Current Research in Insect Science最新文献

{"title":"Transgenerational plasticity in aphids reared in a poor-resource environment","authors":"Vincenzo Trotta ,&nbsp;Pierluigi Forlano ,&nbsp;Vittoria Caccavo ,&nbsp;Paolo Fanti ,&nbsp;Donatella Battaglia","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2024.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The changing environmental conditions can affect insect biology over multiple generations and phenotypic plasticity is important for coping with these changes. Transgenerational plasticity occurs when the environment in which the parents developed influences the plastic response of the offspring phenotype. In the present study, the plastic effects of resource limitation on important life history traits such as body size, fecundity, survival, and resistance to starvation of the pea aphid <em>Acyrthosiphon pisum</em> were investigated over two generations. This study focused on understanding how resource limitation can determine an adaptive expression of maternal effects and transgenerational plasticity in fitness-related traits. Aphids showed phenotypic plasticity for the life history traits investigated, as they performed better when grown in an optimal environment than in a resource-poor one. Also, aphids had a poorer performance if their mothers were raised in a resource-poor environment. The effects of transgenerational plasticity were observed only in response to resistance to starvation, through increased survival in the offspring of the mother reared in a resource-poor environment, suggesting an evolutionary bet-hedging strategy. The results of this study showed that the effects of adaptive transgenerational plasticity may be partially masked in stressful environments, where developmental problems instead predominate. More information on the transgenerational response to resource limitation across generations can contribute to a better understanding of aphid biology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000118/pdfft?md5=4e7cc4839ed0035ccadce8486978cec8&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000118-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140638878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diapause survival requires a temperature-sensitive preparatory period","authors":"Amanda D. Roe ,&nbsp;Ashlyn A. Wardlaw ,&nbsp;Skye Butterson ,&nbsp;Katie E. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diapause is a form of internally-controlled dormancy that allows insects to avoid stressful conditions and periods of low food availability. Eastern spruce budworm (<em>Choristoneura fumiferana</em> Clemens), like many cold-adapted insects, enter diapause well in advance of winter conditions, thus exposing them to elevated temperatures during fall that can deplete energy stores and impact post-diapause survival. We explored the impact of fall conditions on <em>C. fumiferana</em> by manipulating the length of the fall period and exposure temperatures during the diapause initiation phase of second instar larvae in a factorial design. We exposed second instar larvae to four fall temperatures (10, 15, 20, and 25°C) and five exposure times (1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 weeks) prior to standardized diapause conditions. We measured metabolites (glycogen, glycerol, and protein) prior to and during diapause for a subset of individuals. We also measured post-diapause survival by quantifying emergence following diapause conditions for a subset of individuals. We found that long, warm fall conditions depleted glycogen content and lowered post-diapause survival. We also found that short, cool conditions impacted post-diapause survival, although glycogen content remained high. Our results showed that fall conditions have substantial fitness consequences to overwintering insects. Optimal fall conditions struck a balance between exposure time and temperature. Our findings point to a potentially adaptive reason for early diapause onset: that an undescribed, but temperature-sensitive process is occurring in <em>C. fumiferana</em> larvae during the diapause initiation period that is essential for overwintering survival and successful post-diapause emergence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000039/pdfft?md5=81aeef5e0705c5eeb8da8455b4db4639&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acclimation temperature influences the thermal sensitivity of injury accumulation in Folsomia candida at extreme low and high temperatures","authors":"Micha Wehrli,&nbsp;Stine Slotsbo,&nbsp;Jian Ge,&nbsp;Martin Holmstrup","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The importance of thermal acclimation for the Thermal Death Time (TDT) landscape of the common soil living springtail, <em>Folsomia candida</em> (Collembola, Isotomidae), was investigated. To this aim, we acclimated adult springtails at 10 °C (cold-acclimation) and 20 °C (warm-acclimation), respectively. In static thermal tolerance assays, we found the relationship between survival and exposure time at a number of stressful high and low temperatures. Using logistic modelling, we found, at each exposure temperature, the time until 50% mortality had been reached (Lt₅₀). The exponential functions of TDT curves were