Vienna Yearbook of Population Research最新文献_第2页

Implementing youth-oriented policies: A remedy for depopulation in rural regions? 实施青年导向政策:解决农村人口减少问题的良方?

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1553/p-2j6h-94ja

Martina Schorn

{"title":"Implementing youth-oriented policies: A remedy for depopulation in rural regions?","authors":"Martina Schorn","doi":"10.1553/p-2j6h-94ja","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/p-2j6h-94ja","url":null,"abstract":"The depopulation of rural areas has received increasing attention in recent years, both in scientific discourses and in policy-making. One main factor contributing to this rural shrinkage is the out-migration of the rural population. In particular, young and well-educated people have been leaving rural areas and moving to urban agglomerations. While the drivers as well as the consequences of out-migration have been well researched, less is known about measures to counteract youth outmigration as one of the main drivers of depopulation. Based on a comparative case study conducted in four rural regions affected by youth out-migration in Austria and Germany, this paper discusses policy measures that are specifically targeted at influencing young people’s migration aspirations. In addition, the effects of these measures on rural youth migration are analysed. After implementing measures that take the needs of young people into consideration, all four case study regions started to experience a decrease in their negative youth migration balance. This was mainly due to an increase in in-migration, while youth out-migration rates remained stable. However, these developments follow the general trend of rural youth migration in Austria and Germany in recent years. Thus, more research is needed to evaluate the actual impact of youth-oriented measures. This paper introduces the “youth-oriented regional development” approach, and highlights perspectives for future research on policies aimed at mitigating the challenges facing rural regions that are experiencing depopulation.","PeriodicalId":34968,"journal":{"name":"Vienna Yearbook of Population Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48853328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depopulation in Moldova: The main challenge in the context of extremly high emigration 摩尔多瓦人口减少：移民人数极高背景下的主要挑战

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1553/p-ke2z-76zz

Olga Gagauz, Tatiana Tabac, I. Pahomii

{"title":"Depopulation in Moldova: The main challenge in the context of extremly high emigration","authors":"Olga Gagauz, Tatiana Tabac, I. Pahomii","doi":"10.1553/p-ke2z-76zz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/p-ke2z-76zz","url":null,"abstract":"In Moldova, there has been a long-term decline in the population, mainly due to high levels of emigration. The article presents an analysis of population dynamics in Moldova over the last three decades, and estimates the contributions of fertility, mortality and migration to this process. Using population censuses, data on the population with usual residence, vital statistics and data on Moldovan immigrants from the host countries’ statistical institutes,we estimate population changes between 1991–2021, and present demographic projections up to 2040. The results show that migration outflows account for more than 90% of the depopulation trend, with high levels of premature mortality accelerating the natural decline. The fall in births is associated with a decrease in the reproductive-age population. The total fertility rate has been decreasing gradually, while the cohort fertility rates have not fallen below 1.75 live births per woman. Past migration and low fertility are projected to result in long-term population decline. Demographic ageing is expected to increase. While population decline cannot be stopped, its scale can be limited through reductions in emigration and mortality. This study on population decline in Moldova helps to complete the demographic picture of Europe in the 20th century and into the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":34968,"journal":{"name":"Vienna Yearbook of Population Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47283636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How much would reduced emigration mitigate ageing in Norway? 减少移民会在多大程度上缓解挪威的老龄化？

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1553/p-g5fe-hafz

Marianne Tønnessen, A. Syse

引用次数: 0

Population decline will likely become a global trend and benefit long-term human wellbeing 人口下降可能成为全球趋势，并有利于人类的长期福祉

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1553/p-3cp7-4e6b

W. Lutz

引用次数: 0

Neighbourhood effects and determinants of population changes in Italy: A spatial perspective 意大利人口变化的邻里效应和决定因素：空间视角

