History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus最新文献

{"title":"ON THE CONTROVERSIAL LOCALIZATION OF THE TSAKHAR FORTRESS IN THE PASCHAL FORTIFICATION","authors":"G. Trebeleva, Suram Sakania, A. Kizilov, Konstantin Glazov","doi":"10.32653/ch11207-220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch11207-220","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of localization of one or another toponym known from narrative sources is often ambiguous and causes discussions in the scientific community. This article is devoted to the analysis introduced into scientific circulation by Yu.N. Voronov and the well-established identification of a famous monument on the left bank of the Kodor – the Pskal fortification with the Tzakhar fortress, described by Agafius of Mirineisky. The Pskal fortification is a temple surrounded by a fortress wall with a total area of 1100 m². The authors of the article carried out a detailed analysis of the geographical location of the fortification, made a full-scale inspection, created photogrammetric models of the landscape and the temple itself. The geographical location of the monument showed that the Pskalsky fortification was connected with the region of the left bank of the Kodor River, and not with the Tsebelda Valley and the Misimians, which Agathius of Mirineisky describes, and which were located on the right bank of this river. The absence of a description of the crossing over the river and the inconsistency of the fortification area described in the source regarding the Ttsakhar fortress allows us to say that the identification of the Pskal fortress with Ttsakhar is premature and extremely controversial. An analysis of the design features of the temple made it possible to find a number of analogies among other monuments of the region, including those studied archaeologically, thanks to which we can state: monuments of this type: small temples with a semicircular apse inscribed in a common rectangular outline, with two semicircular niches on both sides of the apse semicircle could not have been built later than the 12th century, but they are not monuments of the Tsebelda era either. They can be attributed to the era of the emergence of a single Abkhazian kingdom. Thus, the fortification on Mount Pskal is not the ancient Misimian fortress Ttsakhar from the era of late antiquity, but a monument of the medieval history of the Abkhazian kingdom, which still requires its detailed study.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131712583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMMIGRATION OF DAGESTANIS TO THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE DURING THE CAUCASIAN WAR (1820S–1850S)","authors":"G. Chochiev","doi":"10.32653/ch1155-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch1155-66","url":null,"abstract":"Long before the beginning of the mass exodus of representatives of the mountain peoples to the Ottoman Empire at the turn of the 1850s–1860s, there were episodic group and individual migrations of North Caucasians, including Dagestanis, to the Sultan’s possessions, directly or indirectly caused by Russian military-political expansion in the region. In particular, at a fairly early stage of the Caucasian War the Ottoman state became attractive as a place of emigration for some members of the Dagestan elite involved in the confrontation with the Russian forces, due not only to the current international-political situation, but also to the long-standing ties of many khanates and jamaats with Istanbul and the corresponding expectations for a favorable reception. A noticeable category of migrants was also made up of persons of clergy, who enjoyed the special care of the Porte and included both purely religious immigrants who aspired to settle in the Hijaz and other Muslim centers of the empire, and Sufi communities presumably involved in the resistance movement in the Caucasus with certain revanchist aspirations in relation to their abandoned homeland. From the beginning of the 1850s, agrarian (peasant) groups came to the fore among the Dagestan muhajirs, usually led by the ulemas, but often settled by the authorities separately from them in rural areas with limited material assistance. Despite the trend towards a gradual increase during the period under review of the influx of Dagestanis into Ottoman territory, the total number of immigrants hardly exceeded 1–2 thousand people settled in the cities and villages of Anatolia, the Arab provinces and the Balkans. This article, based mainly on Turkish archival sources, reveals the facts of immigration of people of Dagestani origin that took place against the backdrop of the ongoing Caucasian War, the main areas of their settlement and some features of the Porte’s policy for their reception and adaptation.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133113185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NUZAL MEDIEVAL BURIAL (ALAGIR GORGE, NORTH OSSETIA): RESULTS OF CRANIOLOGICAL RESEARCH","authors":"S.Yu. Frizen, Konstantin A. Krutogolovenko, Anna D. Salnikova","doi":"10.32653/ch11188-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch11188-206","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the results of the study of craniological materials from the Nuzalsky medieval soil burial ground located in the Alagir Gorge of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and fully excavated in 2020. 