{"title":"Palved eesti, soome ja vene keeles: grammatika pragmaatika teenistuses","authors":"R. Pajusalu","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.15","url":null,"abstract":"Artikkel kasitleb palvete ja kusimuste vormistamise stereotuupe eesti, vene ja soome keeles. Materjal on kogutud kusitluste abil, milles vastajad pidid kirjutama, mida nad kirjeldatud situatsioonis utleksid voi kirjutaksid (nn diskursuse taiendamise ulesanne). Iga vaadeldava keele kohta loodi andmebaas, milles on 200 palvet. Nende alusel vaadeldakse kummet esitatud situatsiooni vordlevalt kolmes keeles, tuues valja nii sarnasused kui erinevused. Kokkuvottes tehakse uldistused palvete kodeerimisel esinenud sagedamate grammatiliste vahendite (lausetuup, verbi morfoloogiline vorm, eituse olemasolu, poordumine sina - voi teie -vormiga jm) esinemise kohta eesti, soome ja vene keeles. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.15","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"16 9","pages":"241-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72494463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sissevaade varasesse eesti keele süntaksi omandamisse","authors":"A. Kapanen","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.09","url":null,"abstract":"Artiklis vaadeldakse kahe lapse spontaanse kone andmestiku pohjal eesti keele suntaksi varast omandamist. Laste suntaksi varase arengu saab jaotada kolme perioodi strateegia jargi, mida laps esimeste mitmesonaliste lausungite moodustamiseks kasutab. Andmetest nahtub, et eesti lapsed kasutavad mitmesonaliste lausungite loomisel esialgu palju grammatikavalist vahendit, kordust. Lapse vanusega korduste hulk jark-jargult vaheneb ja konesse ilmuvad kahest sonast koosnevad, kuid suntaktiliselt sidumata lausungid. Viimasel vaatlusvahemikul leidub laste kones suntaktilistel baassuhetel, nagu subjekt-verb, verb-objekt pohinevaid lausungeid. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.09","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"10 1","pages":"139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72858355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morfosüntaktilise ja leksikaalse varieerumise piiridest: ilukirjandus- ja õppijakeele kasutusmustrite võrdlus","authors":"P. Eslon","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.04","url":null,"abstract":"Artiklis avaldatud klasteranaluusi tulemused on saadud eesti ilukirjandustekstide ja oppija kirjutatud loomingulist laadi esseede keelekasutusmustrite vordlemisel, aluseks formaalgrammatilise ja funktsionaalse lahenemise sidusus kasutuspohises keelekasitluses. Uhelt poolt eristatakse keelt kui hierarhilist susteemi ja teisalt keelekasutust kui sonade ja vormide koosesinemist tekstis, kus keeleuksused on seotud kindlat liiki leksikaalsete ning morfosuntaktiliste piirangute ja varieerumise piiridega. Tekstide automaatne tootlus toob esile keelekasutusmustrid, voimaldades teha mh jareldusi nii emakeelekoneleja kui ka oppija sona- ja vormieelistuste ratsionaalsuse kohta. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.04","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"107 1","pages":"55-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86973063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tõhususe tahud sõjandusterminoloogia näitel: ülediferentsimine või erinev tunnetusväärtus?","authors":"Reet Hendrikson","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.07","url":null,"abstract":"Artikkel kasitleb terminoloogilist eristamisvajadust: sojanduse tekstikatkete abil otsin vastust kusimusele, kust laheb piir ulediferentsimise ja erialase mottetapsuse huve teeniva eristamisvajaduse vahel. Klassikalise terminiteooria pohiseisukohti on, et erialakeele toimivuse ja uhemottelisuse tagab fikseeritud kood. Seetottu on igasugust varieerumist kas taunitud voi aktsepteeritud moondustega ning eeldatud, et moistete vahel on selged piirid. Tulemustest selgub, et spetsialistide arusaamad tunnetusvaartusest ja diferentsimisvajadusest erinevad vagagi, mistottu hagustuvad oskuskeelenahtuste piirid (nt piir sunonuumia, huponuumia ja poluseemia vahel), tekitades terminipuntraid. Keerukate moistesuhete puhul voib just vaste laenuandvas keeles olla spetsialistile voti moiste tuvastamisel, kuigi praktikas on laenuandva keele eeskuju siiani sageli taunitud. Diferentsimise ja ulediferentsimise piiri leidmist komplitseerivad termini kujunemislugu ja kaasnenud moistemuutused, samuti sotsiokultuurilised tegurid (nt voimusuhted). Uhene pole ka terminikorrastuse moju: korrastamise nimel langetatud otsused voivad otsuse leviku algfaasis segadust juurdegi tekitada. Analuusist jareldub, et diferentsimise ja ulediferentsimise piiri otsinguil on uldkehtivate reeglite paikapanek ebaotstarbekas. Pigem tuleks kusida, milliseid aspekte iga konkreetse otsuse puhul arvestada. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.07","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"62 1","pages":"107-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74572455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment literacy of national examination interviewers and raters – experience with the CEFR","authors":"Ene Alas, S. Liiv","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.01","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates the training needs for the English language national examination interviewers and raters in Estonia in light of the new national examination that is set to measure students’ proficiency at level B of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (henceforth CEFR) scale. A questionnaire study was designed to explore CEFR-related assessment literacy – the extent to which the target population employed the CEFR in their daily professional life, how accessible they felt the CEFR was for their professional needs and if they thought they could accurately place students on the CEFR levels. Additionally, the respondents assigned CEFR can do statements to the levels deemed appropriate. The results revealed ambiguity about the CEFR levels among the respondents, which lead the authors to propose a training sequence designed to empower the interviewers and raters to function more efficiently within the new national examination speaking test in Estonia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.01","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"56 1","pages":"7-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74851375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Põhimõtteliselt või praktiliselt Paides – kahe sarnase funktsiooniga sõna käekäigust","authors":"Annika Küngas","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.13","url":null,"abstract":"Artikkel analuusib sonade pohimotteliselt ja praktiliselt kasutust eesti kirjakeele korpuse andmete pohjal, lahtudes ennekoike semantikast ja pragmaatikast, kuid ka suntaksist ja foneetikast. Keskendutakse viimase kahe sajandi materjalile, kuna oma tanapaevasel kujul ilmnesid pohimotteliselt ja praktiliselt esmakordselt 20. sajandi esimesel poolel. Soltuvalt kontekstist voivad need sonad funktsioneerida mitmel viisil. Adverbilises kasutuses on pohimotteliselt ja praktiliselt uksused, mille leksikaalne vali ei kattu. Siiski on nendele sonadele lisandunud uusi tarvitusi, mille puhul on sarnasus holpsasti tajutav, nt kui neid pruugitakse umbmaarastavas funktsioonis voi diskursuseulese uksusena. