Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis最新文献

{"title":"An efficient and universally applicable oxygen activation strategy for carbon materials derived from various biomass: Enhancing the electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction","authors":"Qinghai Lu ,&nbsp;Yu Liang ,&nbsp;Honggang Fan ,&nbsp;Haoran Yuan ,&nbsp;Weidong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Zhou ,&nbsp;Jing Gu ,&nbsp;Gaixiu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass has been considered as the ideal precursor for the preparation of carbon-based material due to its advantages of abundant reserves and low price. However, the microstructure fine-tuning of the obtained carbon material remains challenging. In this study, an elaborate universal method was developed via oxygen activation, which can not only modify the surface composition but also can promote the formation of hierarchical structure. The wide applicability of this method has also been confirmed by various biomass precursors (corn stalks, cotton stalks, elephant grass and distiller's grains). Besides, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic performance of the fabricated catalysts was measured over a wide pH range, which was significantly improved in contrast to that of without activation, confirming the high efficiency of this method. During the pyrolysis process, the limited oxygen-etching will promote the formation of pore structure and local graphitization degree due to the reaction between oxygen and carbon, which will generate carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and release heat energy, thus, the ORR performance will be enhanced. The onset potentials (E_onset) of oxygen activated C₅-CS, C₅-MG, C₅-EG and C₅-DG were increased by 0.25, 0.31, 0.26 and 0.37 V, and the diffusion-limiting current densities (j_l) were increased by 2.36, 1.40, 2.50 and 3.48 mA cm⁻², respectively, compared to those of the non-activated carbons under neutral conditions. This study provides a new strategy for the preparation of cost-effective ORR catalysts with wide applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107024"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intramolecular isotopic distributions of associated propane in shale oil determined by an improved GC-Pyrolysis-GC-IRMS approach: Insights into influence of kerogen structures on enrichment of hydrocarbon deposits","authors":"Ruiliang Guo ,&nbsp;Xinping Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaolan Lei ,&nbsp;Sihong Liu ,&nbsp;Junlin Chen ,&nbsp;Peng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intramolecular isotopic compositions of associated propane in shale oil from the Chang-7 sub-member of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin were firstly determined by an improved GC-Pyrolysis-GC-IRMS method, which was calibrated by the quantitative isotopic ¹³C NMR method. The results show that the Δ_C-T values (δ¹³C_Central-δ¹³C_terminal) of associated C₃ are ranging from 1.3 ‰ to 2.9 ‰, the δ¹³C_Central values range from −34.2 ‰ to −31.8 ‰, while the δ¹³C_terminal values vary between −35.6 ‰ and −34.9 ‰. The molecular carbon isotopes of propane suggest that the associated gas originates from the sapropelic organic matter (OM) at the early maturation stage, while the intramolecular carbon isotopic compositions of associated C₃ indicate that the associated propane is dominated by <em>n</em>-propyl reaction pathway with contribution more than 75 %. The intramolecular isotopic compositions of C₃ derived from typical humic and sapropelic OM shows that the compositions of normal and isomeric groups within the kerogen structures could influence the chemical compositions in generated hydrocarbons. OM with high proportion of normal groups prefers to generate liquid hydrocarbons, while OM with high proportion of isomeric groups tends to generate gaseous hydrocarbons at the same maturation stage. This study demonstrates that the intramolecular isotopic composition of associated C₃ in shale oil can reflect the chemical structure of kerogen of source rock, and may further assess the shale oil potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107023"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable approach of modified biochar based adsorbents towards enhanced phosphorus removal from wastewater","authors":"S. Mari Selvam ,&nbsp;Bunushree Behera ,&nbsp;Arju Chauhan ,&nbsp;Ananya Madaan ,&nbsp;Ricky Rajamanickam ,&nbsp;K. Akshaya ,&nbsp;Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing dependence on non-renewable phosphate rocks has led towards search for new alternative methodologies for recovering it from waste reserves. Natural adsorbents from carbonaceous-rich biochar have gained attention for nutrient recovery and utilization due to their distinctive surface properties and reusability. However, often