{"title":"परालको आगो कथाको समाख्यानशास्त्रीय विश्लेषण","authors":"बालकृष्ण शर्मा","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50250","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत लेख गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीद्वारा रचित ‘परालको आगो’ कथाको अध्ययनमा केन्द्रित छ । यसको सैद्धान्तिक आधार समाख्यानशास्त्र हो । विभिन्न विधाका माध्यमबाट प्रस्तुत हुने अन्तरकथायुक्त रचना नै समाख्यान हो । यो कथा प्रस्तुत गर्ने तरिका हो । यो कुनै कार्यकारण शृङ्खलामा आबद्ध चरित्रसहितको रूप हो । यसमा विभिन्न घटना, परिवेश र चरित्र हुन्छन् । ती चरित्रहरू घटनाका प्रेरक, भोक्ता, वहनकर्ता, द्रष्टा, सञ्चालन कर्ताका रूपमा आएका हुन्छन् । यस्ता चरित्रहरूको अध्ययन समाख्यानशास्त्रमा गरिन्छ । त्यसैले समाख्यानशास्त्र आख्यानात्मक कृतिमा प्रयुक्त पात्र र तिनका कार्यकलापहरूको अध्ययनमा केन्द्रित रहने समीक्षा पद्धति हो । कुनै पनि आख्यानमा समाख्याताको कार्य र उसको पहिचान, वाच्यता तथा कथावाचनका लागि निश्चित प्रकारको कालव्यवस्था रहेको हुन्छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा समाख्याताको कार्य र पहिचान गर्न सकिने आधारहरूको खोजी र विश्लेषण गरी समाख्यातमार्फत प्रस्तुत भएको वाच्यत्व र समाख्यानात्मक कालको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस कथामा तृतीय पुरुष समाख्याताले वर्णनकर्ता, टिप्पणीकर्ता एवम् मूल्याङ्कनकर्ताका रूपमा समाज, संस्कृति र दाम्पत्य जीवनका यथार्थ स्थितिलाई आदर्शले परिवेष्ठित गरी वाच्यताका रुपमा प्रस्तुत गरेको छ र कथा समाख्यानात्मक भूतकालमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ भन्ने निष्कर्षमा पुगिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126680536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Story of Dhon Cholecha: A Structural Analysis","authors":"Narendra Raj Subedi","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50262","url":null,"abstract":"Folktales are part of folk literature, which is more widely referred to as folklore. Every community has its own folklore and it has been widely practiced since the time immemorium. It is the oral art of the common people representing the contributions of many anonymous creators. Folktales are regarded as the simplest form of narratives these tales have their own structures. Tales of these types from various cultures have also been analyzed in terms of their structures. In the present study Vladimir Propp can be considered for the structural analysis of a Nepali tale. After the publication of his book Morphology of the folktale the folklorists got a new approach to reveal the tales from its structures. So, this research article tries to explore the structures of a Nepali folktale using a tale to explore its own structures. To make a whole it advocates an investigation of the relationship between forms and suggests a structural analysis. In this context a tale from Tales of Kathmandu \"The story of Dhon Cholecha\" has been analyzed to meet the aforementioned objective. Since this tale has its narrative structure where we find two different moves and can be diagnosed as the first move and the second move and they run in a quite contrastive way, so from this type of contradiction the tale can be analyzed in terms of contrastive structure analysis from the narrative of \"Dhon Cholecha\" which contributes for the ‘social purpose’ of story telling as well.