansky, D. Chinnery, B. Thompson, K. Keutzer
{"title":"Minimization of dynamic and static power through joint assignment of threshold voltages and sizing optimization [logic IC design]","authors":"David Nguyen, A. Davare, M. Orshansky, D. Chinnery, B. Thompson, K. Keutzer","doi":"10.1145/871506.871545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/871506.871545","url":null,"abstract":"We describe an optimization strategy for minimizing total power consumption using dual threshold voltage (Vth) technology. Significant power savings are possible by simultaneous assignment of Vth with gate sizing. We propose an efficient algorithm based on linear programming that jointly performs Vth assignment and gate sizing to minimize total power under delay constraints. First, linear programming assigns the optimal amounts of slack to gates based on power-delay sensitivity. Then, an optimal gate configuration, in terms of Vth and transistor sizes, is selected by an exhaustive local search. Benchmark results for the algorithm show 32% reduction in power consumption on average, compared to sizing only power minimization. There is up to a 57% reduction for some circuits. The flow can be extended to dual supply voltage libraries to yield further power savings.","PeriodicalId":355883,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2003. ISLPED '03.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127174341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 168
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