Journal of Cleaner Production最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable electronics manufacturing using environmentally safe short chain fluorinated Gemini surfactants for high efficiency printed circuit board cleaning","authors":"Yunye Huang ,&nbsp;Lewen Huang ,&nbsp;Chen Zhou ,&nbsp;Danni Tang ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Yin ,&nbsp;Longqiang Xiao ,&nbsp;Rui Zhao ,&nbsp;Linxi Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although long-chain fluorinated surfactants play an indispensable role in cleaning printed circuit boards (PCBs) to ensure device reliability, their toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation potential pose serious environmental and health concerns. Short-chain alternatives have been developed to address these concerns, but the compromised surface activity leads to a critical performance-sustainability gap. To address the issues of long chain fluorinated surfactants, we designed and synthesized a short-chain fluorinated quaternary ammonium surfactant and a series of Gemini derivatives with varying alkyl spacer lengths. Systematic characterization showed that these surfactants exhibit superior surface activity, foaming, and emulsification performance. Gemini surfactants formed spherical micelles in water, with micelle size increasing with spacer length. PCB cleaning tests demonstrated efficient removal of both rosin-based and ionic contaminants, achieving a remarkably low level of W_r,NaCl (0.154 μg cm⁻²) with only 0.5 wt% surfactant, far below the IPC industry standard threshold of 1.56 μg cm⁻². Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed strong interactions between the quaternary ammonium groups and rosin carboxyl groups, providing a molecular-level explanation for their high efficacy in removing rosin-based impurities. Based on these findings, we developed a high-performance aqueous cleaning formulation using the optimal Gemini surfactant, which achieved over 94% cleaning efficiency within 10 min. This study elucidates the structure-property relationships of fluorinated Gemini surfactants and underscores their potential as environmentally friendly and high-efficiency cleaning agents for sustainable electronics manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"552 ","pages":"Article 148016"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147546837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfur–regolith composite material for radiation shielding on Mars: A sustainable ISRU approach","authors":"Muhammad Nazrif Zamani ,&nbsp;Norhazilan Md Noor ,&nbsp;Sarehati Umar ,&nbsp;Mohamad Shazwan Ahmad Shah ,&nbsp;Muhammad Syahir Sarkawi ,&nbsp;Asyraf Arif Abu Bakar ,&nbsp;Nur Hafizah A. Khalid ,&nbsp;Hanis Hazirah Arifin","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mars possesses extremely harsh environmental conditions, including an average severe cold temperature of −65 °C as well as continuous exposure to solar particle events and galactic cosmic radiation, which can generate secondary gamma rays and neutrons. Given the abundance of sulfur on Mars, sulfur–regolith composite material has emerged as a promising material for sustainable construction on Mars. However, its radiation shielding performance under Martian environmental condition is unclear. This study evaluates the practicability of sulfur–regolith composite material as a sustainable shielding material under simulated hot and severe cold Martian temperatures. The composite material was experimentally irradiated by a 1.28 mCi Cesium (Cs¹³⁷) gamma source at 0.662 MeV, and its radiation shielding properties were calculated using Beer–Lambert's Law. Web-based tools, including WinXCom and Phy-X/PSD, were used to assess the theoretical calculations across a broader photon energy range and validated by the experimental results. The radiation shielding performance of the composite material decreased slightly when exposed to the severe cold Martian temperature due to temperature-induced microstructural alterations and also hypothesized to persist across other photon energies. Enhancement strategies for radiation shielding on Mars were also proposed. These preliminary findings highlight the potential of sulfur–regolith composite material as a sustainable, in-situ shielding solution, which would reduce the dependency of Martian infrastructure on Earth-sourced materials, water, and energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"552 ","pages":"Article 148022"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147546839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing methane continuous monitoring networks in oil and gas fields: A multi-objective framework based on information theory","authors":"Zhengyi Xie ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Tang ,&nbsp;Hang Yu ,&nbsp;Qingyang He ,&nbsp;Yiping Zhang ,&nbsp;Jia Meng ,&nbsp;Gaoxu Tian ,&nbsp;Rongqiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the efficiency of methane emission detection and the traceability of continuous monitoring systems in the oil and gas industry, this study proposes a multi-objective optimization framework based on information theory for sensor deployment during system construction. The framework expands the evaluation scope of previous studies by incorporating: (1) Develop a geometric model and perform spatial discretization based on field conditions, clearly distinguishing between emission sources and sensor candidate