213 individuals were studied, the craniological series included 18 male and 9 female skulls, the individual data of which are given in the tables. The series cannot be called homogeneous, but it is not possible to single out any definite morphological variants in it. For intergroup comparison, the following were used: series from the burial grounds of the early and medieval Alanian culture, the medieval population from the crypts of the mountainous Ingushetia and the crypts of Tsoi-Pede, and the combined series of Irons, Digors and Tuals. Based on the results of the intergroup comparison, a conclusion is made about the formation of the studied population on the basis of the Alanian and mountainous components. We also collected materials for the study of paleoDNA. In the future, the results of the study are expected to be compared with the results of whole genome sequencing of samples from a number of sites, which will allow DNA methods to assess the ratio of the contribution of the mountain and Alan populations to the gene pool of the Nuzala population.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123940442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISLAMIC CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL SOCIETIES, \u0000PRINTING HOUSES, NATIONAL PRESS AND MUSLIM ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE XX CENTURY","authors":"Amir R. Navruzov","doi":"10.32653/ch1167-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch1167-83","url":null,"abstract":"The question of the origin and history of the development of the Muslim enlightenment of the North Caucasus in the first third of the 20th century has not been developed in the literature at all, there are almost no works on this topic, sources in the Eastern and Dagestan languages ​​have not been studied and introduced into scientific circulation. This article is an attempt to fill this gap to some extent. Creation in 1903 The Islamic printing house of M. Mavraev in Temir-Khan-Shura marked the beginning of the mass publication of printed materials of an educational orientation in Arabic and Dagestan languages ​​using Arabic graphics. The role of the cultural and educational societies of Dagestan, created during this period at the expense of the money of jamaats and sadak (donations), zakat, wills, waqfs, is enormous. The press in Arabic and national languages, which contributed to the enlightenment of the Dagestan peoples and the development of national languages ​​and cultures, was of inestimable importance for the promotion of Islamic educational ideas and the formation of public opinion. In the first third of the 20th century, groups of like-minded people formed in the region, united by the idea of ​​reviving the values ​​of Islam among the peoples of the North Caucasus. We can name among them such names as Ali Kayaev, Abusufyan Akaev, Muhammadmirza Mavraev, Badavi Saidov, Muhammad Dibirov, Seifulla-kadi Bashlarov, editorial boards of newspapers in the Dagestan languages: Avar, Lak, Kumyk, as well as many other Muslim educators who collaborated in these publications. All these factors together gave a powerful impetus to the formation and development of Muslim enlightenment in the North Caucasus in the first third of the 20th century.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126306667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENEALOGY OF THE AKUSHIN QADIS IN THE LIGHT OF NEWLY SOURCES","authors":"T. Aitberov, B. G. Aliev","doi":"10.32653/ch1118-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch1118-38","url":null,"abstract":"The article introduces new epigraphic Arabic-language sources on the history of Akusha, revealed among the genealogical records and colophons of manuscripts. The new sources substantially supplement the information about the qadis of Akusha, and in some cases make it possible to radically revise the existing scientific ideas about the genealogical ties of the qadis of Akusha-Dargo. In the second half of the 19th century, an officer of the tsarist army A.V. Komarov was the first to suggest the existence in certain territories of Dagestan of the institution of hereditary qadis, who either had already became qadi-emirs, “spiritual princes”, or had a tendency to turn into such. He localized the presence of such an institution in the northern part of Tabasaran, which adjoined Derbent from the west, and in the Akusha union of communities. In 1986, one of the authors of this article, B.G. Aliev, compiled a list of Akushin qadis on the basis of Russian sources, A.R. Shikhsaidov’s works and field material. For several decades, this list has been of great help in the study of the political history of the region. In the light of new data, the authors raise questions regarding the chronology of the Akushin qadis in power and question the information of A.V. Komarov. The authors introduce new data on the chronology of Akushin qadis’ stay in power, on the existence of the institution of hereditary of Akushin qadis in the 17th – early 19th centuries, in the inheritance of the mentioned title within one Akushin clan, and even more so, within one family. The authors admit that by the middle of the 18th century there was a tendency among the qadis of Akusha to turn into the likeness of the qadis-princes of Northern Tabasaran, but the “Dargin” elite of the late 18th century did not approve it. The article provides general information about Akusha, a detailed historiography of the issue of Akushin qadis, a review of new sources and the conclusions of the authors. When writing this article, a comparative method was applied.