Optometry & Contact Lenses最新文献

{"title":"Prüfung der Tränenfilmmessungen eines multifunktionalen Instrumentes","authors":"Heiko Pult","doi":"10.54352/dozv.bpxm2142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.bpxm2142","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The aim of this study was to test the measurements of the tear film stability and tear meniscus height of the Visio- nix 120+ (VX; Luneau Technology, Jerusalem, Israel). Material and Methods. In 24 volunteers (mean age = 37.42 ± 14.23 (standard deviation)), the tear film stability (V-NIBUT and V-NIBUT M) and the tear meniscus height (V-TMH) were determined with VX and the gold-standard, the “Tearscope” technique, of the right eyes (control; NIBUT and TMH). The symptoms were observed using the Ocular Disease Index-6 (OSDI-6). The methods were analysed with Cohen’s Kappa and intra-class correlation (ICC), the prediction probability with the Receiver-Operator-Characteristic-Curve (ROC). Results. The average OSDI-6 grade was 8.00 ± 5.75, the average tear film stability, measured with the VX, was 3.92 s ± 1.79 (V-NIBUT) and 7.36 s ± 1.67 (V-NIBUT M), the control was 10.57 s ± 6.84. The mean tear meniscus height, measured with the VX, was 0.31 mm ± 0.10, the control 0.31 mm ± 0.11. The Cohen’s Kappa analysis showed none to slight agree- ment between methods (V-NIBUT - NIBUT: Kappa -0.005, p = 0.708; V-NIBUT M – NIBUT: Kappa 0.035, p = 0.032; V-TMH - TMH: Kappa 0.06, p = 0.051). V-NIBUT to NIBUT gave an ICC of 0.167 (p = 0.332), V-NIBUT M to NIBUT gave 0.296 (p = 0,203) and V-TMH to TMH -0.192 (p = 0.661). While NIBUT was a significant discriminator of OSDI-6, this was not the case with V-NIBUT or V-NIBUT M (NIBUT: area under the ROC (AUC) = 0.832, p = 0.009; V-NIBUT: AUC = 0.547; p = 0.145; V-NIBUT M: AUC = 0.668, p = 0.127). Conclusion. The measurements of the VX differed signifi- cantly from the control measurements. Keywords tear film stability, NIBUT, tear meniscus height, OSDI-6, dry eye","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114438590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schnelle Progression zur poliferativen diabetischen Retinopathie","authors":"Matthew D. Bovenzi, Jerome Sherman, Sherry J. Bass","doi":"10.54352/dozv.pxzz4986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.pxzz4986","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. This case report illustrates rapid progression of diabetic retinopathy in a patient with poor compliance to diabetic management. It additionally demonstrates the utility of panoramic/ultra-wide field retinal imaging in assessing diabetic retinopathy progression. Material and Methods. A 42-year-old female patient was examined seven times over a 25 month period at a private ophthalmology/optometry practice with dilated fundus examinations. Fundus images were obtained using a pano- ramic/ultra-widefield laser retinal imager. Fluorescein angio- graphy (FA) was performed to assess for diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal ischemia and neovascularization, and laser photocoagulation was conducted as indicated by the clinical picture. Ophthalmic ultrasonography was performed to confirm tractional retinal detachments (TRD) at the final visit. Results. Initially, visual acuity was adequate (20/30; 6/9; LogMAR 0.18 in each eye) and the patient was diagnosed with moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diffuse leakage resulting in DME, confirmed with FA at the second visit, was treated with focal laser photocoagulation. However, after being lost to follow-up for over a year, her vision had deteriorated severely to finger counting at 1ft (30.5 cm) in the right eye, and 20/400; 6/120; LogMAR 1.30 in the left: the result of high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy in each eye. The patient underwent three treatments of pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP), but she nevertheless developed tractional retinal detachments (TRD) in both eyes. Conclusion. The combination of poorly controlled diabetes and poor compliance with follow-up care in diabetic retino- pathy can lead to rapid progression of retinopathy and blind- ness. Early detection of diabetic retinopathy with panoramic/ ultra-wide field retinal imaging allows for appropriate staging and management of the disease, and ultimately, better visual outcomes. Keywords Diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, panoramic retinal imaging, ultra-wide field retinal imaging, pan-retinal photocoagulation, tractional retinal detachment","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134211108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung und Progression der diabetischen Retinopathie","authors":"A. Gabel-Pfisterer","doi":"10.54352/dozv.enmy4348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.enmy4348","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Diabetes mellitus is a global disease in which a reduced insulin production or effect affects the blood sugar metabolism. The incidence of the illness is rising steadily. An elevated blood sugar level implies changes in the vascular walls