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125741175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ध्वन्यात्मक अभिव्यञ्जनाका दृष्टिमा पागल कविता {Crazy poetry in terms of phonetic expressions}","authors":"यादवप्रसाद शर्मा","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50268","url":null,"abstract":"महाकवि लक्ष्मीप्रसाद देवकोटाद्वारा रचित ‘पागल’ कवितामा के कस्तो ध्वन्यात्मक अभिव्यञ्जना पाइन्छ तथा उक्त कवितामा अत्यन्ततिरस्कृत वाच्यध्वनि कसरी प्रयुक्त भएको छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक समस्याको समाधानमा केन्द्रित ‘ध्वन्यात्मक अभिव्यञ्जनाका दृष्टिमा पागल कविता’ शीर्षकको प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखका निम्ति आवश्यक सामग्रीको सङ्कलन पुस्तकालयीय विधिका आधारमा गरिएको छ भने सामग्रीको विश्लेषण निमनात्मक पद्धतिका आधारमा गरिएको छ । ध्वनिसम्बन्धी सैद्धान्तिक आधार निर्माणका निम्ति क्रमशः आनन्दवर्धनको ध्वन्यालोक, अभिनव गुप्तको ध्वन्यालोकलोचन (ध्वन्यालोकको टीका), मम्मटको काव्यप्रकाश, विश्वनाथको साहित्यदर्पण र जगन्नाथको रसगङ्गाधर नामक ग्रन्थका ध्वनिसिद्धान्तसम्बन्धी स्थापनाहरूको अनुशीलन गरिएको छ र त्यही सैद्धान्तिक आधारमा‘पागल’ कविताको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । ‘पागल’ कवितामा देवकोटाको मानवतावादी चेतनाका साथै व्यङ्ग्य–विद्रोहको चेतना कलात्मक रूपमा अभिव्यक्त भएको कुरा औँल्याइएको छ । यस कवितामा प्रयुक्त पदावलीमा कोमल तथा परुष दुवै किसिमका शब्दको चयन तथा समानान्तर संयोजन, सामान्यता तथा गहनताको द्वैधता एवं मानक र विचलनको खिंचातानी हास्यव्यङ्ग्यचेतका निम्ति सशक्त साधन बन्न पुगेको छ । कवितामा कतै सौन्दर्यप्रेम त कतै क्रान्ति चेतना, कतै मानवीय करुणामयता त कतै हास्यास्पद समसामयिक राजनैतिक नाटकीयताप्रति तीव्र व्यङ्ग्य प्रहार गरिएको पाइन्छ । यस सन्दर्भमा कहीं कुसुम झैं कोमल त कहीं वज्रझैं कठोर बिम्बप्रतीक तथा अलङ्कारहरूको समानान्तर वितरण तथा आयोजनाले पनि हास्यगर्भित व्यङ्ग्य– विद्रोहचेतनाको संयोजनमा प्रभावकारी भूमिका खेलेको र कतिपय ठाउँमा उपमानका रूपमा आएका पाश्चात्य एवं पूर्वीय मिथकीय सन्दर्भले पनि कलात्मक सौन्दर्यको सिर्जना गरेको निष्कर्ष दिइएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"75 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126020327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीका कथामा अमूर्त संस्कृति {Abstract Culture in the Stories of Guru Prasad Mainali}","authors":"षडानन्द पौड्याल","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50269","url":null,"abstract":"सामाजिक चेतनाले ग्रहण गर्ने तर दृश्यमूलक नभई केवल भावनाबाट मात्र प्रत्यक्षीकरण गर्न सकिने विचारपरक सत्य अमूर्त संस्कृति हो । व्यक्तिगत वा सामाजिक भावनाको केन्द्रमा निहित आस्था र त्यसमा प्रकट भई सामाजिक प्रतिबिम्बका रूपमा अगिल्लो पुस्ताबाट पछिल्लो पुस्तामा हस्तान्तरित हुने आस्थापरक व्यवहार अमूर्त संस्कृति हो । प्राकृतिक शक्तिलाई पनि दैवीशक्तिमा परिणत गरी मानव जीवनलाई पल्लवित गराउन सामथ्र्य राख्ने आस्थाको केन्द्र बनेको अमूर्त संस्कृति गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीका कथामा सामाजिक भावना अनुरूप प्रयोग गरिएको सत्य पहिचान गर्नु लेखको उद्देश्य हो । व्यक्तिगत चिन्तनका आलोकमा सामाजिक भावना प्रकट भएको छ भने सामाजिक भावनालाई केन्द्रमा राखेर व्यक्तिका साथ परम्पराका नाममा अमूर्त संस्कृति प्रयोग भएको पाइन्छ । सामाजिक ज्ञानधारामा प्रकट भएका सत्य कथामा पहिचान गर्ने सिलसिलामा मैनालीका कथामा अमूर्त संस्कृति प्रयोग भएको हुनाले पुस्तकालयीय विधि प्रयोग गरी सत्यको निकट पुगिएको छ । नेपाली समाजले परम्परादेखि अपनाउदै आएको सामाजिक व्यवहारको जगमा तयार गरिएका मैनालीका कथामा प्रयोग गरिएका चरित्रका क्रियाकलापमा अमूर्त चिन्तनको उपयोग गरेको पाइन्छ । सामाजिक परम्परा, सामाजिक व्यवहार, वैयक्तिक चेतना, दैवीशक्ति, आत्माशक्ति र सामाजिक चिन्तनका आलोकमा प्रकट भएको हुँदा अमूर्त संस्कृतिका सैद्धान्तिक मानकका आलोकमा दैवीतुष्टि र आत्मातुष्टि सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारको उपयोग गरी मैलानीका कथामा प्रयुक्त अमूर्त संस्कृति पहिचान गर्नु लेखको अभीष्ट हो ।","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115412596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"तीन घुम्ती उपन्यासमा मनोविज्ञान {Psychology in Three