native biochar lacks appropriate functional groups or porous properties for efficient phosphorus adsorption which emphasizes the need to revisit research field to identify lacunae. Thus, an initial systematic scientometric analysis was conducted to evaluate research gaps, recent advancements, and hot spots associated with biochar-based phosphorus (P) adsorption. Boolean logic model was utilized to retrieve 1694 documents for the period 2011–2023 from web-of-science database. A rapid surge in publications was evident from 2017 onwards. China (61.7 %), USA (15.76 %), South Korea (5.88%), Australia (5.0 %), and India (4.82 %) are the top countries contributing to research domain. Major research hotspots were found to be different activation strategies for performance enhancement, interpretation of complex mechanisms using analytical techniques, and real-time end applications in water and soil. The present review also comprehensively summarizes the effects of biochar production/ modification and adsorption parameters on the P-adsorption efficiency. The underlying mechanisms include ligand/ion exchange, electrostatic interaction, surface precipitation, surface complexation. P-adsorption using biochar mostly follows Langmuir isotherm model suggesting the monolayer chemical process. Assessment of optimization parameters on adsorption process, and underlying environmental and economic impacts of biochar-based adsorbents need to be focussed. Overall, comprehensive summary delineates practicality of scaling-up biochar-based P-adsorption processes to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) combined with circular bio-economy perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107020"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing the self-stabilizing stage of ZIF-8 for highly efficient in situ Cl capture during PVC pyrolysis","authors":"Chenhao Li ,&nbsp;Yi Niu ,&nbsp;Linlin Yi ,&nbsp;Yaoqiang Li ,&nbsp;Jia Fu ,&nbsp;Fang Tang ,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Li ,&nbsp;Yanyan Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the application of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) in pyrolytic disposal of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), with the goal of assessing the <em>in situ</em> catalytic removal and capture effect of ZIF-8 on Cl, elucidating the migration pattern of Cl, revealing the mechanism of <em>in situ</em> Cl capture by ZIF-8. The results demonstrate that excellent catalytic and Cl trapping properties are exhibited by ZIF-8, and an additional 311.1 mg/g of organic Cl from PVC is facilitated to be removed at 250 ºC. The catalytic effect enhances Cl trapping at low temperatures. The solid-solid reaction between PVC and ZIF-8 during <em>in situ</em> pyrolysis significantly improves Cl capture compared to <em>ex situ</em> pyrolysis. During <em>in situ</em> pyrolysis, ZIF-8 shows excellent Cl capture between 250 and 350 ºC, where Cl is primarily captured in the solid phase as inorganic Cl. ZIF-8 achieves optimal Cl capture at 300 ºC, reaching a peak HCl removal rate of 89.5 %. At this temperature, the content of solid-phase inorganic Cl reaches a maximum of 442.0 mg/g, accounting for 78.7 wt% of the total Cl content. The key to Cl capture lies in the chemical adsorption sites of Zn²⁺ and organic ligands in the ZIF-8 structure, which can react with Cl in both solid-solid and gas-solid reactions. Additionally, crystals formed during pyrolysis create an adsorption barrier, ultimately enabling efficient Cl capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107022"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolysis kinetics and mechanism of pore formation during the pyrolysis of biomass sawdust impregnated with phosphoric acid","authors":"Honglong Xie,&nbsp;Nian He,&nbsp;Dailiu Hu,&nbsp;Yangyang Luo,&nbsp;Kuantao Zhang,&nbsp;Chongyu Du,&nbsp;Hongyan Pan,&nbsp;Zheng Chen,&nbsp;Qian Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.106999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.106999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precise regulation of the pore structure in bio-based activated carbon derived from industrial waste remains a significant challenge, which has impeded the controlled synthesis of high-quality and cost-effective industrial carbon materials. To facilitate the effective resolution of this critical issue, this work studied the pyrolysis kinetics mechanism and pore formation mechanism during pyrolysis of phosphoric acid-impregnated industrial waste biomass sawdust (BP). Results showed that the thermal decomposition of BP proceeded in four stages as follows: stage 1 was the phase boundary chemical reaction mechanism, a power-law diffusion mechanism and a phase boundary chemical reaction mechanism for stage 2, the power-law diffusion mechanism and a three-dimensional diffusion mechanism