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Role of Official Development Assistance, Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Openness in Reducing Income Inequality: An Empirical Analysis from Selected Asian Countries 官方发展援助、外国直接投资和贸易开放在减少收入不平等中的作用:来自亚洲国家的实证分析
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).10
Asima Ihsan, Faizan Ali, Faran Ali
{"title":"Role of Official Development Assistance, Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Openness in Reducing Income Inequality: An Empirical Analysis from Selected Asian Countries","authors":"Asima Ihsan, Faizan Ali, Faran Ali","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).10","url":null,"abstract":"Income inequality has been increasing steadily in developing economies. Many factors are responsible for such income inequality and deteriorated economic growth in Asian economies. For this reason, a lot of debate has been made about reducing income inequality. Though the existing study also takes into account the important role of official development assistance, foreign direct investment, and trade openness in reducing income inequality in selected Asian countries, the study found that official development aid, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and labour force participation have greatly reduced income disparity in 10 Asian nations. For growth, good production and exports require more jobs. Globalization and international ties should be prioritized. Finally, economies need a stable economic and political environment to attract aid and foreign investment and grow and expand.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88765894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of Innovation in the Energy Sector for Enhancing Export Performance and Economic Growth 能源领域创新对提高出口绩效和经济增长的作用
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).04
Zohaib Y Ahmad, Sumera Arshad, Muhammad Junaid Anwer
{"title":"Role of Innovation in the Energy Sector for Enhancing Export Performance and Economic Growth","authors":"Zohaib Y Ahmad, Sumera Arshad, Muhammad Junaid Anwer","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).04","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation in the energy sector plays an important role in enhancing the export performance and economic growth of the country. In this conceptual paper, we make a difference between innovation within the industry from innovation outside the industry, and their impact on the export performance and economic growth of the country. The most essential aspects of conceptualized relationships are that innovations in the energy sector i.e. electricity sector can significantly improve the economic growth of the country and the export performance of manufacturing organizations. The energy consumption theory and neo-classical theory involves in order to explain economic growth in the prospect of innovation. It is identified that by making innovation in the energy sector, it becomes possible for the government to overcome the tariff rates of electricity, which ultimately reduces the production cost of organizations, and enhances the export performance and economic growth of the country.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77509079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of Technology-induced Role Overload and Technology Induced Role Ambiguity on Job Performance: A Mediating Role of Technostress 技术诱导的角色过载和角色模糊对工作绩效的影响:技术压力的中介作用
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).12
Tayyaba Mehmood, Aisha Naeem, Junaid Arshad
{"title":"The Impact of Technology-induced Role Overload and Technology Induced Role Ambiguity on Job Performance: A Mediating Role of Technostress","authors":"Tayyaba Mehmood, Aisha Naeem, Junaid Arshad","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).12","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to examine employees in software businesses are subjected to a high degree of technological stress, as well as multiple strains such as excess, role unpredictability, conflicts over responsibilities for people participation, a dearth of input, and maintaining up with advances in technology. We first theorize the linear and curvilinear relationships for each of the ICT-enabled employee innovations and then test the proposed relationships by conducting a survey on institutional employees. This study looks into the relationship between technostress, role ambiguity, technology-induced overload, and job performance among workers of Pakistani software organizations. The response data were examined using correlation and regression to ensure reliability. The results indicate a substantial positive link between technology-induced role overload, role ambiguity, technostress, and job performance. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the character of distinct technostress drivers and their interactions with ICT- enabled staff creativity.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85519792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Moderating Role of Ownership Structure on the Relationship Between Board Diversity and Forward-looking Information Disclosure 股权结构对董事会多元化与前瞻性信息披露关系的调节作用
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).08
Khurram Ashfaq, Vasia Maqsood, Sana Ullah
