Labor Studies Journal最新文献

{"title":"Labor Unrest and the Future of Work: Global Struggles Against Food Delivery Platforms","authors":"M. Stuart, Vera Trappmann, Ioulia Bessa, Simon Joyce, Denis Neumann, Charles Umney","doi":"10.1177/0160449X231178780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449X231178780","url":null,"abstract":"Labor struggle and workers ’ collective agency are central concerns of labor studies researchers. Such an appreciation seems particularly apposite given contemporary debates around the future of work. As Schulze-Cleven and Vachon (2021) note, much future of work debate has been inscribed by technological and market fundamen-talism. The actions and experiences of workers are often absent from a narrative that instead tends to focus on predicting the extent of technology-driven job destruction or state policies that help workers navigate a future of profound industrial transformation. Against this, Schulze – Cleven and Vachon ’ s edited volume stands as an important corrective, offering an analytical approach that revalues labor within a human-centered future of work that extends beyond a purely technological focus to also incorporate environmental change and social reproduction. This symposium contribution builds on Schulze – Cleven and Vachon ’ s analytical approach to focus on labor struggles inter-nationally in the platform economy. For Schulze-Cleven (2021), core features of a labor studies approach include putting the experiences of working people and how they look to defend and advance their interests through collective action at the center of analysis. While platform work still accounts for a small proportion of total employment, platforms are often seen to be key drivers of capitalist restructuring predicated on more insecure and precarious jobs. Platform work is typically characterized by dubious forms of self-employment, set against historical ideals of a standard employment contract, whereby tasks are","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"287 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41822998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Use and Subjective Well-Being of Multiple Jobholders: Evidence From the American Time Use Survey","authors":"B. Hill","doi":"10.1177/0160449x231174938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449x231174938","url":null,"abstract":"Millions of workers hold more than one job. Multiple jobholders work various combinations of part-time and full-time jobs, which suggests they might spend their time differently than single jobholders, and the second job might affect an individual's subjective well-being. Using data from the 2003-2019 American Time Use Survey, I show that multiple jobholders work and commute more, and spend less time relaxing, sleeping, and doing housework than single jobholders. Overall, multiple jobholders are less likely to report being rested and having a good life relative to single jobholders. I also show how these differences vary by gender and race.","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47051014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Universities and the Labour Market: Graduate Transitions from Education to Employment by Magdalena Jelonek","authors":"Susan Flavelle","doi":"10.1177/0160449x231169227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449x231169227","url":null,"abstract":"Magdalena Jelonek’s Universities and the Labour Market: Transitions from Education to Employment is a critical review of Poland’s Career Development Programme (CDP). A government-led initiative beginning in 2014 that provided grants to postsecondary institutions, CDP was intended to support soon-to-be postsecondary graduates in the transition to full employment by developing in-demand work competences not typically part of university or college curricula. Institutions proposed projects that aligned with one of the five competence streams—professional, communication, IT, analytical, and entrepreneurship—and winning projects would be greenlit and funds allocated to the school. Jelonek uses the outcomes of the program to critically examine the role of universities as economic stimuli and worker competence development at a time when the commodification of higher education is increasingly conspicuous. While the program was not considered a clear success in Poland, Jelonek situates the economic intervention within a labor market that at the time was quickly strengthening after the 2008 global recession in order to better understand its outcomes and how the program can be used as a model moving forward. The first two parts of the book are devoted to contextualizing the socio-economic paradigms that informed the program. Jelonek weaves together a critical analysis of dominant neoliberal ideologies that prioritize labor as human capital and mesh with the growing commodification and “massification” of Poland’s higher education industry (p. 3). She argues that because the value of education is widely regarded as relative, workers are reliant on signaling their skill and competence level to employers. As such, public interventions, such as CDP, lean heavily into performative outcomes such as certificates that can be included in CVs. A material motivation to participate in the CDP skewed participation in favor of competence streams that provided tangible rewards (such as certificates) for completing projects. Additionally, a lack of equitable stop-gaps in the application process led to already well-supported institutions and students winning the majority of the grants. While this divide in accessibility was not officially documented, Jelonek suggests that it had an unintended effect on the documented outcomes of the program. The driving strength of Universities and the Labour Market comes from Jelonek’s dissection of the program’s outcomes in third and final part of the book. In accounting Book Reviews","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"213 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47669446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Blood Money: The Story of Life, Death & Profit Inside America's Blood Industry by McLaughlin, Kathleen","authors":"Mike Matejka","doi":"10.1177/0160449x231169237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449x231169237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"216 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48640651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Labor in the Age of Finance: Pensions, Politics, and Corporations from Deindustrialization to Dodd-Frank by Jacoby, Sanford M","authors":"R. Bruno","doi":"10.1177/0160449x231169236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449x231169236","url":null,"abstract":"number of participants who registered as unemployed was deceptively high. Participants were more willing than their counterparts to use public welfare supports while transitioning to the labor force, but the time it took to transition was shorter for participants. One of Jelonek’s more interesting, and less surprising, discoveries is that despite the high student demand for streams which provided signals to employers, follow-up surveys discovered that participants actually found the less tangible competence streams much more useful in their careers. The detailed examination of the theoretical framework and methodological limitations of the CDP make Universities and the Labour Market a valuable tool for building programs designed to help students transition to work after graduating. Her detailed discussion of the sampling techniques used