Current Research in Insect Science最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of the swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii, first instar larval salivary gland transcriptome","authors":"Boyd A. Mori ,&nbsp;Cathy Coutu ,&nbsp;Martin A. Erlandson ,&nbsp;Dwayne D. Hegedus","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Proteins in saliva of gall-forming insect larvae govern insect-host plant interactions. <em>Contarinia nasturtii</em>, the swede midge, is a pest of brassicaceous vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli) and canola. We examined the salivary gland (SG) transcriptome of first instar larvae reared on <em>Brassica napus</em> and catalogued genes encoding secreted proteins that may contribute to the initial stages of larval establishment, the synthesis of plant growth hormones, extra-oral digestion and evasion of host defenses. A significant portion of the secreted proteins with unknown functions were unique to <em>C. nasturtii</em> and were often members of larger gene families organized in genomic clusters with conservation patterns suggesting that they are undergoing selection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced maternal age has negative multigenerational impacts during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis","authors":"Halie Ostberg ,&nbsp;Laura Boehm Vock ,&nbsp;Margaret C. Bloch-Qazi","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing maternal age is commonly accompanied by decreased fitness in offspring. In <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>, maternal senescence negatively affects multiple facets of offspring phenotype and fitness. These maternal effects are particularly large on embryonic viability. Identifying which embryonic stages are disrupted can indicate mechanisms of maternal effect senescence. Some maternal effects can also carry-over to subsequent generations. We examined potential multi- and transgenerational effects maternal senescence on embryonic development in two laboratory strains of <em>D. melanogaster</em>. We categorized the developmental stages of embryos from every combination of old and young mother, grandmother and great grandmother. We then modelled embryonic survival across the stages and compared these models among the multigenerational maternal age groups in order to identify which developmental processes were most sensitive to the effects of maternal effect senescence. Maternal effect senescence has negative multigenerational effects on multiple embryonic stages, indicating that maternal provisioning and, possibly epigenetics, but not mutation accumulation, contribute to decreased offspring survival. This study shows the large, early and multi-faceted nature of maternal effects senescence in an insect population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Many parasitoids lack adult fat accumulation, despite fatty acid synthesis: A discussion of concepts and considerations for future research","authors":"Bertanne Visser ,&nbsp;Cécile Le Lann ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Hahn ,&nbsp;Mark Lammers ,&nbsp;Caroline M. Nieberding ,&nbsp;Hans T. Alborn ,&nbsp;Thomas Enriquez ,&nbsp;Mathilde Scheifler ,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Harvey ,&nbsp;Jacintha Ellers","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fat reserves, specifically the accumulation of triacylglycerols, are a major energy source and play a key role for life histories. Fat accumulation is a conserved metabolic pattern across most insects, yet in most parasitoid species adults do not gain fat mass, even when nutrients are readily available and provided <em>ad libitum</em>. This extraordinary physiological phenotype has evolved repeatedly in phylogenetically dispersed parasitoid species. This poses a conundrum because it could lead to significant constraints on energy allocation toward key adult functions such as survival and reproduction. Recent work on the underlying genetic and biochemical mechanisms has spurred a debate on fat accumulation versus fat production, because of incongruent interpretation of results obtained using different methodologies. This debate is in part due to semantics, highlighting the need for a synthetic perspective on fat accumulation that reconciles previous debates and provides new insights and terminology. In this paper, we propose updated, unambiguous terminology for future research in the field, including “fatty acid synthesis” and “lack of adult fat accumulation”, and describe the distinct metabolic pathways involved in the complex process of lipogenesis. We then discuss the benefits and drawbacks of the main methods available to measure fatty acid synthesis and adult fat accumulation. Most importantly, gravimetric/colorimetric and isotope tracking methods give complementary information, provided that they are applied with appropriate controls and interpreted correctly. We also compiled a comprehensive list of fat accumulation studies performed during the last 25 years. We present avenues for future research that combine chemistry, ecology, and evolution into an integrative approach, which we think is needed to understand the dynamics of fat accumulation in parasitoids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dc/32/main.PMC10139962.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9399055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioural differences in predator aware and predator naïve Wellington tree wētā, Hemideina crassidens.","authors":"Meg Kelly ,&nbsp;Priscilla M Wehi ,&nbsp;Sheri L Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insects have evolved a wide range of behavioural traits to avoid predation, with anti-predator behaviours emerging as important adaptive responses to the specific strategies employed by predators. These responses may become ineffective, however, when a species is introduced to a novel predator type. When individuals cannot recognise an introduced predator for instance, they may respond in ways that mean they fail to avoid, escape, or neutralize a predator encounter. New Zealand's endemic insect fauna evolved in the absence of terrestrial mammalian predators for millions of years, resulting in the evolution of unique fauna like the