locations to reduce decision complexity; (2) generate statistically representative wind fields and leakage scenarios using Latin hypercube sampling; (3) construct an emission source–sensor concentration response matrix to establish multi-objective functions focused on detection coverage, joint entropy, and total correlation; (4) apply the NSGA-II genetic algorithm to obtain Pareto frontiers; and (5) determine optimal deployment schemes using hybrid entropy weight TOPSIS. In METEC case validation, the optimized layout is highly consistent with the historical wind field statistical characteristics, achieving the unification of detection coverage and information independence. Compared with traditional uniform deployment, the optimized scheme increases detection coverage by 23.8% and joint entropy by 16.9%, while reducing total correlation by approximately 45.2%. The sensitivity analysis results show that increasing the number of sensors can improve network performance more effectively than decreasing the detection threshold. This study provides a framework and path support for efficient monitoring, accounting and engineering applications of methane emissions in the oil and gas industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"552 ","pages":"Article 148010"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147546838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Maximising the benefits of sustainable development target interactions: An integrated priority analytical model applied to China” [J. Clean. Prod. 529 (2025) 146764]","authors":"Yuanhui Wang ,&nbsp;Rotem Zelingher ,&nbsp;Nikita Strelkovskii ,&nbsp;Changqing Song ,&nbsp;Peichao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147997","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"552 ","pages":"Article 147997"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can green economic growth and carbon emission reduction coexist? A decoupling study in the energy sector","authors":"Sacha Dawid ,&nbsp;Sergi Vinardell ,&nbsp;César Valderrama","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decoupling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from economic growth has become a critical aspect of climate policy. This study explores the feasibility of achieving absolute decoupling in the global energy sector by 2050 under three economic and emission reduction scenarios. A dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) is conducted in the electricity and heat sub-sectors to account for supply chain emissions and evaluate discrepancies between reported and modeled emissions. The results reveal that, although certain scenarios offer the possibility of maintaining economic growth while reducing GHG emissions, transformative technological advancements and significant policy interventions are needed to achieve substantial reduction rates in both emissions and technology intensity (&gt;10% annually). Achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 appears unlikely under the current economic framework. The study highlights the complex relationship between technological innovation, policy, and growth, suggesting that relying solely on technology improvements may not be sufficient to meet energy sector climate goals. The dynamic LCA results indicate that including supply chain emissions in the electricity and heat sub-sector increases total GHG emissions by 20% in 2023. The multiregional analysis revealed strong regional disparities, with technology intensity declining by 62% in Europe and 45% in Africa since 1990. These differences are even greater between OECD and non-OECD countries, reflecting variations in access to technology, investment capacity, and policy implementation. Overall, the study demonstrates that achieving ambitious emission reductions in the energy sector is challenging without major structural changes in economic and policy frameworks, especially when considering supply chain emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"549 ","pages":"Article 147867"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimulating students’ learning about circularity challenges in agriculture with the CircAgri educational serious game","authors":"Myriam Grillot,&nbsp;Guillaume Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Western Europe, circular agriculture has been recommended as a production model to address the multiple environmental problems caused by input-intensive agriculture. Accordingly, the topic of circularity in agriculture and food systems is growing in university programs across Europe. Immersive educational activities are needed to promote experiential learning and development of the soft skills required to learn about the complex issues related to transitioning to more circular systems. Here, we present the approach we used to develop and apply CircAgri, an educational serious game that aims at engaging students in how to implement circularity in an agricultural region. This role-playing game consists of iteratively adjusting individual activities, in particular those related to production, the resulting biomass flows, and collective organization, especially the circulation of biomass flows in the region. Players monitor the effects of their decisions on circularity at individual and regional levels.