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.13","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"148 1","pages":"209-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75510079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Küsimused eesti lapsele suunatud kõnes leedu ja vene keele taustal","authors":"H. Kõrgesaar","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.12","url":null,"abstract":"Eesti hoidjakeele uurimine on valdkond, millega on pohjalikumalt tegelema hakatud alles viimasel kumnendil, seetottu leidub hoidjakeele tasandeid, mille kohta info on napp voi puudub uldse. Siinne artikkel annab esmalt ulevaate uurimusest, mis vaatleb eesti hoidjakeeles kasutatavaid kusilausungeid teiste keelte (vene, leedu, aga ka prantsuse ja Austria saksa) taustal. Seejarel kirjeldatakse kaht tulemusi tapsustavat kontrolluuringut. Artiklist selgub ka, kuidas jagunevad kusilausungid eesti, vene ja leedu hoidjakeeles nende positsioonist, pragmaatilisest rollist, funktsioonist ja struktuurist lahtuvalt. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.12","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"7 1","pages":"193-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86848606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teismeea loovkirjutiste sõnavara ja selle hindamine","authors":"Krista Kerge, A. Uusen, H. Põlda","doi":"10.5128/ERYA10.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA10.10","url":null,"abstract":"Korvutatuna haritud taiskasvanud eestlastega, kes ei ole filoloogid, uuriti sonavaramuutujaid eesti oppekeelega kooli 5., 7., 9. ja 11. klassi opilaste loovkirjutistes, sh 10% kakskeelsetelt. Kirjeldava statistika toel naidatakse kirjutiste sonavara arengu suundumusi ea ja soo jargi, teisalt aga seda, kuivord opetajad hindamisel sonavara arvestavad. Tulemused panevad aluse kirjutiste ja nende hindamise edasise kvalitatiivse uurimise suundadele ja aitavad leida selleks sobivate parameetritega naidiskirjutisi. Uhtlasi vaetakse voimalusi parandada kirjutiste individuaalset hindamist uldhariduskoolis, eriti noorte elukaiku mojutavatel eksamitel. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa10.10","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"5 1","pages":"157-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86486545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sari Ahola, Tiina Lammervo, Reeta Neittaanmäki, Sari Ohranen, Henna Tossavainen
{"title":"Comparing speaking situations in three different language tests","authors":"Sari Ahola, Tiina Lammervo, Reeta Neittaanmäki, Sari Ohranen, Henna Tossavainen","doi":"10.5128/ERYA9.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA9.01","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare learner outcome when five similar speaking situations were offered in the speaking subtest in Finnish, Swedish and English intermediate level tests in the Finnish National Certificates language testing system. The overall aim was to investigate the tasks by comparing learner outcomes across the three tests and to seek explanations for the outcome in the learners’ selfreported demographic, language, educational and professional background. The speaking situations were selected from the NC item bank meaning that they have undergone the Item Response Theory based analyses which indicate that the tasks function well in all tests. More information was needed to discover possible connections between performance and background information. Performance data and background factors were analysed using descriptive frequency and percent distribution. Cross-tabulation was used to analyse connections between variables. The tasks are discussed in terms of domains and language functions and their connection with the test takers’ background information. Results indicate that though there is some variation in the learner outcomes across languages, situational tasks can be used for different languages. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5128/ERYa9.01","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"74 1","pages":"7-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80242060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acquisition of compounds in Estonian and Russian: Frequency, productivity, transparency and simplicity effect","authors":"Reili Argus, V. Kazakovskaya","doi":"10.5128/ERYA9.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYA9.02","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the early phases of acquisition of noun compounds in two typologically different languages – Estonian and Russian. Longitudinal data on three Russian and two Estonian typically-developing monolingual children and their caregivers was analysed and compared in relation to first emergence, the development of different compound types, productivity, frequency, simplicity and transparency of compounds, and also to the impact of morphological wealth in the input on the output. Although the frequency of compounds is somewhat different in the two languages being observed, the first compounds emerge in the speech of Estonian and Russian children almost at the same age and quite early, at the end of the second year of life. In both Estonian and Russian, children first acquire productive pat- terns in both languages, Estonian and Russian, respectively. Factors such as simplicity and frequency are intertwined in the acquisition process. Simple structures occur at the same time as frequent ones but it cannot just be assumed that simplicity is a stronger factor influencing the choice of first noun compounds than frequency. Frequency effects are not straightforward: there are differences in the individual usage of compounds by the caregivers, and the frequency of compounds in child-directed speech does not always seem to be reflected in the speech of the children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa9.02","PeriodicalId":35118,"journal":{"name":"Eesti Rakenduslingvistika Uhingu Aastaraamat","volume":"92 1","pages":"23-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88682870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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