ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)最新文献_第6页

(In)Equality in Education and Economic Development (三)教育与经济发展平等

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/roiw.12142

P. Sauer, Martin Zagler

引用次数: 41

'Insured for Accident?' - A Study on Awareness and Uptake of Accident Insurance Among Urban Street Vendors in Chennai, India “意外保险?”——印度金奈城市街头小贩意外保险意识与吸收研究

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-10-11 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2522994

R. RamPrakash, A. Indira

引用次数: 0

How Much Will Health Coverage Cost? Future Health Spending Scenarios in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico 健康保险要花多少钱?巴西、智利和墨西哥未来医疗支出情况

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2622754

A. Glassman, Juan Ignacio Zoloa

{"title":"How Much Will Health Coverage Cost? Future Health Spending Scenarios in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico","authors":"A. Glassman, Juan Ignacio Zoloa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2622754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2622754","url":null,"abstract":"As Latin American countries seek to expand the coverage and benefits provided by their health systems under a global drive for universal health coverage (UHC), decisions taken today – whether by government or individuals – will have an impact tomorrow on public spending requirements. To understand the implications of these decisions and define needed policy reforms, this paper calculates long-term projections for public spending on health in three countries, analyzing different scenarios related to population, risk factors, labor market participation, and technological growth. In addition, the paper simulates the effects of different policy options and their potential knock-on effects on health expenditure. Without reforms aimed at expanding policies and programs to prevent disease and enhancing the efficiency of health systems, we find that health spending will likely grow considerably in the not-distant future. These projected increases in health spending may not be a critical situation if revenues and productivity of other areas of the economy maintain their historical trends. However, if revenues do not continue to grow, keeping the share of GDP spent on health constant despite growing demand will certainly affect the quality of and access to health services. Long-term fiscal projections are an essential component of planning for sustainable expansions of health coverage in Latin America.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131827241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Is Self-Employment the Answer to Caste Discrimination? Decomposing the Earnings Gap in Indian Household Nonfarm Businesses 自雇是种姓歧视的答案吗?分解印度家庭非农业企业的收入差距

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-02-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2395700

A. Deshpande, Smriti Sharma

{"title":"Is Self-Employment the Answer to Caste Discrimination? Decomposing the Earnings Gap in Indian Household Nonfarm Businesses","authors":"A. Deshpande, Smriti Sharma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2395700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2395700","url":null,"abstract":"Using the India Human Development Survey data for 2004-05, we employ two methodologies to estimate the earnings structure of household nonfarm businesses owned by Scheduled Castes and Tribes (SCSTs) and non-SCSTs: OLS estimation of mean earnings, and quantile regressions. Correspondingly, we use two decomposition methods: the conventional Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition and Melly’s (2006) refinement of the Machado and Mata (2005) decomposition of quantile gaps. We find clear differences in characteristics between SCST-owned and non-SCST owned businesses. The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition reveals that depending on the specification of explanatory variables, as much as 70 percent of the earnings gap could be attributed to the \"unexplained\" or the discriminatory component. Quantile regressions reveal that gaps are higher at lower deciles than the higher ones (both raw gaps, as well as after controlling for characteristics), and the decompositions show that the unexplained component is higher at the lower deciles than higher, suggesting that SCST-owned businesses at the lower end of the conditional distribution face greater discrimination, as compared to those at the higher end. Thus, we find strong evidence of a \"sticky floor\", a phenomenon observed for gender wage gaps in developing countries (in contrast to a \"glass ceiling\" in developed countries).","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123208186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Consumption Expenditure and Health Status: A Case of Eloor Municipality; Kerala 消费支出与健康状况——以鲁鲁尔市为例喀拉拉邦

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-07-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2293240

Jaheer Mukthar

{"title":"Consumption Expenditure and Health Status: A Case of Eloor Municipality; Kerala","authors":"Jaheer Mukthar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2293240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2293240","url":null,"abstract":"While Kerala made remarkable achievement with respect to the mortality and fertility, the level of morbidity is reported to be high and this started debate on the “ low mortality and high morbidity syndrome” in Kerala. This debate concentrated around whether the high morbidity in Kerala was real perceived, given the high literacy, better health care infrastructure and higher utilization of health care services. Though Kerala has achieved revolutionary progress in the health care development, recently the state is under octopus hold of both communicable and chronic diseases, with arrival of rainy season, communicable diseases begins to dominate both the rural and urban area of the state and in the pervasiveness of chronic diseases, Kerala tops all the Indian states. Thus the paradox is that, one side Kerala stands as the state with all indicators of better health care development; on the other hand, it outstrips all other Indian states in terms of morbidity in terms of chronic illness. Since consumption expenditure is a determinant of health status, no systematic study has been carried out in recent years to understand consumption expenditure and morbidity pattern and its variation in Kerala. Little is known about the pattern of consumption expenditure and the health status. So this study seeks to analyze consumption expenditure and health status with special reference to Eloor municipality since Eloor is one of the strong industrial belts as well as polluted area in Kerala.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122316825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Challenge of the South 南方的挑战

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-07-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2344466