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132669909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MICROBIOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DETECTION OF FAT IN RITUAL VESSELS FROM ANCIENT BURIALS","authors":"N. Kashirskaya, E. Chernysheva","doi":"10.32653/ch11150-172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch11150-172","url":null,"abstract":"Lipolytic bacteria are practically not detected in ordinary soils, but their number can increase significantly if fats enter the soil. To identify the initial presence of fats in the composition of ritual food, an assessment of the number of lipolytic bacteria in the soils of 64 vessels from the burials of the Early Medieval time of the North Caucasus was carried out. Microbiological analyses were conducted in samples from the bottom layer of vessels filling. Samples from the upper filling layer were used as a control. It was found that in 55 vessels the number of lipolytic bacteria in the bottom layer did not exceed the control level and was 4 – 20 times lower than in the control modern chernozem soil. In 9 vessels with the presumed presence of fat, the number of lipolytic microorganisms in the bottom layers was 3 – 155 times higher than in the upper layers. In most cases, fats were detected in small vessels – mugs, bowls and small jugs. In a model experiment on the introduction of vegetable and animal fats into the chernozem soil in the amount of 5% of the soil mass, the increase in the number of lipolytic bacteria varied 2 – 7 times compared to the control. The proposed method of detecting the initial presence of fat-containing food allows, due to its simplicity and accessibility, to conduct mass analyses of soil from burial vessels to obtain ideas about the use of fatty foods in the funeral rite of various cultures.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126222664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE ISSUE OF DEPORTATION OF THE PEOPLES OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS TO KAZAKH SSR IN THE YEARS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ACCORDING TO KAZAKH ARCHIVES)","authors":"B. G. Ayagan","doi":"10.32653/ch1184-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch1184-97","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to collect and systemize the data of the Kazakh archives on placement, keeping and features of the stay of the deported peoples of the North Caucasus on the territory of Kazakhstan. The author limited the scope of research to residents of the republics of the North Caucasus, since the largest number of deportations were from Karachay-Cherkessia and Chechen-Ingushetia republics. Consideration of all aspects of the deportation of Crimean Tatars, Greeks from the Crimean Autonomous Republic, Meskhetian Turks, Khemshins from Georgia requires separate research. The object of the author’s research was the issues of deportation, accommodation and keep of the peoples of the North Caucasus in 1944 to Kazakhstan. On the basis of a scientific analysis of the materials of a number of archival documents – various resolutions, directives, certificates, reports, the author traces the processes of resettlement and control over the arriving representatives of the deported peoples. The resettled families were specially distributed by the authorities to various regions of the vast territory of the republic. A considerable number of deportees ended up in political camps set up at factories, or were sent to build complex engineering structures. When conducting a scientific analysis, the author of the article used data from documents from Kazakhstani archives and collections of documents on the subject. As the main materials of the study, party documents, directives of the NKVD bodies, materials from the archives of the Prosecutor General’s Office, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the KNB of the Republic of Kazakhstan were involved. The author reveals that the very Stalinist policy of deportation of peoples was carried out on the basis of the narrow framework of party instructions of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. All these resolutions and instructions are found everywhere in investigation cases or indictments found by the author in archival funds. The main results of the study are the identification of valuable documentary information on such issues as the definition of the regions of Kazakhstan involved in the resettlement process, indicating the number of resettled, the conditions of detention and adaptation of the deported.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122341793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Janet Afary and Kamran Afary MOLLĀ NASREDDIN The making of a modern trickster (1906–1911), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2022.","authors":"N. Gozalova","doi":"10.32653/ch11241-245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch11241-245","url":null,"abstract":"The legendary satirical magazine \"Molla Nasreddin\" was founded by the famous Azerbaijani educator and writer Jalil Mammadguluzade in 1906 and in a short time became a significant social and political event in the life of the countries of the Muslim East. Sharp satirical poems, articles and cartoons in a short time made the magazine the most popular publication, influencing the thinking of an entire generation. Reformation, the struggle against despotism, the struggle for the civil and political rights of women, education issues are only a small part of the problems raised in this first satirical magazine in the Middle East. The magazine also played an important role in the fact that in 1919 the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was the first in the entire Muslim East to grant women the right to participate in elections. Despite strict censorship and prohibitions, the magazine continued to be published until 1931.