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.1553/p-5dfz-c44a

F. Benassi, A. Busetta, G. Gallo, M. Stranges

{"title":"Neighbourhood effects and determinants of population changes in Italy: A spatial perspective","authors":"F. Benassi, A. Busetta, G. Gallo, M. Stranges","doi":"10.1553/p-5dfz-c44a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/p-5dfz-c44a","url":null,"abstract":"Population trends in Italy are strongly spatially differentiated, with some munic- ipalities showing a systematic loss of population, and others showing an equally continuous demographic increase. Here, we focus our attention on the spatial dimension of population change, looking at how different socio-economic and demographic dimensions affect population changes, as well as their spatial effects. After performing a preliminary descriptive analysis of the trends of population growth and decline in Italy over the last 40 years and the relevant demographic components, we used a spatial Durbin model (SDM) to investigate the potential existence of a diffusion process and the determinants of the average annual growth rate between 2011 and 2019 at the municipal level. The spatial dimension and local heterogeneities in Italy were found to be highly relevant in the analysis of population decline. Moreover, we examined the relationship between demographic, social and economic factors and the demographic growth/decline of municipalities in the subsequent 10 years. Among the different covariates included in the model, the demographic composition of the population, the female activity rate, the youth employment rate and the presence/absence of a school proved to be strongly related to population growth and decline in Italian municipalities.","PeriodicalId":34968,"journal":{"name":"Vienna Yearbook of Population Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49337760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The triple burden of depopulation in Ukraine: examining perceptions of population decline 乌克兰人口减少的三重负担：考察对人口下降的看法

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.1553/p-azcj-d4f4

Brienna Perelli-Harris, Y. Hilevych

引用次数: 0

Is Spanish depopulation irreversible? Recent demographic and spatial changes in small municipalities 西班牙人口减少是不可逆转的吗?小城市最近的人口和空间变化

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.1553/p-9fd9-h7g5

Fernando Gil-Alonso, Jordi Bayona‐i‐Carrasco, Isabel Pujadas-Rúbies

{"title":"Is Spanish depopulation irreversible? Recent demographic and spatial changes in small municipalities","authors":"Fernando Gil-Alonso, Jordi Bayona‐i‐Carrasco, Isabel Pujadas-Rúbies","doi":"10.1553/p-9fd9-h7g5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/p-9fd9-h7g5","url":null,"abstract":"Many small Spanish municipalities (those with less than 2000 inhabitants) experienced population growth during the first decade of the 21st century due to a large influx of foreign immigrants. However, the Great Recession put an end to this trend. The first aim of this paper is to analyse the demographic impact of the new phase of economic growth – known as the “post-crisis” period (2014–2020) – on small Spanish municipalities. The second aim is to carry out an initial analysis of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis on the growth of these municipalities. The results of a nine-category typology show that during the post-crisis period, the vast majority of villages continued to depopulate, while a minority gained population or had stagnant population figures. The Covid-19 pandemic represented a turning point, with small municipalities as a whole starting to grow again. However, the population did not increase in all categories of villages or in all regions of rural Spain. The results for both periods (post-crisis and Covid-19 pandemic) highlight the growing importance of migration to demographic change in the smallest municipalities.","PeriodicalId":34968,"journal":{"name":"Vienna Yearbook of Population Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49279217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the impact of urban shrinkage on residential segregation in European cities 重新审视城市收缩对欧洲城市居住隔离的影响

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.1553/p-dbj3-mjda

David Huntington

引用次数: 0

Like high cholesterol, population decline is a problem, but not in the way you might think... 像高胆固醇一样，人口下降也是一个问题，但不是你想象的那样……

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1553/p-jm9f-3jdm

W. Sigle

引用次数: 0

Depopulation or population decline? Demographic nightmares and imaginaries 人口减少还是人口减少？人口噩梦和想象

Vienna Yearbook of Population Research Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.1553/p-ak37-74ha

Stuart A. Gietel-Basten

{"title":"Depopulation or population decline? Demographic nightmares and imaginaries","authors":"Stuart A. Gietel-Basten","doi":"10.1553/p-ak37-74ha","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/p-ak37-74ha","url":null,"abstract":"Scientists are well aware of the major social, economic and cultural challenges brought about by population decline. However, we can often underestimate the more extreme interpretations of both the causes and the consequences of population decline in the popular discourse. In this commentary, I explore some of these toxic narratives, and speculate about how they may be linked to what appears to be a prevailing populist/ethno-nationalist view of population grounded in political tropes, rather than in scientific reality. Using Armitage’s (2021) concept of “demographic imaginaries”, I argue that much of this public discourse serves several vital purposes: to try to simplify a complex issue; to try to “unify”; to try to blame and scapegoat; and, ultimately, to try to negate the obligation to make tough, complex political and policy decisions. I also argue that scientists working in the field of population decline need to be more aware of these tropes, and should make more active efforts to ground the discourse of population decline in science and reality. I conclude that a bottom-up approach to responding to population decline may be the most fruitful avenue for progress in the future.","PeriodicalId":34968,"journal":{"name":"Vienna Yearbook of Population Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41913858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0