Current Research in Insect Science最新文献

{"title":"Behavioural differences in predator aware and predator naïve Wellington tree wētā, Hemideina crassidens.","authors":"Meg Kelly ,&nbsp;Priscilla M Wehi ,&nbsp;Sheri L Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insects have evolved a wide range of behavioural traits to avoid predation, with anti-predator behaviours emerging as important adaptive responses to the specific strategies employed by predators. These responses may become ineffective, however, when a species is introduced to a novel predator type. When individuals cannot recognise an introduced predator for instance, they may respond in ways that mean they fail to avoid, escape, or neutralize a predator encounter. New Zealand's endemic insect fauna evolved in the absence of terrestrial mammalian predators for millions of years, resulting in the evolution of unique fauna like the large, flightless Orthopteran, the wētā. Here we investigate how experience with introduced mammalian predators might influence anti-predator behaviours by comparing behaviours in a group of Wellington tree wētā (<em>Hemideina crassidens</em>) living in an ecosanctuary, Zealandia, protected from non-native mammalian predators, and a group living in adjacent sites without mammalian predator control. We used behavioural phenotyping assays with both groups to examine rates of activity and defensive aggression shortly after capture, and again after a period of acclimation. We found that wētā living in protected areas were more active shortly after capture than wētā in non-protected habitats where mammalian predators were present. Male wētā living in non-protected areas tended to be less aggressive than any other group. These results suggest that lifetime experience with differing predator arrays may influence the expression of antipredator behaviour in tree wētā. Disentangling innate and experiential drivers of these behavioural responses further will have important implications for insect populations in rapidly changing environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49774046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noxious chemical discrimination by Tribolium castaneum TRPA1 channel in the HEK293 cell expression system","authors":"Kenji Shimomura ,&nbsp;Hinoki Oikawa ,&nbsp;Kosuke Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Takehito Terajima ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yajima ,&nbsp;Motohiro Tomizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nociception is the sensory perception of noxious chemical stimuli. Repellent behavior to avoid noxious stimuli is indispensable for survival, and this mechanism has been evolutionarily conserved across a wide range of species, from mammals to insects. The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is one of the most conserved noxious chemical sensors. Here, we describe the heterologous stable expression of <em>Tribolium castaneum</em> TRPA1 (TcTRPA1) in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. The intracellular Ca²⁺ influx was measured when two compounds, citronellal and <em><span>l</span></em>-menthol, derived from plant essential oils, were applied <em>in vitro</em> using a fluorescence assay. The analysis revealed that citronellal evoked Ca²⁺ influx dose-dependently for TcTRPA1, whereas <em><span>l</span></em>-menthol did not. In combination with our present and previous results of the avoidance-behavioral assay at the organism level, we suggest that TcTRPA1 discriminates between these two toxic compounds, and diversification in the chemical nociception selectivity has occurred in TRPA1 channel among insect taxa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The specific expression patterns of sensory neuron membrane proteins are retained throughout the development of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria","authors":"Sina Cassau ,&nbsp;Angelina Degen ,&nbsp;Stephanie Krüger ,&nbsp;Jürgen Krieger","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The desert locust <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> detects odorants through olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) that are surrounded by non-neuronal support cells (SCs). OSNs and SCs are housed in cuticle structures, named sensilla found abundantly on the antenna in all developmental stages of the hemimetabolic insect. In insects, multiple proteins expressed by OSNs and SCs are indicated to play a pivotal role in the detection of odorants. This includes insect-specific members of the CD36 family of lipid receptors and transporters called sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). While the distribution pattern of the SNMP1 and SNMP2 subtypes in OSNs and SCs across different sensilla types has been elucidated for the adult <em>S. gregaria</em> antenna, their localization in cells and sensilla of different developmental stages is unclear. Here, we determined the SNMP1 and SNMP2 expression topography on the antenna of the first, third and fifth instar nymphs. Through FIHC experiments we found that in all developmental stages SNMP1 is expressed in OSNs and SCs of the trichoid and basiconic sensilla while SNMP2 is restricted to the SCs of the basiconic and coeloconic sensilla thus resembling the adult arrangement. Our results demonstrate that both SNMP types have defined cell- and sensilla-specific distribution patterns established already in the first instar nymphs and retained into the adult stage. This conserved expression topography underlines the importance of SNMP1 and SNMP2 in olfactory processes throughout the development of the desert locust.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting effects of an extended fall period and winter heatwaves on the overwintering fitness of diapausing disease vector, Aedes albopictus","authors":"Samantha L. Sturiale,&nbsp;Peter A. Armbruster","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is expected to dramatically alter autumnal and winter conditions in many temperate regions. However, limited data is available to accurately predict how these changes will impact species’ overwinter survival and post-winter fitness. Here, we determine how a longer, warmer fall period and winter heatwaves affect overwintering fitness and post-winter performance of the invasive mosquito vector, <em>Aedes albopictus</em>. We found that a longer, warmer fall period representative of early entry into diapause did not affect overwinter survival but did lead to reduced post-winter performance for multiple traits. Specifically, larvae that experienced longer, warmer fall conditions as diapause embryos exhibited reduced post-diapause larval starvation tolerance, increased post-diapause larval mortality, and longer post-diapause larval development compared to individuals from the short-fall treatments. These negative post-diapause fitness effects likely resulted from the greater energetic demands and/or damage incurred during the warmer, longer fall period. In contrast, exposure to winter heatwaves increased overwinter survival, possibly by allowing diapausing embryos to escape or repair cold injury. Finally, fall treatment and winter heatwaves had an interactive effect on male development time, while neither treatment impacted pupal mass in either sex. Overall, our results highlight that experiments that fail to measure post-diapause fitness are likely to substantially under-estimate the impacts of climate change on post-winter performance. Additionally, our results emphasize that it is crucial to consider the potentially conflicting effects of different aspects of climate change on a species’ overall overwintering success.