Environmental Challenges最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative microbial risk assessment for drinking water intake threat prioritization: a comparison of vulnerability and threat assessment according to source water protection regulations of two Canadian provinces","authors":"Milad Taghipour ,&nbsp;Émile Sylvestre ,&nbsp;Ahmad Shakibaeinia ,&nbsp;Samira Tolouei ,&nbsp;Raja Kammoun ,&nbsp;Michèle Prévost ,&nbsp;Sarah Dorner","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Source Water Protection in Canada is regulated primarily by provincial governments, leading to a variety of approaches for characterizing threats to drinking water. This paper compares the key elements of vulnerability and threat assessments for microbial contaminants for two Canadian provinces. Drinking water intakes of two municipalities in Quebec and Ontario, Canada, located on opposite sides of a large transboundary river impacted by Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) discharges were used as a case study to evaluate the two provincial approaches. Québec’s vulnerability classification for microbial contaminants is data driven based on regulatory monitoring (concentrations of <em>Escherichia coli</em>) at the drinking water intake) while that of Ontario’s is model driven and dependent on the physical and hydraulic characteristics of zones around an intake. To establish a quantitative criterion to compare these two threat assessment frameworks, the impacts of a series of CSO events upstream of the drinking water intakes were simulated using a calibrated hydrodynamic and water quality model. Corresponding enteric pathogen concentrations in the intakes were estimated and used as input for Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) to calculate treatment requirement levels to meet human health targets. Unlike Ontario’s threat assessment approach, Quebec’s approach provides an opportunity to investigate the effectiveness of risk reduction strategies such as an adjustment of the frequency of CSO events or corrective actions to improve treatment. Considering the influence of CSO events on log removal requirements to remain compliant with human health targets permitted the differentiation of CSO risk levels for threat prioritization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and oxidative potential of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in urban parks of Bangkok, Thailand: Implication for public health","authors":"Phailin Thaveevong ,&nbsp;Mushtaq Ahmad ,&nbsp;Sirima Panyametheekul ,&nbsp;Tassanee Chetwittayachan ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PM_2.5 poses serious health risks, worsening respiratory and cardiovascular conditions and increasing chronic disease risk. Weather conditions and emission sources affect their composition. PM_2.5 samples are collected from Lumphini and Thonburirom Parks in Bangkok from January 30 to February 8, 2024, and analysed its chemical components and the oxidative potential (OP) using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. A correlation analysis was conducted to assess the contributions of PM_2.5 components to and its OP in both parks. The enrichment factor and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to identify potential sources, while multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis quantified their contributions. Additionally, the study investigates the cancer and non-cancer risks associated with heavy metals. Lumphini Park has a mean PM_2.5 concentration slightly higher than Thonburirom Park. Both parks show a higher concentration of organic carbon (OC) in their PM_2.5 levels. Additionally, Thonburirom Park exhibits a higher volume-normalized OP (DTT_v) of PM_2.5 than Lumphini Park, suggesting that inhaling PM_2.5 may induce redox activity and oxidative stress. In Lumphini Park, DTT_v strongly correlate with OC, elemental carbon (EC), and metals, while in Thonburirom Park, it correlates with metals and secondary organic carbon (SOC). PCA identifies primary sources of PM_2.5 as mixed combustion sources (including vehicle emissions and biomass burning), industrial emissions, secondary aerosol (SA) formation, and road dust resuspension. The MLR analysis indicates that mixed combustion sources dominate PM_2.5 concentration in Lumphini Park, while Thonburirom Park is primarily affected by industrial emissions and SA formation. Cr is notably enriched in both parks, indicating significant anthropogenic sources. Furthermore, both parks exceed the acceptable cancer risk threshold of 1 × 10⁻⁶ for Cr, indicating an increased cancer risk for adults and children. This study presents the first-ever analysis of OP of PM_2.5 and its potential sources in urban parks of Bangkok. Average PM_2.5 concentration in both parks exceed WHO standards but remain within Pollution Control Department (PCD) thresholds. Notably, the DTT activity of PM_2.5 is higher in Thonburirom Park than in Lumphini Park. Further studies are required to identify PM_2.5 and its OP sources using more advance receptor models. Additionally, it is important to extend such studies across Southeast Asia to support long-term air quality monitoring efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing habitat suitability models for the endangered plant species Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian using management data: Application of Bayesian belief network","authors":"Seyed Mohammad-Reza Abolmaali,&nbsp;Hossein Bashari,&nbsp;Mostafa Tarkesh","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation of endangered species is very important for maintaining native biodiversity. Management priorities, like climate change, is effective in the distribution of endangered species. To develop effective management and conservation strategies for the future, it is necessary to understand the current species potential distributions. However, for most species, few data are available on their current distributions, let alone on projected future distributions. Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian is an endemic perennial and medicinal forb species. The evaluation of <em>K. odoratissima</em>'s conservation status places it within the Endangered (EN) category according to the IUCN classification. We demonstrated the benefits of Bayesian Belief Networks (BBNs) for predicting the distribution of endangered and medicinal <em>K. odoratissima</em> species using expert opinion. An influence diagram was developed to recognize the important factors influencing habitat suitability <em>K. odoratissima</em>, and it was populated with probabilities to produce a BBNs model. The behavior of the model was examined using sensitivity analysis. Environmental suitability, management condition, climate suitability, utilization time and levels were identified as the main variables influencing habitat suitability of <em>K. odoratissima</em>. The generated BBNs model had good accuracy because the ROC area under the curve was 0.918. We aim to demonstrate the ability of this approach to integrate field studies with expert knowledge, especially when empirical data are lacking. The BBNs model excels at illustrating species-habitat relationships and rapidly estimating habitat suitability, serving as a valuable tool for conservationists and decision-makers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the environmental performance of palm oil industry through the utilization of empty oil palm bunches as organic fertilizer and biochar for soil amendment","authors":"Faradillah Raynita Yusuf ,&nbsp;Suprihatin Suprihatin ,&nbsp;Nastiti Siswi Indrasti","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The palm oil industry plays a very important role in the Indonesian economy, as it contributes significantly to state revenue and employment. However, this industry also faces serious challenges related to its environmental impacts. Intensive crude palm oil (CPO) produces various forms of waste in large quantities, such as solid, gas, and liquid waste, which pollute the environment if not managed properly. One of the main wastes from the CPO industry is empty fruit bunches (EFB), which amount to around 23–28 % of the fresh fruit processed. This study aims to analyze the environmental impacts of palm oil mills using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach and evaluate the potential for improvements by utilizing EFB as base material for organic fertilizer and biochar as a soil amendment. The research was conducted at three palm oil mills in Indonesia. Data processing uses OpenLCA software version 2.3 combined with the Ecoinvent 3.9.1 database. The results of the study indicate that the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions comes from the use of synthetic fertilizers. The use of synthetic fertilizers can be reduced significantly by applying organic fertilizers and biochar produced from EFB. On average, the use of synthetic fertilizers per hectare can be reduced by using organic fertilizers or biochar by approximately 75.27 % and 34.85 % respectively. As a result, synthetic fertilizer input costs and the greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquaculture-related livelihood changes due to climate and non-climate stressors and well-being of residents in coastal communities","authors":"Piyapong Janmaimool ,&nbsp;Siriphan Nunsunanon ,&nbsp;Thamma-aphiphol Kriengsak","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to analyze the changes in aquaculture-related livelihoods due to environmental changes that have occurred over the past 57 years in the coastal communities of Bang Khun Thian District, Bangkok, Thailand. Additionally, the study sought to evaluate the well-being of residents currently residing in these coastal communities and its significant determinants. The study employed mixed methods. In-depth interviews with six community leaders and twelve residents, along with documentary reviews, were conducted to analyze the process of aquaculture-related livelihood changes. Subsequently, questionnaire surveys with 177 residents were administered in July 2024. Chronological analysis based on documentary reviews and in-depth interviews was conducted to examine changes in livelihood strategies over time, from 1967 to the present (2024). Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to test the association between residents’ well-being and relevant factors, including livelihood-related variables, socio-demographic characteristics, and individual resilience to undesirable events. The results demonstrated that, due to changes in environmental quality (e.g., contaminated water resources, soil pollution, the introduction of invasive species, and loss of mangrove forests) and the occurrence of environmental hazards (e.g., heavy rainfall, high water temperatures, sea-level rise, and land erosion), communities’ natural assets deteriorated. Several households shifted their livelihood strategies from pure aquaculture to partial aquaculture or non-aquaculture livelihoods. Some households maintained pure aquaculture livelihoods by adopting adaptation strategies in aquaculture practices but were largely unsuccessful in coping with environmental hazards. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that residents with pure aquaculture livelihoods were more likely to experience low levels of well-being. Furthermore, low well-being was also associated with larger family sizes, low household incomes, and low levels of financial, environmental, and social resilience to undesirable shocks. Therefore, it could be suggested that, amid environmental crises in the area, livelihood diversification is essential for pure-fishery households, particularly those with larger family sizes. Building financial, social, and environmental resilience should also be promoted to enhance residents’ well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maintaining microbial and chemical quality in Australian rainwater tanks: Insights and global advancements","authors":"Emma Zanotto ,&nbsp;Lalantha Senevirathna","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of rainwater tanks for potable purposes is increasing across rural and urban areas in Australia, driven by the challenges of a changing climate and the associated variability in rainfall patterns. These conditions exacerbate water insecurity and leave many Australians reliant on self-sourced, unregulated drinking water supplies. However, this shift introduces significant challenges in maintaining microbial and chemical water quality. This study conducted a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR framework to identify and address these challenges in rainwater harvesting and reuse systems in Australia. Key findings highlight the impacts of prolonged dry periods, sludge disturbance, catchment and tank materials, and insufficient maintenance practices, particularly in the aftermath of the Millennium Drought. Global advancements in rainwater collection, storage, and treatment technologies were reviewed, with actionable recommendations for application in regional Australia. Emerging opportunities include sediment management optimization and the integration of internet or artificial intelligence-based technologies to enhance tank operation and maintenance. Additionally, public education and awareness are emphasized as essential for improving water quality and public health outcomes. This study provides a pathway for advancing the resilience and efficiency of rainwater systems, supporting their sustainable use in Australia’s evolving climate context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of smart green tourism technologies in shaping tourist intentions: Balancing authenticity and sustainability in natural tourism","authors":"Sureerut Inmor ,&nbsp;Khahan Na-Nan ,&nbsp;Kanakarn Phanniphong ,&nbsp;Nutt Jaturat ,&nbsp;Matěj Kůstka","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses a critical gap in understanding how smart green tourism technologies (SGTT) shape tourist intentions in natural tourism settings by integrating Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Unlike previous research that primarily examines SGTT in urban tourism, this study uniquely investigates its application in diverse natural tourism contexts. Grounded in these two theoretical perspectives, the research explores the extent to which smart technologies influence tourists' revisit intentions, recommendations, and the intention to buy local products, with particular attention to the differential effects of each smart tourism component. The study addresses the theoretical gap regarding the extent to which smart technologies enhance or detract from the authenticity of natural tourism experiences, while also promoting sustainable behaviors. Furthermore, this research contributes to the debate on the paradox of technology in tourism by examining how the introduction of SGTT can either enhance or undermine authenticity. By differentiating between the roles of STH, STE, and STS, the study provides empirical insights into how different types of smart tourism technologies—particularly service-based platforms— may influence sustainable choices while preserving or challenging perceived authenticity. Using a sample of 400 tourists in Thailand, the research employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the relationships between natural tourism types, smart technologies, and tourist intentions. The findings reveal that while Smart Tourism Services (STS) significantly enhance tourist intentions, Smart Tourism Hubs (STH) and Smart Tourism Experiences (STE) demonstrate more limited or non-significant influence, suggesting their impact may depend heavily on context and user expectations. This nuanced perspective advances theoretical discourse by demonstrating that different smart tourism technologies yield varying levels of influence on tourist behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 101171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the impact mechanism of digital economy spatial network on regional carbon footprint","authors":"Xuezhi Liu,&nbsp;Siyu Wu,&nbsp;Tong Yue,&nbsp;Wendai Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study utilizes panel data from 30 Chinese provinces for 2013–2021 and constructs a modified gravity model to quantitatively assess regional digital economy connections. We explore how the characteristics of the digital economy spatial network (Hereinafter referred to as “DESN”), including its node centrality, affect regional carbon footprints (Hereinafter referred to as “CF”). The results indicate: (1) the development of DESN can significantly reduce regional CF, and this conclusion remains valid after various robustness tests; (2) the effect of DECN on regional CF varies depending on the differences in resource endowments between provinces, whether the province is located along the Yangtze River Economic Belt (Hereinafter referred to as “YREB”), and the constraints of local government environmental governance targets; and (3) the DESN can effectively reduce regional CF through green technology innovation (Hereinafter referred to as “GTI”), upgrading industry structure (Hereinafter referred to as “IS”), optimizing energy structure (Hereinafter referred to as “ES”), lowering energy consumption (Hereinafter referred to as “EC”), and improving marketization levels (Hereinafter referred to as “ML”), according to mechanism tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A decadal analysis of demographic, economic, and environmental trends in East Africa: Insights for advancing sustainable development Goal 12","authors":"Birhanu Chalchisa Werku ,&nbsp;Teferi Tolera Engura ,&nbsp;Fenet Belay Daba","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature, life on the planet should become a common cause for all countries and people<em>. The study assess the complex links between environmental factors, economic indicators, and population dynamics in East Africa under the title panel data analysis of demographic, economic, and environmental trends in East Africa: insights for achieving SDG 12 from 2014 to 2023. By systematically assessing demographic, economic, and environmental trends, the main objective is to offer insights that support Sustainable Development Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Using a panel dataset with 90 observations of key parameters, the results show an average loss of natural resources of 8.9 %, corresponding to a population growth rate of 2.35 % each year. Despite the regions 4.24 % average GDP growth, remarkably differences underscore the difficulties in managing resources sustainably. Important climatic variables that affect agricultural production and resource availability include temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and forest area. Effective farming methods are demonstrated by the average cereal production of 1,902.9 kg per hectare, for example; yet, agricultural resilience is at risk from rising temperatures and fluctuating humidity levels. The average CO₂ emissions are 6,329.6 kt according to the study, which uses econometric models to evaluate the correlations between these factors. Furthermore, the link between emissions and resource depletion suggests that coordinated strategies are required to lessen the effects of climate change. Furthermore, water productivity which averages 43.97 USD per cubic meter is essential for striking a balance between environmental practices and economic growth. These results urge made-to-order policymaking to address the distinct economic and environmental issues that each country in the region faces.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological dilemma: Invasive Gliricidia sepium improves carbon sequestration but decline diversity during secondary succession in tropical dry deciduous forest communities of Central India","authors":"Pranab Kumar Pati,&nbsp;Priya Kaushik,&nbsp;Mohammed Latif Khan,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar Khare","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envc.2025.101186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive species, the ecosystem engineers can act as one of the important solutions to curtail the negative impacts of climate change by rapidly sequestering CO₂ in forests, due to their higher production function capability and survivability under extreme environmental conditions and/or nutrient poor soil. Assessment of their impacts on ecosystems, particularly in secondary forests could provide valuable insights on their usability in restoration programs during the present decade of ecosystem restoration. In the present study, we have assessed the impacts of invasive <em>Gliricidia sepium</em> on carbon sequestration rate and biodiversity during the secondary succession in forest communities by conducting field investigations in <em>Gliricidia</em> invaded and uninvaded secondary forests. Results of the present study showed that invaded forest community was significantly higher in stem density (1059.2 ± 37.94 individuals/ha), total biomass (94.45±10.27 Mg/ha) and carbon sequestration rate (8.01±1.50 Mg C/ha/yr) as compared to the uninvaded forest community. In invaded forest community, <em>Gliricidia</em> alone contributed 56.99 % to total biomass which is significantly higher than the other dominant and codominant species. Structural equation modelling clearly indicated that <em>Gliricidia</em> invasion had impacted carbon sequestration rate both directly and indirectly; however, the latter was mediated by stem density. In the present study, we found that second-growth forests invaded by <em>Gliricidia</em> although quickly accumulated carbon, it impeded biodiversity. We suggest that the plantation of invasive species might create obstruction to achieve the goals of REDD+ and UN resolutions on ecosystem restoration. Further, occupation of vacant niches by inducting early successional natives might act as an important way for sustainable ecosystem restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}