large, flightless Orthopteran, the wētā. Here we investigate how experience with introduced mammalian predators might influence anti-predator behaviours by comparing behaviours in a group of Wellington tree wētā (<em>Hemideina crassidens</em>) living in an ecosanctuary, Zealandia, protected from non-native mammalian predators, and a group living in adjacent sites without mammalian predator control. We used behavioural phenotyping assays with both groups to examine rates of activity and defensive aggression shortly after capture, and again after a period of acclimation. We found that wētā living in protected areas were more active shortly after capture than wētā in non-protected habitats where mammalian predators were present. Male wētā living in non-protected areas tended to be less aggressive than any other group. These results suggest that lifetime experience with differing predator arrays may influence the expression of antipredator behaviour in tree wētā. Disentangling innate and experiential drivers of these behavioural responses further will have important implications for insect populations in rapidly changing environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49774046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noxious chemical discrimination by Tribolium castaneum TRPA1 channel in the HEK293 cell expression system","authors":"Kenji Shimomura ,&nbsp;Hinoki Oikawa ,&nbsp;Kosuke Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Takehito Terajima ,&nbsp;Shunsuke Yajima ,&nbsp;Motohiro Tomizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nociception is the sensory perception of noxious chemical stimuli. Repellent behavior to avoid noxious stimuli is indispensable for survival, and this mechanism has been evolutionarily conserved across a wide range of species, from mammals to insects. The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is one of the most conserved noxious chemical sensors. Here, we describe the heterologous stable expression of <em>Tribolium castaneum</em> TRPA1 (TcTRPA1) in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. The intracellular Ca²⁺ influx was measured when two compounds, citronellal and <em><span>l</span></em>-menthol, derived from plant essential oils, were applied <em>in vitro</em> using a fluorescence assay. The analysis revealed that citronellal evoked Ca²⁺ influx dose-dependently for TcTRPA1, whereas <em><span>l</span></em>-menthol did not. In combination with our present and previous results of the avoidance-behavioral assay at the organism level, we suggest that TcTRPA1 discriminates between these two toxic compounds, and diversification in the chemical nociception selectivity has occurred in TRPA1 channel among insect taxa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Still standing: The heat protection delivered by a facultative symbiont to its aphid host is resilient to repeated thermal stress","authors":"Kévin Tougeron ,&nbsp;Corentin Iltis ,&nbsp;Eliott Rampnoux ,&nbsp;Alexandre Goerlinger ,&nbsp;Linda Dhondt ,&nbsp;Thierry Hance","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insects have evolved diverse strategies to resist extreme high temperatures (EHT). The adaptive value of such strategies has to be evaluated when organisms experience multiple EHT events during their lifetime, as predicted in a changing climate. This is particularly the case for associations with facultative microbial partners involved in insect heat tolerance, the resilience of which to repeated heat stress has never been studied. We compared two artificial lines of the pea aphid (<em>Acyrthosiphon pisum</em>) differing by the absence or presence of the heat-protective facultative bacterium <em>Serratia symbiotica</em>. We exposed insect nymphs to a varying number of EHT events (between 0 and 3), and recorded fitness parameters. Except survival traits, fitness estimates were affected by the interaction between aphid infection status (absence/presence of <em>S. symbiotica</em>) and thermal treatment (number of heat shocks applied). Costs of bacterial infection were detected in the absence of thermal stress: symbiont-hosting aphids incurred longer development, decreased fecundity and body size. However, symbiotic infection turned neutral, and even beneficial for some traits (development and body size), as the number of heat shocks increased, and compared to the aposymbiotic strain. Conversely, symbiotic infection mediated aphid response to heat shock(s): fitness decreased only in the uninfected group. These findings suggest that (i) the facultative symbiont may alternatively act as a pathogen, commensal or mutualist depending on thermal environment, and (ii) the heat protection it delivered to its host persists under frequent EHT. We discuss eco-evolutionary implications and the role of potentially confounding factors (stage-specific effects, genetic polymorphism displayed by the obligate symbiont).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/30/main.PMC10250925.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9611778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The specific expression patterns of sensory neuron membrane proteins are retained throughout the development of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria","authors":"Sina Cassau ,&nbsp;Angelina Degen ,&nbsp;Stephanie Krüger ,&nbsp;Jürgen Krieger","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2023.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The desert locust <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> detects odorants through olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) that are surrounded by non-neuronal support cells (SCs). OSNs and SCs are housed in cuticle structures, named sensilla found abundantly on the antenna in all developmental stages of the hemimetabolic insect. In insects, multiple proteins expressed by OSNs and SCs are indicated to play a pivotal role in the detection of odorants. This includes insect-specific members of the CD36 family of lipid receptors and transporters called sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). While the distribution pattern of the SNMP1 and SNMP2 subtypes in OSNs and SCs across different sensilla types has been elucidated for the adult <em>S. gregaria</em> antenna, their localization in cells and sensilla of different developmental stages is unclear. Here, we determined the SNMP1 and SNMP2 expression topography on the antenna of the first, third and fifth instar nymphs. Through FIHC experiments we found that in all developmental stages SNMP1 is expressed in OSNs and SCs of the trichoid and basiconic sensilla while SNMP2 is restricted to the SCs of the basiconic and coeloconic sensilla thus resembling the adult arrangement. Our results demonstrate that both SNMP types have defined cell- and sensilla-specific distribution patterns established already in the first instar nymphs and retained into the adult stage. This conserved expression topography underlines the importance of SNMP1 and SNMP2 in olfactory processes throughout the development of the desert locust.