to assess the validity of the CDP should be of particular interest to policy researchers. Jelonek lays the groundwork for a jumping-off point to assess university-based supports for competence development or co-op courses. Understanding that support programs such as CDP are not short-term solutions, and that such programs should aim to develop a broad range of competences, will help those who are developing department-wide employment initiatives.","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"214 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43310920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postdoc Identity, Jurisdictional Issues, Ideologies, and Unions: Considerations in Organizing Professionals","authors":"Gary Rhoades","doi":"10.1177/0160449X231155636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449X231155636","url":null,"abstract":"This study of U.S. postdocs and unions analyzes the public discourse of national entities, a national postdoc advocacy group, and of local postdoc unions and their collective bargaining agreements. The analytical focus and findings address: (a) postdocs’ identity as “professors-in-training” or exploited employees; (b) the professional jurisdictional issues and due process rights identified as problematic and on which postdocs’ bargaining is focused; and (c) broader ideologies and social justice issues that characterize postdocs’ working conditions and that inform their mobilizing. The findings offer insights into organizing professionals in a time when their status/work is being degraded.","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"101 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49289087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unionization at Volkswagen in Chattanooga: A Postmortem","authors":"A. Walker","doi":"10.1177/0160449X231162593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449X231162593","url":null,"abstract":"Declining unionization rates in the private sector have long been a major object of research across the social sciences and among students of the labor movement. Nowhere is this issue felt more acutely than in core productive sectors of the American South, where employers have beaten back nearly every significant organizing effort. These problems are epitomized by the United Autoworkers Workers’ 2014 defeat at the hands of German automaker Volkswagen in Chattanooga, Tennessee, where it failed to win an election despite management's ostensible neutrality. Though various competing explanations have been offered, I attribute the UAW's underwhelming performance principally to the union's own mistakes and shortcomings. Applying an analytical framework first proposed by Marshall Ganz, I argue that on three key measures of organizational performance—access to information, strategic capacity, and ongoing learning—the UAW fell short, ultimately sealing its fate. First, the UAW neglected to draw important lessons from its previous efforts to organize foreign-owned automakers, which often bore an uncanny resemblance to Volkswagen. Second, the UAW did not deploy its resources effectively, all but disregarding the widely held “best practices” and often displaying a more fundamental ineptitude. Finally, while successful unions adapt to changing conditions, the UAW suffered from path dependency, refusing to make necessary corrections when its pre-ordained strategy sent it veering off-course. These findings suggest, contra the dominant narrative, that the UAW bears some responsibility for its own organizing failures, with profound implications for the future of unions in the American South and beyond.","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"121 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43812054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case History of the FTQ's Social Stewards Network: A Unique Experiment in Union Peer Support for Mental Health in Workplaces in Quebec, Canada","authors":"Mélanie Dufour-Poirier, Francine D’Ortun","doi":"10.1177/0160449X231163533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449X231163533","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes 10 years of research on an alternative actor providing peer support in Quebec workplaces since 1983: the Quebec Federation of Labor's Union Social Stewards Peer Support Network. Such work fills the gap in research on unions’ capacity to act with respect to workplace mental health and take collective control of preventing its injuries. Data were collated through 12 discussions (120-min) groups and some 60 semi-structured individual (90-min) interviews. Our findings highlight the importance of local unionism in maintaining workplace mental health. They also reiterate unions’ need to consider mental health injuries in the workplace as opportunities for reconstructing their strategies so as to rethink work and help institute a truly preventive strategy involving all stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"149 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47393797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Teachers’ Unions Do for Teachers When Collective Bargaining is Prohibited","authors":"E. Han, Jeffrey H. Keefe","doi":"10.1177/0160449X231164188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449X231164188","url":null,"abstract":"Our research examines the relationship between teachers’ unions, teacher compensation, employment conditions, and turnover in Southern US states that prohibit the collective bargaining of public school teachers. We assess union strength by meet-and-confer status and the teacher union density of districts and estimate union impact using propensity score matching. We find that teachers’ unions are positively associated with teacher compensation and employment conditions, even in the absence of collective bargaining. Districts with strong unions have higher dismissals of nontenured teachers for poor performance and a lower attrition rate of qualified teachers, compared to districts with weak unions. This study shows that teachers’ unions in the United States still organize without formal labor-management institutions and make a significant impact on teachers’ work lives, even in a hostile legal environment toward unions.","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"183 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42880507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Benefits and Limitations of Contingent Faculty Unionization: A Comparison of a Union and Non-Union Institution","authors":"Elizabeth Klainot-Hess","doi":"10.1177/0160449X221142618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449X221142618","url":null,"abstract":"While union membership has declined over the last several decades, there has been a recent surge in union organizing among contingent faculty—non-tenure-track faculty who tend to experience low wages and job insecurity. Based on interviews with 100 contingent faculty at two large public research universities—one where contingent faculty are unionized, and one where they are not—this article demonstrates that contingent faculty at the unionized institution experience higher job satisfaction, greater job security, and higher wages than those at the non-unionized university, but that the union still faces some limitations in improving contingent faculty jobs.","PeriodicalId":35267,"journal":{"name":"Labor Studies Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"70 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42257262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}