and, in the long term, a reduced blood flow to some ar- eas of the retina As a result, growth factors such as VEGF are overexpressed, which can lead to vitreous haemorrhage and traction-related retinal detachment via the formation of new blood vessels. The aim of this work is to review the literature to discuss the risk factors relevant for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Material and Methods. We carried out a differentiated liter- ature review regarding the risk factors relevant to the devel- opment and/or progression of diabetic retinopathy based on a detailed description of the different forms of diabetes. The different risk factors were discussed and evaluated in the context of the different stages of diabetic retinopathy. Results. The risk of retinal conditions increases with the du- ration of the underlying diabetic disease and a significantly higher blood pressure. In insulin-dependent type 1 diabetics, optimising the time in range can reduce the risk. In type 2 diabetics, whose disease is often associated with obesity and increased blood lipid levels, an increase in physical activity can be useful in addition to optimal blood sugar control. All factors that reduce blood circulation, such as nicotine consumption or an increase in intraocular pressure, are to be regarded as risk factors. The first visible ocular signs of diabetic retinopathy are outpouching of the vascular walls (microaneurysms), the number of which correlates with the risk of progression of the retinal disease. Conclusion. It is crucial to understand the systemic and ocular risk factors to reduce the risk of developing or progressing diabetic retinopathy. A clear risk factor that can be reduced is nicotine. Interrupting an anti-VEGF therapy may lead to the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Keywords Risk factors, diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, development and progression","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128784815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidiabetika: Mögliche Auswirkungen auf die Augen und Relevanz für das Tragen von Kontaktlinsen","authors":"Michael J. Doughty","doi":"10.54352/dozv.ogqd6422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.ogqd6422","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To asses what information on ocular effects of anti- diabetes medications are provided in medicines prescribing information, and whether or not any current guidelines actu- ally mention contact lens wear. Material and Methods. Medicines directories and patient information leaflets (PILs) for 28 diabetes medicines (insulin and various oral hypoglycaemic drugs) were searched for any information on possible ocular effects. A PubMed search was also undertaken on the medicines in relation to ocular side effects. Results. Almost all information sources examined included notes that a change in vision after taking anti-diabetes med- ications could indicate inadequate glucose control. The use of all diabetic medications can result in mild to moderate allergic reactions that could involve the conjunctiva, eyelids and eyelashes. A possible adverse effect of use of older oral hypoglycaemics (such as the sulfonylureas and acarbose) is a warning to patients of possible ‘yellowing of the eyes’ and of the skin. In the vast majority of published studies identified, almost no information has been provided on the oral anti- diabetes medications being used so it is essentially unknown if diabetic medications per se can have adverse effects on the cornea and conjunctiva. However, the information search (in both medical directories, PILs) revealed nothing in relation to contact lens wear and/or that there should be any obvious caution in prescribing contact lenses to diabetic patients. Conclusion. Information indicating that contact lens wear is potentially problematic is not obviously included in medicines directories, so contact lens wear can offer a viable option for vision correction in diabetics. Keywords Diabetes, medication, contact lens wear","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131321078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auswirkungen von Diabetes mellitus und Hyperglykämie auf den refraktiven Status des Auges","authors":"Sven Jonuscheit","doi":"10.54352/dozv.zegq7332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.zegq7332","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Diabetes mellitus is a condition of considerable concern globally, which can affect the visual system in various ways, including changes to visual function, the integrity of the ocular surface and the retinal microcirculation. The aim of this article is to provide an overview on the perspectives around the relationship between diabetes and refractive status. Material and Methods. Narrative literature review. Results. The relationship between diabetes, hyperglycaemia and refractive error has been of interest to clinicians and researchers for more than a century. This review shows that research studies investigating the relationship have varied considerably in their design, methodology, their