Zimeng Cai, Changqing Xu, Huimin Chang, Jing Guo, Chenling Fu, Nan Li, Dong Zhao, Ming Xu
{"title":"Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation opportunities of high-speed train in China","authors":"Zimeng Cai, Changqing Xu, Huimin Chang, Jing Guo, Chenling Fu, Nan Li, Dong Zhao, Ming Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145422","url":null,"abstract":"As socioeconomic development accelerates the expansion of high-speed railway (HSR) networks, addressing associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from their production and operation becomes crucial to achieving transportation sector emission reduction targets. This study quantifies and evaluates the life cycle GHG emissions of the CRH380BL high-speed train operating on the Beijing-Shanghai HSR line, covering manufacturing, operation, maintenance, and disposal stages. The data analysis aims to identify key stages and their potential reduction opportunities. Results indicate that the full life cycle GHG emissions of the CRH380BL are approximately 0.026 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq per passenger-kilometer, totaling 6.5×10<sup>5</sup> tons CO<sub>2</sub> eq over 20 years. Of these emissions, the operation stage contributes the highest proportion (98.0%), followed by manufacturing (1.2%), maintenance (0.8%), and disposal (0.0%). This study finds that at the operation stage, the electricity mix and passenger load factor significantly impact GHG emissions. In the case of using entirely clean electricity, over 90% of emissions can be reduced throughout the train's lifecycle, while maintaining a high passenger load factor helps lower per capita carbon emissions. At the manufacturing and disposal stages, the use of recycled materials and material recovery can achieve up to nearly 50% and 30% emission reductions, respectively. This study provides valuable insights into the sources and magnitudes of GHG emissions in HSR systems, enabling the identification of effective strategies for reducing emissions and contributing to the overall emissions reduction goals in the transportation sector.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brandi M. Grauberger, Garrett M. Cole, Tiezheng Tong, Shihong Lin, Jason C. Quinn, Todd Bandhauer
{"title":"Targeting Sustainable Desalination Solutions: A Techno-economic and Life Cycle Approach to Guiding Zero Liquid Discharge Desalination","authors":"Brandi M. Grauberger, Garrett M. Cole, Tiezheng Tong, Shihong Lin, Jason C. Quinn, Todd Bandhauer","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145445","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing water scarcity and heightened environmental consciousness has elevated the importance of sustainable water management strategies. In response to this pressing global challenge, the adoption of innovative desalination technologies has emerged to provide water treatment and supply chain solutions. Among these, Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) desalination has garnered considerable attention for its potential to mitigate the impact of water scarcity while minimizing environmental consequences associated with ill-managed brine wastes. In this work, we evaluate the economic and environmental competitiveness of an electrodialytic crystallization (EDC) system designed in recent works. We find that when compared to existing ZLD technologies, EDC can compete economically with the potential to reduce costs of ZLD by over 60%. Furthermore, EDC has 42% lower global warming potential than existing technologies. Scenario and sensitivity assessments completed in this work identify the operating parameters of EDC that greatly affect economic and environmental impacts. Most notably, improvements to the cost and performance of ion exchange membranes will provide the highest benefit to EDC competitiveness. With appropriate concentration of future research on these high-impact areas, the economic and environmental viability of EDC should continue to increase in the coming years and EDC will compete with existing ZLD technologies to provide a low-cost, efficient, and low-impact replacement.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"City-level transport decarbonization in China: A novel two-dimensional decoupling pathway analysis model","authors":"Ji Zheng, Yingjie Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145451","url":null,"abstract":"This study uncovers the two-dimensional decoupling states along decoupling pathways of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in the transport sector from economic growth for 327 Chinese cities during 2005-2020 by developing a new two-dimensional decoupling pathway analysis model. This study finds a diversification and differentiation trend in city-level two-dimensional transport CO<sub>2</sub> decoupling states in China. There is still a long way to achieve absolute decoupling of transport CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from economic growth, despite the improving trend of 327 Chinese cities' decoupling pathways. The transport CO<sub>2</sub> decoupling pathways of 56% of cities are improving, yet 65% of cities still fail to achieve absolute decoupling. The valuable local transport carbon reduction and low-carbon development successful practices in exerting the leading role of pilot cities, such as Wuhan, constructing an integrated transportation system, and enhancing international low-carbon cooperation of Hubei province, with 6 cities presenting the most desirable decoupling pathways and all 13 cities presenting improved decoupling pathways, are worth learning from for other cities and regions to achieve low-carbon transport and carbon neutrality.