found by linear regression of log₁₀ Lt₅₀ values against exposure temperature. Results showed that cold acclimation significantly increased cold tolerance and increased the temperature dependence of cold injury accumulation rate (increased the slope by 4 orders of magnitude) in <em>F. candida</em>. Hence, cold acclimation changed the status of this species from chill-susceptible to moderately chill-tolerant. The cellular injury accumulation at sub-zero temperatures was not related to freezing of body water in this study. Congruently, we found a significant negative effect of cold acclimation on heat tolerance and that cold acclimation decreased the thermal sensitivity of the heat injury accumulation rate. Different slopes of the TDT curves between acclimation groups indicated that acclimation shifted the proportional importance of cellular injury mechanisms or the nature of injury mechanisms. Finally, we compare and combine the TDT curves at extreme high and low temperatures with previously published results on longevity at benign temperatures (from 0 to 30 °C) and describe the full thermal niche of <em>F. candida</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000192/pdfft?md5=1d0234cbc5a36b03e77f763285ddcb32&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000192-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dehydration and tomato spotted wilt virus infection combine to alter feeding and survival parameters for the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis","authors":"Samuel T. Bailey ,&nbsp;Alekhya Kondragunta ,&nbsp;Hyojin A. Choi ,&nbsp;Jinlong Han ,&nbsp;Holly McInnes ,&nbsp;Dorith Rotenberg ,&nbsp;Diane E. Ullman ,&nbsp;Joshua B. Benoit","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dehydration and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) infection substantially impact the feeding of western flower thrips, <em>Frankliniella occidentalis</em>. Until now, the dynamics between these biotic and abiotic stresses have not been examined for thrips. Here, we report water balance characteristics and changes in other biological parameters during infection with TSWV for the western flower thrips. There were no apparent differences in water balance parameters during TSWV infection of male or female thrips. Our results show that, although water balance characteristics of western flower thrips are minimally impacted by TSWV infection, the increase in feeding and activity when dehydration and TSWV are combined suggests that virus transmission could be increased under periods of drought. Importantly, survival and progeny generation were impaired during TSWV infection and dehydration bouts. The negative impact on survival and reproduction suggests that the interactions between TSWV infection and dehydration will likely reduce thrips populations. The opposite effects of dehydration on feeding/activity and survival/reproduction for virus infected thrips suggest the impact of vectorial capacity will likely be minor for TSWV transmission. As water stress significantly impacts insect-plant-virus dynamics, these studies highlight that all interactions and effects need to be measured to understand thrips-TSWV interactions in their role as viral vector to plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000167/pdfft?md5=fc9a6203c3dc593b5c147866b72f6a37&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lemongrass essential oil and DEET inhibit attractant detection in infected and non-infected Ixodes scapularis ticks","authors":"Kayla Gaudet ,&nbsp;Luis Adriano Anholeto ,&nbsp;N. Kirk Hillier ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Faraone","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blacklegged tick, <em>Ixodes scapularis</em> Say (Arachnida: Ixodidae), is a growing health concern for humans as vectors the causative agent of Lyme disease, <em>Borrelia burgdorferi,</em> and many other pathogens. Given the potential health threat <em>I. scapularis</em> entails, and the need to find effective strategies to prevent tick bites, it is pivotal to understand the chemosensory system of ticks and their host-seeking behaviour when exposed to repellents. In this study, we investigated whether the exposure to synthetic and plant-derived repellents impairs the ability of <em>I. scapularis</em> to detect attractants and host volatiles (butyric acid), and ultimately how these repellents interfere with host-seeking behaviour in both wild and lab-reared ticks. Furthermore, we screened wild ticks used in electrophysiology and Y-tube behavioural assays for presence of pathogens (<em>Borrelia, Anaplasma,</em> and <em>Babesia</em>) to evaluate if the bacterial infection status would affect the detection of butyric acid under the exposure to repellents. We determined that the exposure to DEET, lemongrass essential oil, citral, and geraniol significantly inhibited the ability of both lab-reared and wild adult female <em>I. scapularis</em> to detect and respond to butyric acid. We found that tick infection status does not significantly impact host-seeking behaviour in adult female <em>I. scapularis</em>. The knowledge gained from our study contributes to advance our understanding of host-seeking behaviour in ticks and the impact that the exposure to repellent has on the tick chemosensory system. These findings will be important for elucidating the mechanism of repellence in ticks and for the development of effective tick repellent management tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266651582400026X/pdfft?md5=41756cf3df0f1511122cfd62fc86a96a&pid=1-s2.0-S266651582400026X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive biology of Hawaiian lava crickets","authors":"Aarcha Thadi,&nbsp;Justa Heinen-Kay,&nbsp;John T. Rotenberry,&nbsp;Marlene Zuk","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2024.