Novels}","authors":"कल्पना लुइटेल","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50265","url":null,"abstract":"सिग्मन्ड फ्रायडद्वारा प्रतिपादित मनोवैज्ञानिक धाराका आख्यानकार विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइरालाको पहिलो उपन्यास ‘तीन घुम्ती’की केन्द्रीय पात्र इन्द्रमायाले पीताम्बरलाई पतिका रूपमा पाउनका लागि जन्मघर छोड्ने निर्णय गर्नु पहिलो घुम्ती हो । उसले शारीरिक सन्तुष्टि र सन्तानका लागि रमेशसँग सहबास गर्ने निर्णय गर्नु दोस्रो घुम्ती हो भने पति पीताम्बरले रमेशबाट जन्मिएकी छोरी वा लोग्ने रोज्न भनेपछि छोरी रोजेर सदाका लागि पीताम्बरको घर परित्याग गरी जाने निर्णय गर्नु तेस्रो घुम्ती हो । प्रस्तुत उपन्यासमा यौनमनोविज्ञानका माध्यमबाट मातृत्व मनोविज्ञानको पहिचान गर्नु यसको उद्देश्य हो । एउटी नारी प्रेम प्राप्तिका लागि आमा, बुबा, घर, परिवार, समाज र सम्पत्ती सबै छाड्न सक्छे भन्ने कुरा उपन्यासको पूर्वाद्धमा प्रस्तुत भएको छ भने उत्तराद्र्धमा पुग्दा नारीमा मातृवात्सल्य भाव सशक्त रूपमा रहेको हुन्छ र उसले लोग्ने र सन्तानमा एक रोज्नु प¥यो भने सन्तान रोज्छे भन्ने दृष्टान्त यहाँ पुष्टि गरिएको छ । विवेच्य पक्षको पहिचान गर्न पुस्तकालयीय विधि प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत उपन्यासमा मनोविज्ञानका उपकरण प्रशस्त प्रयोग भएर पनि नारी अस्मिता र स्वास्नी मानिसको वास्तविक अस्तित्वको समस्या प्रस्तुत भएको छ । यस उपन्यासमा नारी अबला मात्र छैनन् । आफ्ना बारेमा आफ्नै एकल निर्णय गर्नसक्ने र जस्तोसुकै परिस्थिति आए पनि त्यसलाई स्वीकार गरी अगाडि बढन् सक्ने सबला पनि छन् भन्ने अस्तित्ववादी विचार प्रकट भएको छ । अस्तित्ववादी नारीमनोविज्ञानमा रचना भएको उपन्यासमा नारीमा विद्यमान मातृत्वको भाव उजागर भएको तथ्य पहिल्याउनु नै यस लेखको अभीष्ट हो ।","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115307794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Undergraduate Students’Awareness, Usage and Attitude towards Digital Library in Kathmandu","authors":"Padam Bahadur Lama, Jung Bahadur Hamal","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50263","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims at assessing the perception of undergraduate students towards awareness, usage and attitude to digital library in Kathmandu. The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive research design for the primary data collected through structured questionnaire from the sample of respondents with 218 useable responses, 39 percent response rate, from the pool of students of special programs of management faculty of Tribhuvan University, BBA and BBM. The findings of the survey depicted that students were aware of the digital library, found the search function to be useful, and were pleased display output. Students were interested in learning on new advancement, found speedy download, accessible, improved research skills, high-quality research and prompt information in digital library. However, fewer respondents used the 20 mentioned digital library portals than expected and found difficulty due to limited access of digital library that impacted on material collection, compelled to visit other libraries physically, enhanced fear of finishing work and affected research work.