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancement of Strength of Soft Soil utilizing Construction and Demolition Wastes Reinforced with Recron-3s Fibres","authors":"Radhikesh Prasad Nanda, Nijee Priya, Ashutosh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145442","url":null,"abstract":"Soft and weak soils present intimidating challenges in civil engineering, demanding effective stabilization strategies, on the other hand solid waste disposal is a serious concern since landfill space is running out, posing risks to people and the environment. This study explores the effectiveness of using construction and demolition (C&D) wastes, mainly recycled brick waste and Recron-3s fibers, to stabilise weak soil. Through comprehensive testing, including maximum dry density (MDD), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests, the efficacy of this method in enhancing soil strength was checked. It was observed that the most effective combination utilization of 20% brick wastes and 0.25% fibers as optimum dosages. The test results showed that the UCS value increased 5.25 times more than in untreated soil. The CBR value was improved from 2.73 to 11, showing an increment of almost 4.03 times in CBR from an untreated soil sample. The validation of the test results was confirmed through ANOVA statistical analysis and correlation analysis, which demonstrated their statistical significance and reliability. The findings underscore the promising potential of C&D wastes and Recron-3s fibers in improving soil stability as a viable solution for various civil engineering applications, notably in pavement and geotechnical application. This approach addresses the challenges posed by soft soils and contributes to sustainable waste management practices and environmental conservation efforts within the construction industry.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Multi-Objective Approach for Designing a Circular Supply Chain for Electric Vehicle Batteries","authors":"Mehmet Samet Çakır, Seyda Serdarasan","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145438","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a multi-objective, multi-period mixed integer programming model for designing a circular supply chain network for electric vehicle batteries (EVBs), crucial for the transition to sustainable transportation. With the goal of net zero emissions by 2053, EVBs must be efficiently remanufactured, reused, and recycled at their end-of-life stage. A Markov Chain-based approach is employed to model battery health transitions and uncertainties in these processes. The model optimizes economic, environmental, and social objectives. Social sustainability is assessed based on unemployment rates, migration due to job searches, poverty rate, income level and gender employment inequality, weighted using the entropy method. The AUGMECON2 method generates a Pareto optimal solution set, while Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) identifies the best solution. A case study of Türkiye validates the model, demonstrating how a circular EVB supply chain can minimize emissions, improve cost efficiency, and enhance social welfare. The findings provide decision-support insights for policymakers and industry leaders, emphasizing the importance of strategic facility planning, regulatory support, and sustainable investments in transitioning toward a circular economy.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge Prior Deep Meta-Reinforcement Learning-based Load Frequency Control of Isolated Sustainable Energy System Considering Electricity Prosumers","authors":"Jiawen Li, Haoyang Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145410","url":null,"abstract":"To promote the active involvement of prosumers in frequency regulation within isolated microgrids, numerous microgrid operators employ a performance-based market mechanism. However, this approach introduces complexities in load frequency control (LFC) and generates competing interests among the operators. To address this issue, a fully distributed LFC (FD-LFC) method is proposed. In the FD-LFC method, prosumers participate in the market, and each regulation service provider functions as an independent agent, facilitating a globally optimal decision by aggregating local frequencies during online application. To increase the efficacy of the method, the providers devise an appropriate reward function during offline learning to optimize their individual benefits while balancing the benefits of other providers. The proposed approach incorporates a knowledge prior multiagent deep meta-actor–critic (KPMA-DMAC) algorithm for implementation. Specifically, metaknowledge is introduced according to a high-value trajectory, ultimately resulting in high-quality FD-LFC. An experimental evaluation conducted on the isolated Yongxing island microgrid, which is operated by the China Southern Grid (CSG), demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Balanced fertilization modulates colloidal phosphorus dynamics in paddy fields","authors":"Jian Gao, Guanglei Chen, Hao Chen, Shenqiang Wang, Qi Wang, Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145403","url":null,"abstract":"The role of organic amendments in soil phosphorus (P) dynamics in paddy fields has been widely studied, yet the impact of balanced fertilization (achieved through organic substitution at equivalent nutrient levels) on the transport and distribution of colloidal P remains poorly understood. This study investigates the influence of balanced fertilization on colloidal P dynamics in paddy field soils and surface water by categorizing colloidal P into nano colloidal (1–100 nm), medium colloidal (100–450 nm), and coarse colloidal (450–1000 nm) fractions. We assessed these colloidal forms in surface water and soil leachates at different depths under various fertilization treatments, including partial organic substitution for chemical nitrogen (N) over 25 years, and balanced N and P substitution over 5 years. Results revealed that equal N substitution over 25 years significantly increased both truly dissolved P and colloidal P concentrations compared to chemical fertilizer treatment, respectively by averaged 3.8 and 1.4 times of colloidal P in surface water and leachates (0–80 cm). In contrast, balanced N and P substitution over 5 years had no significant effect on total colloidal P concentrations, but did increase nano colloidal P by 10 times. Colloidal P size distribution and elemental composition varied, with Fe and Al predominantly found in smaller colloids and Ca in coarser colloids. These findings highlight the critical role of colloidal P in nutrient transport and its potential environmental risks, particularly eutrophication. Optimizing the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers is crucial for balancing agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability in P management strategies for rice–wheat rotation systems.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Liu, Peter Hasdell, Chen Gao, Yangyang Pan, Baokang Wang, Izzy Yi Jian