outcome measures used as well as their reported results. While some uncertainty remains, there is evidence that short-term, drastic changes in blood glucose levels affect the refractive status of human eyes leading to fluctuating and blurred vision. Conclusion. Patients starting glycaemic treatment or under- going adaptation to a new treatment regime may present with considerable refractive changes and visual complaints. Before considering the prescription of spectacle lenses, clinicians should ideally monitor patients in whom glycaemic control has been initiated or is being adjusted until a stabilisation of blood glucose levels has been confirmed. Keywords Diabetes, refraction, refractive error, variability","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116154996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Einfluss der Akkommodation auf die Aderhautdicke: eine Pilotstudie","authors":"Lukas Reeß, H. Dietze","doi":"10.54352/dozv.rvku2118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.rvku2118","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The aim of this study is to characterise the changes in choroidal thickness during and after a prolonged accom­ modation period using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Subjects and Methods. This study used 24 test subjects (age 28.2 ± 2.6 years), with n = 18 assigned to the moderate myopic group (MSE: ­2.6 ± 1.76 D) and n = 6 to the emmetropic group (MSE: ­0.07 ± 0.24 D). The test subjects underwent an accommodation relaxation phase (ten minutes), an accom­ modation phase (twenty minutes of continuous accommoda­ tion), and another relaxation phase (ten minutes). Seven OCT scans (Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) were taken along a horizontal axis on each eye at five­minute intervals. For each tomogram, the subfoveal, temporal and nasal choroidal thick­ ness was determined manually at three measurement points (2 mm apart) using a measurement tool. To trigger the process of accommodation, a mobile phone was attached to the side of the OCT device and the display was projected into the measurement beam path of the OCT via a semi­transparent mirror (demand of accommodation = 5.0 D). Results. During accommodation, the choroidal thickness decreased significantly by an average of ­8.06 ± 7.33 µm in the subfoveal region, ­4.00 ± 11.00 µm in the nasal region, and ­5.29 ± 12.52 µm in the temporal region (each with p < 0.01). Furthermore, emmetropic eyes showed a significantly strong­ er decrease in the subfoveal region (­13.08 ± 8.58 µm) than myopic eyes (­6.39 ± 6.06 µm). In the ten minutes following the accommodation phase, the choroid returned to its initial thickness, showing no significant difference (p = 0.80) in the degree of recovery between myopic and emmetropic eyes. Conclusion. The study shows that the process of accommo­ dation is associated with a decrease in choroidal thickness. The results further suggest that accommodation in myopic eyes entails a smaller decrease in choroidal thickness than in emmetropic eyes. The apparatus design developed spe­ cifically for this study to project a smartphone display into the measurement beam path of the OCT device is suitable for stimulating accommodation over a longer period while performing repeated OCT scans. Keywords myopia, accommodation, choroidal thickness","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124091929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tag-Nacht-Schwankungen des Augeninnendrucks als eigenständiger Risikofaktor für das primäre Offenwinkelglaukom","authors":"C. Erb","doi":"10.54352/dozv.ymjl7189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.ymjl7189","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Purpose: In addition to the static observation of intraocular pressure at an arbitrary time point, the dynamic observation of intraocular pressure in the 24-hour rhythm is considered to be clinically useful in order to better assess the extent of day-night fluctuations. Material and Methods. The literature review includes the current state of knowledge regarding the 24-hour fluctua- tions in intraocular pressure as an independent risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma. The literature search was performed with PubMed. Results. The intraocular pressure is neuronally regulated and is involved in the circadian regulation via the nucleus supra- chiasmaticus; the normal fluctuation in intraocular pressure is 5 mmHg. In the context of systemic neurodegeneration in primary open-angle glaucoma, there is also a disturbance of the cir- cadian rhythm. The fluctuations in intraocular pressure can be 10 mmHg or more and are an independent risk factor for glaucoma progression. Conclusion. Thus, the goal of successful glaucoma therapy is not only to achieve an individual target pressure range, but also to normalise abnormal circadian intraocular pressure fluctuations. Keywords glaucoma, circadian rhythm, neurodegeneration, oxidative stress","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121184415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedizin und künstliche