K. Hamdani

引用次数: 18

A Comparative Study of Nutritional Programmes in Andhra Pradesh 安得拉邦营养计划的比较研究

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2305819

Rajendra Kondepati

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Nutritional Programmes in Andhra Pradesh","authors":"Rajendra Kondepati","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2305819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2305819","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its enormous strides in economic development, India is yet to exhibit similar progress in its human development indicators like nutritional status of its children. In this context, this study examines the two prominent nutritional programs in Andhra Pradesh, namely Integrated Child Development Services operated through Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) and Nutrition cum Day Care Centres (NDCCs) operated by women self help group federations. It points out that the focus in AWCs is disproportionately on children above three years, while 90% of the brain’s growth happens in the first three years. While NDCCs model addresses this issue, the lack of steady flow of funds offsets the commendable nutritional programme in place. In addition, multiple departments handling maternal and child health (MCH) has blurred lines of accountability at the field level. Therefore, this report argues for a restructuring of MCH services by delineating services provided to children above three years and transferring them to education department. Health department could handle the rest of the MCH services, including the nutritional programmes through mothers’ committees. Such an arrangement will restore the focus on children below three years, draw up clear lines of accountability and increase the beneficiary participation in the delivery of MCH services.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114520580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-Country Heterogeneity and Endogeneity Bias in Life Satisfaction Estimations - Macro- and Micro-Level Evidence for Advanced, Developing and Transition Countries 生活满意度评估中的跨国异质性和内生性偏差——发达国家、发展中国家和转型国家的宏观和微观证据

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2270663

Astrid Krenz

{"title":"Cross-Country Heterogeneity and Endogeneity Bias in Life Satisfaction Estimations - Macro- and Micro-Level Evidence for Advanced, Developing and Transition Countries","authors":"Astrid Krenz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2270663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2270663","url":null,"abstract":"The past literature found evidence for the presence of endogeneity issues due to individuals' heterogeneity and omitted time-varying variables in the relationship between income and life satisfaction on the micro-level for the UK (Powdthavee (2010)). The aim of the present contribution is to put these results in a broader context and to investigate the role of cross-country heterogeneity and income endogeneity in estimations on life satisfaction for sub-samples of advanced, developing and transition countries. The paper is innovative in merging this methodology with a multi-country setting, particularly considering transition and developing countries. Instrumenting for income, we find that cross-country heterogeneity is associated with a significantly lower estimate for the income effect, whereas controlling for endogeneity bias delivers significantly higher estimates. This points to a negative bias in the OLS estimate, and thus approves previous literature's findings. Capturing endogeneity appears to be essential in studies on life satisfaction. The negative bias apparently is highest for the sub-sample of transition countries and lowest for advanced countries. Most of the macro- and micro-level impacts are in line with the previous literature.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116728752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

The Formation of Cross-Sector Development Partnerships: The Role of Bridging Agents and Project Network Alliances 跨行业发展伙伴关系的形成:中介机构和项目网络联盟的作用

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2241067

S. Manning, Daniel Roessler

{"title":"The Formation of Cross-Sector Development Partnerships: The Role of Bridging Agents and Project Network Alliances","authors":"S. Manning, Daniel Roessler","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2241067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2241067","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-sector development partnerships (CSDPs) are project-based collaborative arrangements between business, government, and civil society organizations in support of international development goals such as sustainability, health education, and economic development. Based on the case of public private partnerships in development cooperation, we examine the important role of bridging agents in managing the institutional complexity around the formation of CSDP projects and longer-term project network alliances. We analyze bridging agency as a collective process involving both internal partner representatives and external intermediaries in initiating and/or supporting roles. We find that external intermediaries ease the formation of singular projects and longer-term alliances. However, projects that are initiated by intermediaries tend to be narrow and repetitive in scope, whereas projects initiated by internal partner representatives tend to explore novel project agendas. Yet, the longer-term pursuit of these agendas beyond singular projects may require external intermediaries in supporting roles. Findings help better understand micro-processes and collective practices of brokerage and alliance formation in transnational governance contexts and beyond.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133283244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Impact of Health Worker Migration on Development Dynamics: Evidence of Wealth-Effects from Africa 卫生工作者移徙对发展动态的影响:来自非洲的财富效应证据

ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-04-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2493275

S. Asongu

{"title":"The Impact of Health Worker Migration on Development Dynamics: Evidence of Wealth-Effects from Africa","authors":"S. Asongu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2493275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2493275","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines three relevant hypotheses on the incidence of health worker migration on human development and economic prosperity (at macro and micro levels) in Africa. Owing to lack of relevant data on Health Human Resource (HHR) migration for the continent, the subject matter has remained empirically void over the last decades despite the acute concern of health professional emigration. Using quantile regression, the following findings have been established. (1) The effect of HHR emigration is positive (negative) at low (high) levels of economic growth. (2) HHR emigration improves (mitigates) human development (GDP per capita growth) in low (high) quantiles of the distribution. (3) Specific differences in effects are found in top quantiles of human development and low quantiles of GDP per capita growth where, the physician (nurse) emigration elasticities of development are positive (negative) and negative (positive) respectively. As a policy implication, blanked health-worker emigration control policies are unlikely to succeed across countries with different levels of human development and economic prosperity. Hence, the policies should be contingent on the prevailing levels of development and tailored differently across the most and least developed African countries.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121699670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7