for stage 3; the stochastic nucleation and growth mechanism for stage 4. The formation mechanisms of pores were: (a) the reactions between H₃PO₄ and its derived P₂O₅ with biomas sawdust; (b) the reaction between small molecule gases such as H₂O, H₂, and CO₂ with the biomass sawdust. With increase of H₃PO₄ amount, H₃PO₄ and P₂O₅ mainly reacted with biomas sawdust. This process removed large amounts of oxygen and carbon of biomass, meanwhile formed lots of vacancies, accompanying generation of developed mesoporous structure (1.38 cm³/g). These findings provide valuable theoretical guidance for the production of high-quality industrial activated carbon with a tunable pore structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106999"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and kinetic modeling study of iso-dodecane: Pyrolysis and oxidation","authors":"Yilun Liang,&nbsp;Mo Yang,&nbsp;Wenjun Wu,&nbsp;Xinzhe Zhang,&nbsp;Juan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.106998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.106998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane (iso-dodecane) is the primary component of alcohol-to-jet synthetic paraffinic kerosene and also plays a crucial role as an iso-alkane component in jet fuel surrogates. However, there is limited availability of pyrolysis studies on iso-dodecane and its kinetic model requires improvement. In this study, the pyrolysis and oxidation experiments of iso-dodecane were conducted using a flow reactor combined with on-line gas chromatographic (GC) and GC - mass spectrometry (MS) to obtain the mole fraction profiles of species. Based on the obtained experimental data, a new kinetic model for iso-dodecane was developed and validated, demonstrating superior predictive performance compared to the literature models. The rate of production analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to elucidate the high temperature reaction mechanisms of iso-dodecane. The primary decomposition of iso-dodecane in pyrolysis occurs through unimolecular decomposition channel (U-D) and H-abstraction channel (H-A). The U-D reaction XC₁₂H₂₆ = TC₄H₉ + IC8–5R governs the fuel's reactivity in pyrolysis. Furthermore, a pyrolysis experiment was conducted for n-dodecane under identical conditions to those employed for iso-dodecane pyrolysis, allowing for a comparison between the two fuels based on the experimental data and modeling analysis. Iso-dodecane exhibits higher pyrolysis reactivity than n-dodecane due to its stronger ability in U-D. The new model was also validated by the ignition delay times from the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106998"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing polystyrene recycling: Temperature-responsive of pyrolysis in a pilot-scale vortex reactor","authors":"Bahman Goshayeshi ,&nbsp;Rohit Kumar ,&nbsp;Yihan Wang ,&nbsp;Robin John Varghese ,&nbsp;Sangram Roy ,&nbsp;Bhargav Baruah ,&nbsp;Angeliki A. Lemonidou ,&nbsp;Kevin M. Van Geem","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the pyrolysis of polystyrene in a pilot-scale vortex reactor, focusing on styrene recovery and byproduct distribution at different temperatures. The vortex reactor’s unique design enables enhanced heat and mass transfer, coupled with reduced residence time, leading to minimized secondary reactions. Experiments were conducted at 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C temperatures, with a comprehensive product analysis using GC×GC-FID and RGA. The results show that styrene recovery increases with temperature, reaching 86 wt% and 88 wt% at 600 °C and 700 °C, respectively. This is more than 15 wt% higher than classical continuous reactors such as stirred tanks or fluidized bed reactors. At higher temperatures, the production of undesired oligomers, such as dimers and trimers, decreases. Additionally, the yield of lighter aliphatic compounds increases at higher temperatures, suggesting further cracking of aromatic substituent groups. The findings demonstrate the vortex reactor’s potential in optimizing the pyrolysis process, making it a viable solution for efficient PS recycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the regularity of hydrogenation and ring-opening via hydrodenitrogenation on the CaO surface of pyrolysis conditions – Taking pyrrole and pyridine as examples","authors":"Zilong Wang ,&nbsp;Shuqi Wang ,&nbsp;Lixia Ling ,&nbsp;Caiping Ma ,&nbsp;Riguang Zhang ,&nbsp;Baojun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Removing nitrogen-containing substances during low-rank coal and sludge co-pyrolysis is crucial for the resource utilization and environmental protection. We have intensively investigated the intramolecular hydrogen transfer denitrification and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) reaction pathways of pyrrole and pyridine on