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128758571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"माया ठकुरीका कथाहरू कथासङ्ग्रहमा प्रयुक्त उखानको तात्पर्य {The meaning of the proverb used in the collection of stories of Maya Thakuri}","authors":"विष्णु न्यौपाने","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50267","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत आलेख माया ठकुरीका कथाहरू कथासङ्ग्रहमा प्रयुक्त उखानको तात्पर्यको विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित छ । सामग्री सङ्कलनका क्रममा माया ठकुरीका कथाहरू कथासङ्ग्रहलाई प्राथमिक स्रोतका रूपमा र उखानबारे गरिएका समीक्षा, समालोचना र शोधप्रतिवेदनलाई द्वितीय स्रोतका रूपमा लिएर गुणात्मक विधिबाट विषयको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । उखान लोकको अभिव्यक्ति भएकाले यसमा लोकजीवनका दुःखसुख, जीवनदर्शन, उपदेश आदि अभिव्यक्त हुन्छन् । कथाको भाषालाई सारगर्भित, खँदिलो, रसिलो, चोटिलो बनाउन कथामा त्यस्ता उखानको प्रयोग गरिएका हुन्छन् । तिनले कथालाई थप सशक्त बनाउन सहयोग पु¥याएका हुन्छन् । माया ठकुरीका कथामा प्रयुक्त उखानले नेपाली समाजको मार्मिक तथा करुणपक्षलाई उजिल्याएका छन् । समाजका मृत्यु, झगडा, मनोमालिन्य, आत्महत्या, अव्यवस्था, ईष्र्या, रोग, भोक, अशिक्षा, गरिबी, विवशता, कुण्ठा, नैराश्य, चोरी, चिन्ता, पश्चात्ताप, वैरभाव, घृणा, अन्धरुढीवादी चिन्तन, आर्थिक शोषण, गरिबीको मारमा पिल्सिनुपर्दाको अवस्था आदि पक्ष उखानमा व्यक्त भएका छन् । आर्थिक सम्पन्नता र विपन्नताका बिचको बढ्दो दुरी, सामाजिक कट्टरताको बन्धनमा बाँधिएको मानवले स्वतन्त्र जीवन जिउन खोज्दा भोग्नुपर्ने दुःख र कष्ट, नैतिक बलका कारण मानिसले समाजमा विजय हासिल गर्न सक्छ भन्ने उपदेशात्मक अभिव्यक्तिका क्रममा उखान कथामा प्रयोग भएका छन् । माया ठकुरीका कथाहरू कथासङ्ग्रहमा प्रयुक्त उखानहरूको सन्दर्भगत अर्थ र प्रयोगको औचित्यलाई मूल समस्या बनाएर तिनको सन्दर्भगत अर्थ र प्रयोगको औचित्य विश्लेषण गर्नु यस अनुसन्धानको उद्देश्य हो । अध्ययनमा सङ्कथन सिद्धान्तलाई अनुकूलित समायोजन गरी विषय विश्लेषणमा उपयोग गरिएको छ । कथामा प्रयुक्त उखानहरूले कथाको भाषिक शिल्पसौन्दर्य एवम् पात्रको चरित्राङ्कन, परिवेश चित्रण तथा समाजको यथार्थङ्कनमा सहयोग गरेकाले ती उखानहरू सही र उपयुक्त रहेका छन् ।","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126881158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Manifest Trauma and Remembering Sorrowful Terroristic Life in Dikpal’s “Liwang 2006”","authors":"Ph.D Badri Prasad Pokharel","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50257","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an attempt to study different aspects of trauma in Rajkumar Dikpal’s story “Liwang 2006” with the help of psychological trauma and its major assets. The story is written on the background of ten years long civil war which caused the death of more than fifteen thousand people and millions of others remained homeless for a long time. Among many wars affected people, Purnaman, Dilsara Ghartimagar, Bainsamali, the main characters in the story, are the people who become victims of the insurgency and have to go through painful traumatic situation. This paper tries to show how they become traumatized and how severely they go through this situation. For this, the major assets of Caruth and other trauma theorists as theoretical tool have been applied to analyze the trauma and its post-traumatic stress disorder found in the primary text, “Liwang 2006”. Here, the story has been analyzed keeping traumatic aspects, which would, subsequently, help one understand personal trauma and its aftermath as well the conflict which badly affect the lives of people living in the hinterland of the nation. By bringing out the outcomes of the conflict and its bad results, this article centers on the common people’s painful traumatic condition due the civil war and how those who remain alive are seen remembering those sorrowful terroristic life in past.