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insects have spread across diverse ecological niches, including extreme environments requiring specialized traits for survival. However, little is understood about the reproductive traits required to facilitate persistence in such environments. Here, we report on the reproductive biology of two species of endemic Hawaiian lava crickets (<em>Caconemobius fori</em> and <em>Caconemobius anahulu</em>) that inhabit barren lava flows on the Big Island. We examine traits that reflect investment into reproduction for both male and female lava crickets and compare them to the non-extremophile Allard's ground cricket (<em>Allonemobius allardi</em>) in the same sub-family. Lava cricket females possessed fewer, but much larger eggs than ground crickets, while males do not provide the costly nuptial gifts that are characteristic of the Nemobiinae subfamily. Lava crickets also have longer ovipositors relative to their body length than related <em>Caconemobius</em> species that occupy cave habitats on the Hawaiian islands. The differences in reproduction we report reveal how these little-known cricket species may increase survival of their offspring in the resource-deprived conditions of their hot, dry environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000040/pdfft?md5=6ac8627aa363afcaa38aaa2d2f9c144f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139743232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary glands of the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis: Dissection and microscopy guide","authors":"Monika Danchenko,&nbsp;Kevin R. Macaluso","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2024.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fleas are morphologically unique ectoparasites that are hardly mistaken for any other insect. Most flea species that feed on humans and their companion animals, including the cat flea (<em>Ctenocephalides felis</em>), have medical and veterinary importance. Besides facilitating blood acquisition, salivary biomolecules can modulate pathogen transmission. Thus, dissection of salivary glands is essential for comprehensive studies on disease vectors like the cat flea. Herein, we present the pictorial dissection protocol assisting future research targeting individual flea organs, for revealing their roles in vector competence and physiology. We provide a comprehensive guide, allowing researchers, even with limited practical experience, to successfully perform microdissection for collecting cat flea salivary glands. Furthermore, the protocol does not require expensive, sophisticated equipment and can be accomplished with routinely available tools. We illustrated expected results with morphological changes of salivary glands upon blood feeding as well as fluorescently stained these organs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000106/pdfft?md5=40c890615cb15135c8207c7991694f98&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000106-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140539662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predation risk and floral rewards: How pollinators balance these conflicts and the consequences on plant fitness","authors":"Sabrina S. Gavini,&nbsp;Carolina Quintero","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Foraging behavior of pollinators is shaped by, among other factors, the conflict between maximizing resource intake and minimizing predation risk; yet, empirical studies quantifying variation in both forces are rare, compared to those investigating each separately. Here, we discuss the importance of simultaneously assessing bottom-up and top-down forces in the study of plant-pollinator interactions, and propose a conceptual and testable graphical hypothesis for pollinator foraging behavior and plant fitness outcomes as a function of varying floral rewards and predation risk. In low predation risk scenarios, no noticeable changes in pollinator foraging behavior are expected, with reward levels affecting only the activity threshold. However, as predation risk increases we propose that there is a decrease in foraging behavior, with a steeper decline as plants are more rewarding and profitable. Lastly, in high predation risk scenarios, we expect foraging to approach zero, regardless of floral rewards. Thus, we propose that pollinator foraging behavior follows an inverse S-shape curve, with more pronounced changes in foraging activity at intermediate levels of predation risk, especially in high reward systems. We present empirical evidence that is consistent with this hypothesis. In terms of the consequences for plant fitness, we propose that