the CaO(001) surface using density functional theory (DFT) method. Compared to hydrogen transfer, hydrogenation significantly promotes nitrogen removal. We obtained the mechanism of partial hydrogenation pathways in which the unsaturated β-C position radical is formed to break C−N bond via Hofmann elimination (E2) mechanism. On this basis, we found the universality of nitrogen-containing heterocycle compounds HDN on CaO surface: the delocalized conjugated radical intermediates are more stable than the localized radical intermediates, which is the decisive factor for the cleavage of the C−N bond and the C−C bond; the strong nucleophilicity and weak steric hindrance mean the high hydrogenation activity, which influences the hydrogenation sequence; the acidity or alkalinity of the nitrogen-containing compounds determines their adsorption modes on the CaO surface, which is a factor affecting the distribution of the products. The microkinetic analysis result shows that the HDN reaction rates of pyrrole and pyridine significantly increase when the temperature reaches to 950 K and the main denitrification product is NH₃. Our research provides new insights into more nitrogen-containing heterocycle compounds HDN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and Chlorella vulgaris over composite catalyst: Characteristics and bio-oil analysis","authors":"Xingchen Zhao ,&nbsp;Song Qiu ,&nbsp;Mingshan Jiang ,&nbsp;Chunxiang Chen ,&nbsp;Shiyuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microwave co-pyrolysis of <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> (CV) and bagasse (BA) with composite additives (the mixing of two or more single catalysts) can effectively improve the pyrolysis characteristics and the quality of bio-oil. In this study, a composite catalyst B1O1 was prepared by bio-char (BC) and calcium oxide (CaO) at the ratio of 1:1. The comparison between the effects of B1O1 and two single catalysts (BC and CaO), at different addition amounts (10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 % and 50 %) was investigated. Also, the effect of the interaction between BC and CaO during co-pyrolysis was analyzed. The results showed that the B1O1 composite catalyst can effectively improve the co-pyrolysis characteristics, and the maximum weight loss rate (<em>R</em>_m, 0.11106 wt%/s) and the maximum average weight loss rate (<em>R</em>_v, 0.02674 wt%/s) were obtained at 50 % B1O1. Moreover, at 40 % B1O1, the bio-oil yield reached the highest (23.50 %). Finally, GC-MS analysis showed that, under 40 % B1O1, the content of nitrogen and oxygen containing compounds in bio-oil was reduced by 1.85 % and 8.99 %, respectively, while the hydrocarbons content was increased by 14.17 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107008"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143334434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of highly acid ZSM-5 composed of nanocrystal stacks for reforming of lignite pyrolysis volatiles to light aromatics","authors":"Shi-Jie Cai ,&nbsp;Jing-Pei Cao ,&nbsp;Nai-Yu Yao ,&nbsp;Jing-Ping Zhao ,&nbsp;Xin-Bo Pang ,&nbsp;Min Xu ,&nbsp;You Lu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Yan Zhao ,&nbsp;Tungalagtamir Bold","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The catalytic conversion of pyrolytic volatile matter from lignite represents an effective strategy for the high-value utilization of low-rank coal. Highly acidic (Si/Al = 11) ZSM-5 zeolites consisting of nanocrystalline stacks were synthesized in a controlled manner and treated with ZSM-5 using an ethanol-triethylamine-water buffer solution system, and the acidity and structure of the zeolites were modulated by varying the treatment time. The series catalysts were employed in the conversion of lignite pyrolysis volatiles to light aromatics (LAs). The pore size of the highly acidic ZSM-5 zeolite was increased by the treatment of the slow-release solution, the strong acid content was reduced and the medium and weak acid content was increased. This one-step modification combines the processes of pore size enlargement and acid center optimization, thus reducing the rate of catalyst deactivation and increasing light aromatic yields. HZ-168 (treated with an alkaline solution for 168 h) gave LAs yielded up to 27.1 mg/g, characterized by the highest amount of B/L acid, the largest pore volume and mesoporous surface area. Furthermore, the activity remained stable after five cycles, indicating the potential for sustained performance. The increase in the number of nanocrystalline interstitial pores and the enlargement of the average pore size promoted the mass transfer efficiency of the reactants as well as the accessibility of the catalyst acid sites with the treatment time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107009"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}