{"title":"Moderating Role of Ownership Structure on the Relationship Between Board Diversity and Forward-looking Information Disclosure","authors":"Khurram Ashfaq, Vasia Maqsood, Sana Ullah","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).08","url":null,"abstract":"The study's objective is to examine how ownership structure affects the relationship between Board Diversity (BD) and the disclosure of Forward-Looking Information (FLID). The study initially included 500 non-financial companies from the BSX 500 index for the year 2016. However, only 303 companies' data were analyzed due to insufficient information. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the FLID. The association between the research hypotheses was examined using OLS regression. The results indicated that the disclosure of forward-looking information was positively associated with female directors, foreign directors, promoters, and return on equity, while it was negatively associated with leverage, firm size, and big4. Furthermore, in terms of the moderating effect of promotors' holdings, it has been found that ownership structure has a negative effect on the relationship between board diversity and FLID. The study aimed to provide a better understanding of the disclosure practices of Indian companies.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82971473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Ownership and Board Composition on Firm Performance: Evidence from the Listed Firms in Pakistan 股权和董事会构成对公司绩效的影响:来自巴基斯坦上市公司的证据
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).07
Attaur Rahman, Muhammad Yusuf Amin, Faisal Sher
{"title":"The Effect of Ownership and Board Composition on Firm Performance: Evidence from the Listed Firms in Pakistan","authors":"Attaur Rahman, Muhammad Yusuf Amin, Faisal Sher","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).07","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to find the effect of ownership and board characteristics on a firm's performance in listed firms in Pakistan. Data from 75 listed companies were gathered for this purpose between 2011 and 2018. The study's finding shows that board and ownership characteristics have a significant effect on firm performance. The effect of foreign ownership on performance is negative and significant, but state, family and military ownership have a positive and significant impact. The result of board characteristics shows that the performance of the company is significantly impacted and adversely affected by board size. Whereas a positive and significant effect of female board members on business performance was discovered. Among other variables leverage, size and age have a positive and significant effect on RTOA. The result of board characteristics and other control variables changes when compared between family, state, foreign and military ownership.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88654065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Consumer behaviour towards Digital Inclusion in Banking System during COVID-19 COVID-19期间消费者对银行系统数字包容的行为
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).13
Sarmad Soomro, A. Talpur
{"title":"The Consumer behaviour towards Digital Inclusion in Banking System during COVID-19","authors":"Sarmad Soomro, A. Talpur","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).13","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores consumer behavior towards digital inclusion in the banking system during Covid- 19. It examines the important factors that lead to Attitude towards internet and mobile banking (AIMB) and the Use of internet and mobile banking (UIMB). The study comprised 300 respondents, and a convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data: an online questionnaire. Using Spss software to test the hypothesis and relationship between the variables, Regression analysis was used to assess the gathered data quantitatively. The findings show that increase in the Perception of covid-19 effect (PCOV), Perceived utility of internet and mobile banking (PUIM), Ease of use internet and mobile banking (EUIM), Trust in banks (TB), Safety of internet and mobile banking (SIMB) and AIMB also increased. Simultaneously, it is observed that PUIM, TB, EUIM and SIMB have a positive influence on AIMB. Moreover, there was positive impact AIMB on the UIMB.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86728160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Explore the Leadership of Principals and its Influence on Job Satisfaction of Employees in Private Colleges of Lahore Punjab 探讨拉合尔旁遮普私立高校校长领导及其对员工工作满意度的影响
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).09
Syed Kashif Hussain, Khawaja Hisham ul Hassan, Farhan Akmal
{"title":"Explore the Leadership of Principals and its Influence on Job Satisfaction of Employees in Private Colleges of Lahore Punjab","authors":"Syed Kashif Hussain, Khawaja Hisham ul Hassan, Farhan Akmal","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).09","url":null,"abstract":"Leadership motivates subordinates. Leadership styles determine organizational success. Leadership influences job satisfaction, commitment, and productivity. This study examined private college principals' leadership and success strategies. Parents, teachers, and students expect brand-commitment. Instructional leadership by a strong and experienced private college leader or supervisor ensures quality. We asked faculty and subordinates about Supervisor leadership styles. This exploratory descriptive research study interviews and samples faculty to assess Principal leadership style and job satisfaction. Five private college principals and 10 departmental faculty are chosen. A Principal, Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) and Self-Assessment Instrument for Teacher's Evaluation (SATE) interview protocol (SITE). Final theme analysis used 15 valid cases. Teachers had natural semi-structured interviews. Input, process, outcome, and teacher job satisfaction emerged. Principals' instruction made teachers happier. Principals should improve teacher job satisfaction through instructional leadership. Private colleges should improve teacher satisfaction with instructional leadership.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85399476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Implication of Fiscal Variables in the Monetary Reaction Function of Pakistan 巴基斯坦货币反应函数中财政变量的含义