Intelligenz im Zusammenhang mit Augenscreening","authors":"Heinrich Aderneuer","doi":"10.54352/dozv.zsqx1218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.zsqx1218","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. This paper aims to evaluate whether telemedical models or examination and prevention models based on artificial intelligence offer German optometrists a chance to increase their status as vision care providers and to provide better eye care in Germany. Material and Methods. Both a systematic literature review and an expert survey were conducted. Study results of deep learning vision screening applications in the fields of glauco- ma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retino- pathy as well results of expert interviews are discussed. Results. The study results and expert interviews demonstrate that cooperation between optometrists and ophthalmologists in a telemedical network is an essential tool for improving the eye health care of the population and relieves ophthalmo- logists of routine tasks. The first telemedical cooperative pro- gram between German optometrists and ophthalmologists demonstrates a successful cooperation. Conclusion. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly finding its way into the field of vision screening. Telemedicine and the electronic patient medical record play a unique role. They en- able German optometrists to secure and expand high-quality service offerings in the field of optometry. Keywords telemedicine, artificial intelligence, vision screening, age- related macular degeneration diabetic retinopathy","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114255790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Die Bedeutung des Randprofiles bei der Anpassung weicher Kontaktlinsen: ein Update","authors":"A. Hartwig, Mirko Tamm","doi":"10.54352/dozv.gujc2853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.gujc2853","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The edge design of soft contact lenses is often overseen during contact lens fitting or during follow­up visits. Material and Methods. By means of illustrations of different edge profiles and a review of the literature on this topic, the attention of contact lens practitioner should be drawn to edge design of contact lenses. Results. Contact lenses have different edge profiles, which can have an influence on comfort and fitting. If necessary,the edge profile can be observed by the contact lens fitter using various methods. Conclusion. Consideration of the edge design can be par­ ticularly helpful for contact lens fittings that do not lead to the desired success. Keywords soft contact lenses, contact lens edge design, contact lens discomfort, conjunctiva","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123074839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Der Einfluss von blaulicht­reduzierenden Brillengläsern auf die Farbwahrnehmung","authors":"Mareike Hübner, Christoph von Handorff","doi":"10.54352/dozv.mfuv9062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.mfuv9062","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate the influence of two different blue- light-filtering lenses on subjective colour perception, using the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test. Material and Methods. Thirty subjects with normal colour vision performed the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test wearing three pairs of plano spectacle lenses. The total er- ror score was calculated with the “Farnsworth-Munsell Test Scoring Software“. The evaluated test lenses were the “Glacier Blue Shield“ (Shamir) and the “Wellness Protect 15“ (Eschen- bach) in addition to the 15 % grey tint (Hoya) as a reference lens. The transmission spectra of the lenses were measured beforehand with the spectrometer “Flame-S-UV-VIS-ES“ (“Ocean Optics“). Results. Using the univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures, no significant difference could be detected in the colour discrimination capability between the reference lens from Hoya and the test lens from Sha- mir (p > 0.05). A significant deterioration was found with the “Wellness Protect 15“ lens from Eschenbach compared to the reference lens from Hoya (p < 0.001) and to the test lens from Shamir (p < 0.001). In addition, a median disparity of the third box (43 – 63 of the Hue test) against all the other boxes was noticed for both the test lenses and the reference lens. Conclusion. With the blue-light-filtering anti-reflection coating from Shamir no difference in colour discrimination could be observed in this study. Only a stronger blue-light- filtering lens like “Wellness Protect 15“ leads to a significant deterioration. The closer the colours are in the CIE colour triangle, the bigger the confusion. To test the quality of colours with these lenses the colour rendering index should also be evaluated. Keywords Blue-light-filtering lenses, Colour discrimination, Colour perception, Colour Rendering Index, Transmission","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131449170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}