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45949754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ``Examination of population genetics of the Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) and the incidence of its biocontrol agent (Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus) in the South Pacific Islands Current'' [Research in Insect Science 1 (2021) 100015]","authors":"Kayvan Etebari ,&nbsp;James Hereward ,&nbsp;Apenisa Sailo ,&nbsp;Emeline M. Ahoafi ,&nbsp;Robert Tautua ,&nbsp;Helen Tsatsia ,&nbsp;Grahame V Jackson ,&nbsp;Michael J. Furlong","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2022.100035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515822000075/pdfft?md5=aaf01a9786cf67e07a4c1d23e8bcb948&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515822000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91640331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pea aphid winged and wingless males exhibit reproductive, gene expression, and lipid metabolism differences","authors":"Omid Saleh Ziabari ,&nbsp;Qingyi Zhong ,&nbsp;Swapna R. Purandare ,&nbsp;Joel Reiter ,&nbsp;Anthony J. Zera ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Brisson","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alternative, intraspecific phenotypes offer an opportunity to identify the mechanistic basis of differences associated with distinctive life history strategies. Wing dimorphic insects, in which both flight-capable and flight-incapable individuals occur in the same population, are particularly well-studied in terms of why and how the morphs trade off flight for reproduction. Yet despite a wealth of studies examining the differences between female morphs, little is known about male differences, which could arise from different causes than those acting on females. Here we examined reproductive, gene expression, and biochemical differences between pea aphid (<em>Acyrthosiphon pisum</em>) winged and wingless males. We find that winged males are competitively superior in one-on-one mating circumstances, but wingless males reach reproductive maturity faster and have larger testes. We suggest that males tradeoff increased local matings with concurrent possible inbreeding for outbreeding and increased ability to find mates. At the mechanistic level, differential gene expression between the morphs revealed a possible role for activin and insulin signaling in morph differences; it also highlighted genes not previously identified as being functionally important in wing polymorphism, such as genes likely involved in sperm production. Further, we find that winged males have higher lipid levels, consistent with their use as flight fuel, but we find no consistent patterns of different levels of activity among five enzymes associated with lipid biosynthesis. Overall, our analyses provide evidence that winged versus wingless males exhibit differences at the reproductive, gene expression, and biochemical levels, expanding the field's understanding of the functional aspects of morph differences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9b/ee/main.PMC9387497.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unparalleled mitochondrial heteroplasmy and Wolbachia co-infection in the non-model bee, Amphylaeus morosus","authors":"Olivia K. Davies ,&nbsp;James B. Dorey ,&nbsp;Mark I. Stevens ,&nbsp;Michael G. Gardner ,&nbsp;Tessa M. Bradford ,&nbsp;Michael P. Schwarz","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mitochondrial heteroplasmy is the occurrence of more than one type of mitochondrial DNA within a single individual. Although generally reported to occur in a small subset of individuals within a species, there are some instances of widespread heteroplasmy across entire populations. <em>Amphylaeus morosus</em> is an Australian native bee species in the diverse and cosmopolitan bee family Colletidae. This species has an extensive geographical range along the eastern Australian coast, from southern Queensland to western Victoria, covering approximately 2,000 km. Seventy individuals were collected from five localities across this geographical range and sequenced using Sanger sequencing for the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. These data indicate that every individual had the same consistent heteroplasmic sites but no other nucleotide variation, suggesting two conserved and widespread heteroplasmic mitogenomes. Ion Torrent shotgun sequencing revealed that heteroplasmy occurred across multiple mitochondrial protein-coding genes and is unlikely explained by transposition of mitochondrial genes into the nuclear genome (NUMTs). DNA sequence data also demonstrated a consistent co-infection of <em>Wolbachia</em> across the <em>A. morosus</em> distribution with every individual infected with both bacterial strains. Our data are consistent with the presence of two mitogenomes within all individuals examined in this species and suggest a major divergence from standard patterns of mitochondrial inheritance. Because the host's mitogenome and the <em>Wolbachia</em> genome are genetically linked through maternal inheritance, we propose three possible hypotheses that could explain maintenance of the widespread and conserved co-occurring bacterial and mitochondrial genomes in this species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9387454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and profiling of stable microRNAs in hemolymph of young and old Locusta migratoria fifth instars","authors":"Stijn Van den Brande ,&nbsp;Marijke Gijbels ,&nbsp;Niels Wynant ,&nbsp;Paulien Peeters ,&nbsp;Yannick Gansemans ,&nbsp;Filip Van Nieuwerburgh ,&nbsp;Dulce Santos ,&nbsp;Jozef