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).01
Brekhna Ali, Mukamil Shah
{"title":"The Implication of Fiscal Variables in the Monetary Reaction Function of Pakistan","authors":"Brekhna Ali, Mukamil Shah","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the influence of fiscal variables on the monetary reaction function innPakistan. The main concern of a macroeconomic policy is to achieve sustainable growth and to keep a low level of inflation in the economy. For empirical analysis, the Autoregressive Distributive Lag model (ARDL) is applied using quarterly data for the period 2004Q1 to 2020Q4. The empirical evidence reveals that the monetary policy instrument in the monetary reaction function is explained significantly by the fiscal policy variables both in the short and long-run. Monetary policy independently cannot control inflation unless it has the support of the fiscal policy. Therefore, for an optimal policy mix, a wise monetary policy must be followed by a comprehensive fiscal policy in the case of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"16 4B 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77999474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Small and Medium Businesses Readiness towards Cyberattacks in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯中小企业应对网络攻击的准备情况
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).11
S. Alarifi
{"title":"Small and Medium Businesses Readiness towards Cyberattacks in Saudi Arabia","authors":"S. Alarifi","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).11","url":null,"abstract":"While large companies have the capability and resources to protect their systems from the increasing number of cyberattacks, little is known regarding the recent cybersecurity preparedness of Small and Medium Businesses (SMBs). The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that impact the SMB's readiness towards cyberattacks, this research used the identified constructs, the SMB's readiness toward cyberattacks, government regulations and support, cyberattacks, awareness of cybersecurity-threat, and information technology risk management that were established in prior research. The findings demonstrated an overall good model. In addition, the results showed that government regulations and support, awareness of cybersecurity-Threat, and information technology risk management have a significant impact on the SMB's readiness toward cyberattack. Furthermore, government regulations and support have a significant impact on cyberattacks and awareness of cybersecurity-threat. These findings can be used to facilitate future studies and improve the existing understanding of how SMBs can be prepared to reduce the incidence and effect of cyberattacks.","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75123722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Green Investments on Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Role of Firm Financial Performance 企业社会责任和绿色投资对可持续绩效的影响:企业财务绩效的中介作用
Global Business and Economics Review Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).06
Kayenat Saher, Muhammad Faheem Zafar, Qudsia Siddique
{"title":"The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Green Investments on Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Role of Firm Financial Performance","authors":"Kayenat Saher, Muhammad Faheem Zafar, Qudsia Siddique","doi":"10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2023(viii-i).06","url":null,"abstract":"Several academics have looked at the current and future paths of sustainable development through the lens of green investment and corporate social responsibility (CSR) investment. Few people have looked into the links between green investments, CSR investments, and long-term success. Most of these studies have been about how CSR affects a company's bottom line. Sustainable performance is founded on triple- bottom-line thinking, also known as the people-planet-profit axis. 130 manufacturing companies that have been registered on the Pakistan Stock Exchange between 2019 & 2021 made up the sample for this study. The analysis reveals that investments in CSR (corporate social responsibility) and environmental preservation boost financial and long-term sustainability. On the other hand, financial performance doesn't change much when it comes to sustainable performance. Additionally, the impact of green investments on sustainable performance is mediated by financial performance. However, CSR investment cannot be mediated by financial success","PeriodicalId":35504,"journal":{"name":"Global Business and Economics Review","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76497584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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