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49856838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting effects of an extended fall period and winter heatwaves on the overwintering fitness of diapausing disease vector, Aedes albopictus","authors":"Samantha L. Sturiale,&nbsp;Peter A. Armbruster","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2023.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is expected to dramatically alter autumnal and winter conditions in many temperate regions. However, limited data is available to accurately predict how these changes will impact species’ overwinter survival and post-winter fitness. Here, we determine how a longer, warmer fall period and winter heatwaves affect overwintering fitness and post-winter performance of the invasive mosquito vector, <em>Aedes albopictus</em>. We found that a longer, warmer fall period representative of early entry into diapause did not affect overwinter survival but did lead to reduced post-winter performance for multiple traits. Specifically, larvae that experienced longer, warmer fall conditions as diapause embryos exhibited reduced post-diapause larval starvation tolerance, increased post-diapause larval mortality, and longer post-diapause larval development compared to individuals from the short-fall treatments. These negative post-diapause fitness effects likely resulted from the greater energetic demands and/or damage incurred during the warmer, longer fall period. In contrast, exposure to winter heatwaves increased overwinter survival, possibly by allowing diapausing embryos to escape or repair cold injury. Finally, fall treatment and winter heatwaves had an interactive effect on male development time, while neither treatment impacted pupal mass in either sex. Overall, our results highlight that experiments that fail to measure post-diapause fitness are likely to substantially under-estimate the impacts of climate change on post-winter performance. Additionally, our results emphasize that it is crucial to consider the potentially conflicting effects of different aspects of climate change on a species’ overall overwintering success.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45949754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ``Examination of population genetics of the Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) and the incidence of its biocontrol agent (Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus) in the South Pacific Islands Current'' [Research in Insect Science 1 (2021) 100015]","authors":"Kayvan Etebari ,&nbsp;James Hereward ,&nbsp;Apenisa Sailo ,&nbsp;Emeline M. Ahoafi ,&nbsp;Robert Tautua ,&nbsp;Helen Tsatsia ,&nbsp;Grahame V Jackson ,&nbsp;Michael J. Furlong","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2022.100035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515822000075/pdfft?md5=aaf01a9786cf67e07a4c1d23e8bcb948&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515822000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91640331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pea aphid winged and wingless males exhibit reproductive, gene expression, and lipid metabolism differences","authors":"Omid Saleh Ziabari ,&nbsp;Qingyi Zhong ,&nbsp;Swapna R. Purandare ,&nbsp;Joel Reiter ,&nbsp;Anthony J. Zera ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Brisson","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2022.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alternative, intraspecific phenotypes offer an opportunity to identify the mechanistic basis of differences associated with distinctive life history strategies. Wing dimorphic insects, in which both flight-capable and flight-incapable individuals occur in the same population, are particularly well-studied in terms of why and how the morphs trade off flight for reproduction. Yet despite a wealth of studies examining the differences between female morphs, little is known about male differences, which could arise from different causes than those acting on females. Here we examined reproductive, gene expression, and biochemical differences between pea aphid (<em>Acyrthosiphon pisum</em>) winged and wingless males. We find that winged males are competitively superior in one-on-one mating circumstances, but wingless males reach reproductive maturity faster and have larger testes. We suggest that males tradeoff increased local matings with concurrent possible inbreeding for outbreeding and increased ability to find mates. At the mechanistic level, differential gene expression between the morphs revealed a possible role for activin and insulin signaling in morph differences; it also highlighted genes not previously identified as being functionally important in wing polymorphism, such as genes likely involved in sperm production. Further, we find that winged males have higher lipid levels, consistent with their use as flight fuel, but we find no consistent patterns of different levels of activity among five enzymes associated with lipid biosynthesis. Overall, our analyses provide evidence that winged versus wingless males exhibit differences at the reproductive, gene expression, and biochemical levels, expanding the field's understanding of the functional aspects of morph differences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9b/ee/main.PMC9387497.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40634787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}