</div><div>We tested CircAgri with 136 Master's students and 38 researchers and describe the results of 20 game plays (with 104 Master's students and 1 researcher). We show how the players adapted their strategies over successive game rounds to decrease the types and amounts of biomass imported into and exported from the region, and then reflected on circularity issues. CircAgri is an original serious game that teaches circularity in agriculture through an immersive experience. It stimulates learning about circularity through trial and error and reflection on effects on and potential trade-offs of individual and collective biomass management strategies. It also allows developing some of the soft skills required to implement circularity (e.g. negotiation, active listening). CircAgri is freely available in a print-and-play version and can be combined with other teaching methods to develop students' knowledge and competencies on circularity in university programs on agriculture and the environment. The approach followed in developing CircAgri is replicable on any other challenge involving multiple stakeholders to design serious games aiming at actively engaging students in working with and reflecting on sustainability. The game design process can also be used to reflect on key mechanisms and skills required to move towards more sustainable and circular agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"549 ","pages":"Article 147772"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil carbon fractions and aggregate stability across management zones under flood-irrigated pecan orchards in an arid region","authors":"Rahmatullah Hashimi ,&nbsp;Girisha K. Ganjegunte ,&nbsp;Jhaman Das Suthar ,&nbsp;Saurav Kumar ,&nbsp;Santosh S. Palmate","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in arid regions are influenced by climatic and edaphic factors; however, limited research has assessed how flood irrigation affects carbon fractions and their role in stabilizing soil aggregates in pecan orchards. This study evaluated the impact of three management zones, such as tree root zone (RT), inter-row (IR), and bare land (BL), on soil physical and chemical properties in a pecan orchard in El Paso, Texas. At the 0–15 cm depth, soil organic carbon (OC) and permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) were significantly higher in RT by 90.2% and 50.1%, than in IR. These differences were even more impressive with depth: at 15–30 cm, OC and POXC in RT were 124.6% and 97.2% higher than IR. Water-stable aggregates across all size classes were significantly higher under RT and BL compared to IR at all depths (0–75 cm). At 0–15 and 15–30 cm, the RT zone had significantly greater &gt;2 mm by 48.6% and 70.2%, respectively, than the IR zone. At 0–15 cm, the 0.5 and 0.25 mm aggregate fractions contained significantly higher total carbon (TC) than the 1 mm and &gt;2 mm fractions. At 15–30 cm, OC in the RT zone was higher than in the IR by 49.2% and 34.5% in the &gt;2 mm and 1 mm aggregate fractions, respectively. In contrast, IR showed greater soil inorganic carbon (SIC) at 15–30, 30–45, and 60–75 cm. In all management zones, Olsen-P in the 0–15 cm layer was higher than in the 30–70 cm layer. Positive significant correlations between &gt;2 mm aggregates and TC, OC, POXC, clay, silt, CEC, Olsen-P, and exchangeable cations suggest that organic matter inputs from pecan roots and leaf litter enhance soil structural stability. These findings indicate that increased OC and POXC in the RT zone contribute to improved soil resilience under arid conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"549 ","pages":"Article 147871"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147292488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced active learning and metaheuristic optimization framework for robust vehicle carbon footprint prediction using engine specifications and fuel efficiency metrics","authors":"Tian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This Study proposes a machine learning framework to predict vehicle carbon footprints using a large dataset of 10,000 vehicles collected from FuelEconomy.gov and manufacturers' technical documentation. The dataset includes five input variables-engine size, cylinders, city and highway fuel efficiency, and fuel type, one-hot encoded as diesel, gasoline, and hybrid, each chosen for their physical relevance to combustion behavior and CO₂ output. The target variable, carbon footprint (g CO₂/mi), spans 70-702 g CO₂/mi, whereas fuel type is highly imbalanced ≈(60% gasoline, 20% diesel, and 20% hybrid), which motivated the use of both cleaning and balancing procedures. Three modeling scenarios assessed based on the Original Dataset, the Cleaned Dataset, and the Cleaned &amp; Balanced Dataset. Under each scenario, GPR, BRR, RFR, and XGBR were trained using 10-fold repeated 5-fold cross-validation and evaluated using R² and RMSE. The mean R² values in GPR improved from 0.6864 (Original) to 0.7139 after cleaning (+4%) and further to 0.8308 after cleaning + balancing (+21%). RMSE decreased from 96.11 g CO₂/mi to 94.89 g CO₂/mi (−1.27%) after cleaning but then increased to 150.08 g CO₂/mi (+56%) after balancing, owing to the variance expansion caused by the rare, high-emission samples, an intuitive trade-off toward better fairness and reliability of predictions along the complete spectrum of emissions. To improve robustness, three hyperparameter optimization strategies were used: Grid Search, Bayesian Optimization, and Artificial Protozoa Optimizer. To save labeling costs without sacrificing predictive