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127879160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF CONSERVATION OF ABANDONED BUILDINGS AMONG THE TRIBES OF THE MAYKOP-NOVOSVOBODNENSKAYA COMMUNITY (ON THE MATERIALS OF NOVOTITAROVSKOYE-14 AND TUZLA-15 SETTLEMENTS)","authors":"S. Korenevskiy","doi":"10.32653/ch11123-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch11123-149","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to introduce the material on the new Maykop settlement Novotitarovskoye-14 and, to provide the description according to archaeological data of the conservation of the Maykop semi-dugout pits, as well as to discuss the construction of a portable hearth at the settlement Novotitarovskoye-14. The materials are compared with the finds at the Maykop settlement Tuzla-15. The methodology involves the description of the source, the analysis of finds and analogies, the definition of cultural affiliation and chronology. The article also provides the results of radiocarbon dating of materials from the Tuzla-15 settlement and osteological analysis of materials from Kurgan 12 of the Novotitarovskoye-14 group and the Tuzla-15 settlement. The Novotitarovskoye-14 settlement was discovered in 2014 by N.F. Shevchenko, the Tuzla-15 settlement was excavated by S.N. Korenevsky in 2012-2015 and described in a monograph. On both settlements, semi-dugout pits filled with pottery shards, animal bones and small tools in the form of pebbles, fragments of grain grinders were uncovered. At the settlement of Novotitarovskoye-14, the adobe furnace hearth, as well as a large fragment of the brazier were recorded. These findings prove that the Maykop population might have used portable hearths, which were lit outside their buildings. In both settlements, in the filling of abandoned buildings, a layer of ash from a fire that burned outside was recorded. The analysis of osteological findings clearly reflects that the majority of bones belong to large and small cattle. Single horse bones were found at Novotitarovskoye-14 settlement. The settlement of Novotitaroovskoye-14 belongs to the Maykop variant of the Maykop-Novosvobodnenskaya community, and the settlement of Tuzla-15 belongs to the similar Psekup variant of the Maykop-Novosvobodnenskaya community. The date of the first settlement cannot be determined precisely within the framework of the existence of the Maykop sites. The date of settlement of Tuzla-15 belongs to the final stage of the Maykop-Novosvobodnenskaya community.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130312500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEWLY FOUND MIDDLE PERSIAN INSCRIPTIONS \u0000OF ĀMĀRGAR DARIUŠ IN DERBENT","authors":"M. Gadjiev, Alexey N. Duntsov","doi":"10.32653/ch11173-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch11173-187","url":null,"abstract":"Until recently, 32 Middle Persian inscriptions documenting the construction of the Derbent defensive complex and dating from the very end of the 560s. AD were known. Now the construction Middle Persian inscriptions of Derbent has been replenished with two more inscriptions - No. 33 and No. 34, opened by the authors in 2016 and 2021, respectively. Inscription No. 33 is located between towers 18 and 19 of the northern city defensive wall in the central part of the curtain, at a height of 1.5 m. It has poor preservation. But, nevertheless, its text is restored from the preserved fragments of letters and by analogy with other inscriptions similar in content. The inscription is three-line, vertical. Reconstructible text: [Da]r[iuš ī] Ā[durbādagān] ām[ārgar]. Inscription No. 34 is located between towers 14 and 15 of the northern wall, at a height of 2.15-2.6 m. The inscription is vertical, three-line, separate letters and parts of letters are preserved, and its text is reconstructed according to the surviving letters and analogies with other inscriptions. Its text reads: Dari[u]š ī [Ādurbādag]ān ām[ā]rgar. \u0000Both inscriptions are composed on behalf of the āmārgar – a high official, chief financier and tax inspector of the vast Adurbadagan area, which during the reign of Shahanshah Khosrow I Anushirvan (531-579) included not only Adurbadagan proper, but all the Caucasian possessions of Sasanian Iran up to Derbent. The newly discovered inscriptions No. 33 and No. 34 belong to the subgroup b, group 1 of the Middle Persian inscriptions of Derbent, which represents the inscriptions of āmārgar Dariush. Now 19 (out of 34) inscriptions compiled on his behalf are already known, and all of them are carved on the northern wall of the city, where a total of 24 inscriptions are located.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130325678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}