(In)Equality in Education and Economic Development

P. Sauer, Martin Zagler
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引用次数: 41

Abstract

This paper investigates the relationship between the level and the distribution of education and economic development. We contribute to the literature by introducing an interaction term between the education Gini coefficient and average years of schooling. In a dynamic panel over 55 years and 134 countries we provide, on the one hand, strong evidence that more schooling is good for growth, but the coefficient is variable and substantially declining in the degree of inequality. The aggregate benefit to education thus depends on a country's position in the education distribution. On the other hand, we find a slight transitional increase in education inequality to be beneficial at a very low average level of schooling, but detrimental for growth at a relatively high average level. Allowing for the macroeconomic return to education to be heterogeneous with respect to the degree of inequality is therefore paramount in understanding the relationship between education and development.
(三)教育与经济发展平等
本文考察了教育水平与分布与经济发展的关系。我们通过引入教育基尼系数和平均受教育年限之间的交互项来贡献文献。在一个跨越55年和134个国家的动态面板中,我们一方面提供了强有力的证据,证明更多的学校教育有利于增长,但系数是可变的,不平等程度大幅下降。因此,教育的总收益取决于一个国家在教育分配中的位置。另一方面,我们发现教育不平等的轻微过渡增加对平均受教育水平很低的人是有益的,但对平均受教育水平相对较高的人是有害的。因此,在理解教育与发展之间的关系时,考虑到教育的宏观经济回报在不平等程度上是不同的,这是至关重要的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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