performance too much, the uncertainty-based sampling active learning framework is adopted. The proposed AL approach had robust performance, even with less labeled data. Tree-based models, such as the RFR-AL and XGBR-AL, achieved test RMSE values of 21.94 g CO₂/mi and 17.27 g CO₂/mi, respectively, with corresponding R² values of 0.9836 and 0.9898, surpassing the baseline GPR-AL, which yielded an RMSE of 26.41 g CO₂/mi and an R² of 0.9762, and closely matching the optimized GPAP performance. While BRR-AL variants resulted in slightly higher RMSE values owing to a lower number of labeled datapoints, all variants yielded PIs, indicating that greater AL had a PI of 0.0236, and RFR-AL of had a PI of 0.0300, outperforming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"549 ","pages":"Article 147827"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling phosphorus mobilisation from sludge incineration ash: Organic-iron-phosphate complexation and aqueous speciation","authors":"Mengjun Mao ,&nbsp;Jun Guo ,&nbsp;Yunkun Qian ,&nbsp;Xinshan Song ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Dong An","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing sustainable technologies to recover phosphorus from iron-rich waste, such as incinerated sewage sludge ash, represents a critical engineering challenge. Conventional acid-leaching processes suffer from high chemical consumption, equipment corrosion, and poor selectivity, necessitating energy-intensive and costly operations. Here, a novel and highly efficient recovery process is presented that overcomes these limitations by operating under mild conditions (pH 5, ambient temperature). The process achieved over 90% phosphorus extraction efficiency from iron phosphate (Fe-P), a result that defies traditional reliance on strong acidity. To uncover the mechanism enabling this breakthrough, a multiscale investigation combining kinetic analysis, spectroscopy, and computational chemistry was conducted. The results revealed a previously unrecognized phosphate-modulated dissolution pathway whereby phosphate anions actively induce the transformation of poorly soluble polynuclear iron-citrate aggregates into a highly stable and soluble mononuclear complex (CA-Fe³⁺-P, denoted as CF3P), confirmed by its spontaneous formation energy (ΔG = −117.47 kcal/mol). By forming this stable complex, iron and phosphate are sequestered together in a soluble aqueous form, which directly prevents reprecipitation of insoluble iron phosphate. These findings establish a new design principle for sustainable resource recovery, demonstrating that process efficiency can be achieved through targeted manipulation of molecular speciation under mild conditions, rather than relying on aggressive, high-input chemical approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"549 ","pages":"Article 147878"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution haven or path to decarbonization? Assessing the co-control of pollution and carbon in China's industrial trade","authors":"Yawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Cuixia Gao ,&nbsp;Anna Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pollutants and carbon emissions share common origins, generating substantial synergies for integrated mitigation. Despite growing scholarly recognition of these synergies across multiple scales, their trade-driven co-reduction—particularly within industrial interregional trade networks—remains underexplored. In this study, we develop an Integrated Assessment Framework for Trade-driven Pollutants and Carbon Co-reduction (IAF-TPC), which integrates an environmentally extended multi-regional input-output (EE-MRIO) model, cross-elasticity (ELS) coefficient, and theoretical emission reduction metric. This framework systematically evaluates the theoretical emission reduction induced by China's interprovincial industrial trade, delineates the synergy degree between PR and CM, and identifies industrial subsectors contributing to synergistic outcomes. Results indicate that: (1) Hebei and Inner Mongolia function not only as major exporters of outsourced embodied carbon and air pollutants but also as primary contributors to emission reductions. Their principal outsourcing flows and mitigation contributions are directed toward Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Guangdong. (2) Synergy analysis reveals that most industrial subsectoral and interprovincial transfer pathways exhibit limited synergy. Strong synergy dominated by pollution reduction is concentrated in outsourcing transfer pathways from Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Inner Mongolia, whereas strong synergy dominated by carbon reduction is distributed in outsourcing transfer pathways from clean-energy-rich regions like Southwest China. (3) Pathways from western manufacturing sector more easily achieve carbon-reduction dominated synergy, while those from central-eastern mining sector and power and heating supply sector tend toward pollution-reduction dominated synergy. This study elucidates the mechanism of pollution transfer-responsibility mismatch and offers a critical foundation for designing differentiated and province-specific responsibility allocation mechanisms within China's industrial sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"549 ","pages":"Article 147880"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147413206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}