specialized plant-pollinator systems should be more vulnerable to increased predation risk, with a steeper and faster decline in plant fitness, compared with generalist systems, in which pollinator redundancy can delay or buffer the effect of predators. Moreover, whereas we expect that specialist systems follows a similar inverse S-shape curve, in generalist systems we propose three different scenarios as a function not only of reward level but also compatibility, mating-system, and the interplay between growth form and floral display. The incorporation of trade-offs in pollinator behavior balancing the conflicting demands between feeding and predation risk has a promising future as a key feature enabling the development of more complex foraging models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000210/pdfft?md5=603dba4f0404a08f21150e0071f078b7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000210-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The humoral immune response of the lepidopteran model insect, silkworm Bombyx mori L., to microbial pathogens","authors":"Abrar Muhammad ,&nbsp;Chao Sun ,&nbsp;Yongqi Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects are valuable models for studying innate immunity and its role in combating infections. The silkworm <em>Bombyx mori</em> L., a well-studied insect model, is susceptible to a range of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and microsporidia. Their susceptibility makes it a suitable model for investigating host-pathogen interactions and immune responses against infections and diseases. This review focuses on the humoral immune response and the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the phenoloxidase (PO) system, and other soluble factors that constitute the primary defense of silkworms against microbial pathogens. The innate immune system of silkworms relies on pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which then activate various immune pathways including Imd, Toll, JAK/STAT, and RNA interference (RNAi). Their activation triggers the secretion of AMPs, enzymatic defenses (lysozyme and PO), and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Collectively, these pathways work together to neutralize and eliminate pathogens, thereby contributing to the defense mechanism of silkworms. Understanding the innate immunity of silkworms can uncover conserved molecular pathways and key immune components shared between insects and vertebrates. Additionally, it can provide valuable insights for improving sericulture practices, developing strategies to control diseases affecting silk production, and providing a theoretical foundation for developing pest control measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000271/pdfft?md5=6bc4e25088f0ee1af73df8d610e0e6b6&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000271-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a severe cold spell on overwintering survival of an invasive forest insect pest","authors":"Chris J K MacQuarrie ,&nbsp;Victoria Derry ,&nbsp;Meghan Gray ,&nbsp;Nicole Mielewczyk ,&nbsp;Donna Crossland ,&nbsp;Jeffrey B Ogden ,&nbsp;Yan Boulanger ,&nbsp;Jeffrey G Fidgen","doi":"10.1016/j.cris.2024.100077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2024.100077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cold temperatures can play a significant role in the range and impact of pest insects. Severe cold events can reduce the size of insect outbreaks and perhaps even cause outbreaks to end. Measuring the precise impact of cold events, however, can be difficult because estimates of insect mortality are often made at the end of the winter season. In late January 2023 long-term climate models predicted a significant cold event to occur over eastern North America. We used this event to evaluate the immediate impact on hemlock woolly adelgid (<em>Adelges tsugae</em> Annand) overwintering mortality at four sites on the northern edge of the insects invaded range in eastern North America. We observed complete mortality, partial mortality and no effects on hemlock woolly adelgid mortality that correlated with the location of populations and strength of the cold event. Our data showed support for preconditioning of overwintering adelgids having an impact on their overwintering survival following this severe cold event. Finally, we compared the climatic conditions at our sites to historical weather data and previous observations of mortality in Nova Scotia. The cold event observed in February 2023 resulted in the coldest temperatures observed at these sites, including the period within which hemlock woolly adelgid invaded, suggesting cold conditions, especially under anthropogenic climate forcing, may not be a limiting factor in determining the ultimate northern range of hemlock woolly adelgid in eastern North America.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34629,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Insect Science","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000076/pdfft?md5=9e34fad855a86142865430897a36fe7f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666515824000076-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140062335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}