{"title":"Connection, Deviation, Patterns, and Trends: Visualizing the Interplay of Sustainability Science and Social–ecological System Research","authors":"Yu Liu, Peter Hasdell, Chen Gao, Yangyang Pan, Baokang Wang, Izzy Yi Jian","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145431","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, sustainability science (SS) and social–ecological system (SES) research have emerged as critical domains within sustainability research, each addressing complex sustainability challenges respectively. However, their relationship dynamics and mutual contributions remained insufficiently understood, with limited data-driven analysis of their developmental trajectories. This study addressed this gap by systematically examining the relationship between SS and SES through the identification of developmental archetypes and research trajectories, thereby illuminating connections, deviations, patterns, and trends (promising directions for further research). Employing a mixed-method approach, this study categorized 70 intersectional labels into three archetypes: similarity, contrast, and insight. Using the archetypes as representative examples, the analysis revealed the convergences in extensive scope and thematic alignment, and divergences in terms of topic preferences, knowledge production approaches, and network structural patterns. These patterns exhibited complementarity between SS and SES, suggesting the synergistic potential of mutual engagements and reinforcements. Enhancing the research mode—leveraging the complementarity by promoting interdisciplinary collaboration while maintaining distinct boundaries—can guide the future development of two disciplines, advancing holistic sustainability research. These findings provide an empirical basis for understanding the evolution of both fields and suggest promising directions for advancing research and innovation in sustainability studies.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Luo, Jiaqiang E, Changling Feng, Xinyu Song, Jiangjun Ding, Wenming Yang
{"title":"Investigation on performance enhancement and emission reduction of micro methanol steam reforming hydrogen reactor for proton exchange membrane fuel cell","authors":"Bo Luo, Jiaqiang E, Changling Feng, Xinyu Song, Jiangjun Ding, Wenming Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145448","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the practical condition of low fuel input flow rate in the methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor, this study proposes the use of methanol mixed with ammonia as an alternative to pure methanol as the fuel source for the reactor. Under the premise of ensuring flame stability and avoiding the flame extinction limit, the addition of ammonia significantly alters the flame position and flame front size, thereby enhancing convective heat transfer between the flame and the reactor’s inner wall and improving the thermal transfer efficiency of the combustion system. Furthermore, the equivalence ratio has a notable impact on the combustion of methanol/ammonia mixtures. On the one hand, oxy-fuel combustion, by increasing the oxygen concentration, intensifies the combustion reaction, substantially improving combustion efficiency and heat output while optimizing fuel utilization. However, this may be accompanied by increased NOx emissions. On the other hand, fuel-rich combustion enhances flame stability by increasing the fuel proportion and can reduce NOx emissions to some extent, although excessive fuel may lead to incomplete combustion and soot formation. For the same MC-MSR reactor, when the ammonia mixing ratio is 90% and the equivalence ratio is 0.8, the required fuel input energy decreases by 51.28% compared to pure methanol combustion (equivalence ratio of 1). Compared to ammonia-mixed combustion with a mixing ratio of 90% and an equivalence ratio of 1, the emissions of CO<sub>2</sub> and NO increase by 9.36% and 15.71%, respectively, while CO emissions decrease significantly by 80.81%. These findings indicate that the proper adjustment of ammonia mixing ratio and equivalence ratio is critical to optimizing heat transfer performance and emission characteristics, providing robust support for low-carbon and efficient combustion.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coupling coordination degree, interaction relationship and driving mechanism of water resources carrying capacity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in China","authors":"Wentao Xu, Junliang Jin, Jianyun Zhang, Shanshui Yuan, Yanli Liu, Tiesheng Guan, Ruimin He, Liujun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145433","url":null,"abstract":"The sustainable use of water resources is important for the sustainable development of society, economy and eco-environment. Water resources carrying capacity(WRCC) reflects regional development levels, influenced by subsystems of water resources, society, economy and eco-environment. Previous studies focused on quantification of WRCC, with limited exploration of coupling coordination or driving mechanisms between subsystems. Therefore, this study focuses on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration with high WRCC pressure. Based on the quantification of WRCC, this study applies coupling coordination degree model to assess the coordination relationship between subsystems. Then, using panel vector auto regression model to explore the interaction relationship between subsystems. Next, using geographically and temporally weighted regression model and geo-detector model to identify driving forces from subsystems and evaluation indicators. Finally, we proposed relevant development suggestions. The results show that: (1) The coupling coordination degree in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration from 2003 to 2020 shows a positive development trend, with fluctuating rises between the water resources and the other three subsystems. (2) The water resources subsystem and society subsystem are central to dynamic interactions The eco-environment is the primary subsystem for WRCC. (3) Per capita GDP, urbanization rate, water consumption per 10 thousand CNY GDP, sewage treatment rate and per capita industrial sulfur dioxide emission are the main driving indicators for WRCC development. This study provides new insights for improving the WRCC and provides a basis for regional high-quality, sustainable and coordinated development. It also rationalizes the allocation of water scheduling between production, living and ecology.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}