Vanden Broeck","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the discovery of the first microRNA (miRNA) in the nematode <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>, numerous novel miRNAs have been identified which can regulate presumably every biological process in a wide range of metazoan species. In accordance, several insect miRNAs have been identified and functionally characterized. While regulatory RNA pathways are traditionally described at an intracellular level, studies reporting on the presence and potential role of extracellular (small) sRNAs have been emerging in the last decade, mainly in mammalian systems. Interestingly, evidence in several species indicates the functional transfer of extracellular RNAs between donor and recipient cells, illustrating RNA-based intercellular communication. In insects, however, reports on extracellular small RNAs are emerging but the number of detailed studies is still very limited. Here, we demonstrate the presence of stable sRNAs in the hemolymph of the migratory locust, <em>Locusta migratoria</em>. Moreover, the levels of several extracellular miRNAs (ex-miRNAs) present in locust hemolymph differed significantly between young and old fifth nymphal instars. In addition, we performed a ‘proof of principle’ experiment which suggested that extracellularly delivered miRNA molecules are capable of affecting the locusts’ development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/de/42/main.PMC9387440.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investment in adult reproductive tissues is affected by larval growth conditions but not by evolution under poor larval growth conditions in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Rohit Kapila,&nbsp;Soumyadip Poddar,&nbsp;Neeraj Meena,&nbsp;Nagaraj Guru Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2021.100027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2021.100027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In many insects, the larval environment is confined to the egg-laying site, which often leads to crowded larval conditions, exposing the developing larvae to poor resource availability and toxic metabolic wastes. Larval crowding imposes two opposing selection pressures. On one hand, due to poor nutritional resources during developmental stages, adults from the crowded larval environment have reduced investment in reproductive tissues. On the other hand, a crowded larval environment acts as a cue for future reproductive competition inducing increased investment in reproductive tissues. Both these selection pressures are likely affected by the level of crowding. The evolutionary consequence of adaptation to larval crowding environment on adult reproductive investment is bound to be a result of the interaction of these two opposing forces. In this study, we used experimentally evolved populations of <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> adapted to larval crowding to investigate the effect of adaptation to larval crowding on investment in reproductive organs (testes and accessory glands) of males. Our results show that there is a strong effect of larval developmental environment on absolute sizes of testes and accessory glands. However, there was no effect of the developmental environment when testis size was scaled by body size. We also found that flies from crowded cultures had smaller accessory gland sizes relative to body size. Moreover, the sizes of the reproductive organs were not affected by the selection histories of the populations. This study highlights that adaptation to two extremely different developmental environments does not affect the patterns of reproductive investment. We discuss the possibility that differential investment in reproductive tissues could be influenced by the mating dynamics and/or investment in larval survival traits, rather than just the developmental environment of the populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a0/61/main.PMC9387493.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40439526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Half a century of thermal tolerance studies in springtails (Collembola): A review of metrics, spatial and temporal trends","authors":"Pablo Escribano-Álvarez ,&nbsp;Luis R. Pertierra ,&nbsp;Brezo Martínez ,&nbsp;Steven L. Chown ,&nbsp;Miguel Á. Olalla-Tárraga","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2021.100023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2021.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global changes in soil surface temperatures are altering the abundances and distribution ranges of invertebrate species worldwide, including effects on soil microarthropods such as springtails (Collembola), which are vital for maintaining soil health and providing ecosystem services. Studies of thermal tolerance limits in soil invertebrates have the potential to provide information on demographic responses to climate change and guide assessments of possible impacts on the structure and functioning of ecosystems. Here, we review the state of knowledge of thermal tolerance limits in Collembola. Thermal tolerance metrics have diversified over time, which should be taken into account when conducting large-scale comparative studies. A temporal trend shows that the estimation of ‘Critical Thermal Limits’ (CTL) is becoming more common than investigations of ‘Supercooling Point’ (SCP), despite the latter being the most widely used metric. Indeed, most studies (66%) in Collembola have focused on cold tolerance; fewer have assessed heat tolerance. The majority of thermal tolerance data are from temperate and polar regions, with fewer assessments from tropical and subtropical latitudes. While the hemiedaphic life form represents the majority of records at low latitudes, euedaphic and epedaphic groups remain largely unsampled in these regions compared to the situation in temperate and high latitude regions, where sampling records show a more balanced distribution among the different life forms. Most CTL data are obtained during the warmest period of the year, whereas SCP and ‘Lethal Temperature’ (LT) show more variation in terms of the season when the data were collected. We conclude that more attention should be given to understudied zoogeographical regions across the tropics, as well as certain less-studied clades such as the family Neanuridae, to identify the role of thermal tolerance limits in the redistribution of species under changing climates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/90/42/main.PMC9387465.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40636753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}