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114768766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural Assimilation Creating Third Culture in Sumnima","authors":"Rajendra Prasad Chapagaee","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50264","url":null,"abstract":"Sumnima, a psychological love story between Aryan boy and Kirati girl raises some cultural and philosophical issues of cultural reality of Nepal. Cultural values in Nepal are conflicting but there is a unique understanding and co-ordination between the differing cultural and religious philosophies. Sumnima stands for Kirat's cultural philosophy and Somadattafor Aryan philosophy. Sumnima thinks body to be more important than soul. She believes on materialism, living life and real world. She wants to live with nature discarding all sorts of artificialities and formalities. She does not believe in the life after death. Sumnima is a symbol of materialism whereas Somadatta is of spiritualism. A blind follower of Aryan dogmatic principles, he is guided by Aryan religious, spiritual and cultural philosophy. He believes on eternity and immortality of soul. In course of time, he realizes the importance of Sumnima's culture, her philosophy of life and world. He is serious about his spiritual goals but succumbs to the charms of materialistic world. His son, an Aryan boy, marries Sumnima's daughter, a Kirati girl. Marriage between a boy and a girl of two opposite cultures signifies cultural assimilation and harmonization along with the unity in diversity. It connotes cultural liberalization and reformation in the ancient cultures of Nepal. Abstract ideas of Aryan culture and factual ideas of Kirat culture are integrated to create a new culture that brings the philosophy of materialism and spiritualism, or body and soul together. Cultural liberalism defeats the cultural and religious orthodoxy.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124248025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ensuring Economic Stability through Liquidity Management in the Banking Sectors of Nepal","authors":"Basu Dev Lamichhane","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i2.50258","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at finding how Nepalese banks and financial institutions (BFIs) struggle at managing liquidity to stabilize financial performance for the nation’s economic sustainability. Investigating the relationship between liquidity management and economic stability remains as sole purpose to ensure the Nepalese economy. This study applies the qualitative research design and aims to explore the liquidity management of Nepalese BFIs with an interpretative approach. The economic and financial stability of the country can be accomplished through adequate and proper liquidity management in BFIs. The loanable fund is easily available in the banking sector that vibrates on economic activities including production, distribution, transportation, advertising, communication, exports, and job creation, consequently affecting the total economic activities. Based on the findings, the current scenario of liquidity crisis can be minimized through appropriate financial instruments, monetary policies, an increase in the export of goods, and discouraging the import of luxury items. Remittance is a major source of foreign currency in Nepal, and government needs to encourage people to send remittances through formal banking channels. Equally, the government needs to increase the spending capacity of budgeted capital expenditure on time. Policymakers, economists, microfinance practitioners, Banks, financial institutions (BFIs), and regulatory authorities are expected to be benefitted from the conclusions of the study.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121772479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}