Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis最新文献

{"title":"Influence of the molecular structure of precursor pitch from different sources on the structure and properties of mesophase pitch and its derived carbon fibers","authors":"Guangxue Zhou ,&nbsp;Bin Lou ,&nbsp;Luning Chai ,&nbsp;Ning Xiang ,&nbsp;Ronghuan Gou ,&nbsp;Shifu Cheng ,&nbsp;Hongyan Chang ,&nbsp;Dong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structure and properties of mesophase pitch and its derived carbon fibers are closely related to the molecular structure of precursor pitch. Exploring the relationship between mesophase characteristics and precursors at the molecular level is of great significance. In this study, mesophase pitch was prepared from petroleum pitch (PP), coal liquefied pitch (CLP), and coal tar pitch (CTP), and the effects of the molecular structures of PP, CLP, and CTP on the structure and properties of mesophase pitch and its derived carbon fibers were systematically investigated. The results showed that PP has the highest H/C atomic ratio of 0.88 and lower aromaticity (<em>f</em>_a = 0.64) due to its rich aliphatic structure (H_α = 30.79 wt%) with a long alkyl side chain. The semi-rigid molecular structure endows MP-PP with a low softening point (292 ℃), wide-domain optical texture, and excellent spinnability. The relatively poor planar structure, smaller microcrystalline structure size, and the low order degree of MP-PP result in a lower tensile strength and Young's modulus of MPCF-PP, which were 1258 MPa and 146 GPa, respectively. CLP exhibits higher aromaticity (<em>f</em>_a=0.70) and a large number of naphthenic structures (H_N = 11.02 wt%), along with a moderate amount of alkyl side chains. The ordered arrangement of aromatic molecules and the formation of large-size microcrystalline structures (<em>d</em>₀₀₂ = 0.3423 nm, <em>L</em>_c =4.36 nm) give MP-CLP flow-domain optical texture and good thermal stability. MPCF-CLP has the highest tensile strength and Young's modulus among the three types, reaching 1364 MPa and 165 GPa, respectively. CTP had the highest aromaticity, the least amount of alkyl side chain, and the highest PI component content of 20.7 wt%, leading to the excessive condensation of MP-CTP, which has a high softening point (312 ℃), the obvious mosaic structure, the poorly ordered microcrystalline structure, and the worst spinnability, resulting in a splitting morphology of MPCF-CTP and the worst mechanical properties. This study provides theoretical support for the refinement of precursor pitch and the preparation of mesophase pitch and its derived carbon fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107298"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution characteristics and migration rules of liquid hydrocarbon products in fractured oil shale formation under real condition","authors":"Qinchuan Yang ,&nbsp;Shuwei Ma ,&nbsp;Ting Xue ,&nbsp;Shenhui Ma ,&nbsp;Rui Yan ,&nbsp;Chaofan Zhu ,&nbsp;Wei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The autothermic pyrolysis in-situ conversion process (ATS) provides the possibility for the commercial application of oil shale resource, and current efforts in in-situ transformation chemical analysis have further improved the ATS process. In this study, the component distribution characteristics and migration rules of liquid hydrocarbon products collected from different conversion experiments are comprehensively investigated. The results reveal that compared with conventional ground retorting (CR), with the advance of in-situ conversion reaction (high-temperature nitrogen in-situ conversion process HNICP and ATS), the content of light components (saturates and aromatics) in HNICP and ATS process gradually decrease from 77.63 % and 84.32–54.58 % and 66.80 %, respectively, indicating that the cracked oil obtained in different conversion stages shows the characteristics of gradual transformation from light to heavy. For the HNICP and ATS process, the in-situ high-pressure pyrolysis environment and the sharp reduction of seepage performance resulted in the secondary cracking and in-situ retention of heavy components during the migration process of pyrolytic products, which make the cracked oil light on the whole. The higher local pyrolysis temperature and excess oxygen in ATS will aggravate the secondary cracking of products, causing a more negative impact on the recovery of heavy components. Meanwhile, the component distribution results of cracked oil under different conversion parameters show that the in-situ autothermic conversion has a stable product migration process and product quality improvement effect. It is hoped that this study can provide a reliable reference for the further application of the ATS process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biochar: Influence of thermochemical parameters and analytical considerations","authors":"Cai Jen Sia ,&nbsp;Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh ,&nbsp;Lee Hoon Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar is increasingly recognised for its positive impact on agricultural and environmental sustainability. However, a group of organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), can form during biochar production. The PAH levels in biochar are determined by factors like feedstock type, charring temperature, residence time, and heating rate during the thermochemical process. Generally, higher PAH content results from more intense thermal conditions. Light PAHs mainly form at temperatures below 500°C, while heavy PAHs tend to form at higher temperatures over 500°C. Generally, PAHs can pose health and environmental risks due to their toxicity. Therefore, understanding the risks associated with biochar is essential to ensure its safe application. This literature review will discuss the background of PAHs and biochar, including their occurrence, formation mechanisms, and associated health effects. It will also cover different thermochemical conversion techniques for biochar production, along with common extraction, cleanup and analytical techniques used to analyse PAHs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107296"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explicit microrelief-controlled decoupling of initial aerobic decay and leaching (in hummocks) and anaerobic decay (in hollows) in surface layers of a Sphagnum-dominated peatland","authors":"M. Pérez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;A. Alten ,&nbsp;M. Miler ,&nbsp;J. Kaal","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding decay processes in peat deposits is fundamental for predicting their role as sources or sinks of atmospheric carbon in a changing environment. It is known that the distribution of microhabitats –hummock, lawn and hollow– within peatlands affects organic matter quality and degradation, but microtopography-dependent carbon dynamics are poorly understood on the molecular level. We studied early decomposition across microtopography levels through analyses of superficial moss cores from a <em>Sphagnum</em>-dominated ombrotrophic peatland in Central Germany, and a 400-day incubation experiment, using analytical pyrolysis. Interpretations were aided by analysis of living vegetation and a deep peat core as reference. Stable and labile pools of polysaccharides dominated the pyrolyzates and played a crucial role in decay dynamics. Two distinct degradation processes emerged: 1) anaerobic decay, characterized by loss of polysaccharides and selective preservation of lignin and aliphatic OM; and 2) leaching of labile phenolic compounds (including sphagnum acid) and free carbohydrates with concomitant initial aerobic degradation and selective preservation of structural polysaccharides. The relative importance of these initial decay processes is spatially dependent; anaerobic decay was detectable in only some of the more evolved hollow layers, while aerobic degradation and leaching dominated in hummocks. Sphagnum acid’s molecular markers appeared useful tracers of early decay as it probably has a leaching-sensitive component in hyaline cells (corroborated by SEM micrographs) that is lost rapidly from hummocks, but not from hollows. Hence, the occurrence of sphagnum acid in peat cores is influenced by microrelief position during peat accretion. This study highlights how microhabitat variations within peatlands influence decay mechanisms on the molecular level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107295"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolysis behavior of multi-component photovoltaic modules waste: A coupled STA-FTIR-MCC and modeling approach","authors":"Yan Ding ,&nbsp;Mengxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Jing Jiao ,&nbsp;Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Hongyun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the first million tons of photovoltaics (PV) modules approaching decommissioning, efficient recycling is crucial. Pyrolysis has proven to be an effective method for PV modules recycling. This work details a methodology to characterize the pyrolysis behavior of multi-component PV modules. The mass loss, heat flow, and gaseous products evolution of pyrolyzing PV modules were systematically investigated through simultaneous thermal analysis (STA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the pyrolysis process of PV modules proceeded through four stages, including the melting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) component, initial thermal decomposition of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) component, progressive pyrolysis of EVA coupled with PET chain scission, and pyrolysis of residual organic matter. The gaseous products were primarily composed of CO₂, H₂O, and carboxylic acids along with their derivatives. The heat released from the combustion of volatile products was measured using microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC). Through the inverse modeling of STA-MCC results using coupled ThermaKin2Ds modeling framework and Hill-climbing optimization method, the pyrolysis reaction kinetics, heat of reactions, heat capacities of condensed-phase components, and heat of combustion of gaseous products were determined. Subsequently, the pyrolysis model of PV modules was developed, accurately reproducing the experimental pyrolysis reaction rate, heat flow, and heat release rate, with total mass loss deviations &lt; 3 %, total integral heat flow deviations &lt; 10 %, and total heat released deviations &lt; 10 %. This model was further testified against experimental data acquired under varied heating conditions. This work can provide guidance for optimizing pyrolysis recycling of PV modules waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107292"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144678856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different olefinic active species on molecular growth of heavy aromatic fraction in deep processing of thermally cracked oil","authors":"Feng Wang ,&nbsp;Shouhui Jiao ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaohan Jin ,&nbsp;He Liu ,&nbsp;Zongxian Wang ,&nbsp;Aijun Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although highly reactive olefinic species are abundant in thermally cracked oil, previous studies have predominantly focused on the macroscopic fouling effects of aliphatic olefins during transportation/storage. In contrast, the molecular-level mechanisms by which aromatic olefins promote coking during thermal conversion remained unclear. This work systematically investigated how aromatic olefins drive molecular growth and coke formation of heavy aromatic fractions. Thermal conversion experiments with vacuum residue (VR), resins (Re), and asphaltenes (Asp) mixed with olefin model compounds revealed that aromatic olefins accelerated coking compared to aliphatic olefins, with the coking-promoting effect intensifying as the number of aromatic rings in the molecule increased. At 410°C for 60 min, the addition of 5 wt% 9-vinylanthracene to VR increased the coke yield from 1.35 wt% to 5.72 wt%, versus 1.68 wt% with the addition of 5 wt% 1-octene. Similarly, the addition of 5 wt% 9-vinylanthracene elevated the coke yields for Re and Asp systems from 0.66 wt% and 41.28 wt% to 5.13 wt% and 50.84 wt%, respectively, compared to 1.08 wt% (Re) and 43.36 wt% (Asp) observed with the addition of 1-octene. Model compound system studies demonstrated that, aromatic olefins, unlike 1-octene, could further react with primary addition products formed by their initial co-addition with conventional aromatics, leading to the formation of secondary and high-order addition products. Notably, aromatic olefins exhibited increasing reactivity in continuous co-addition reactions as the number of aromatic rings increased. This was supported by 42.2 % high-order addition products detected in the toluene/9-vinylanthracene system versus 30.1 % in the toluene/styrene system. This study elucidated that aromatic olefin promoted molecular growth through continuous co-addition reactions, ultimately triggering phase separation and coke formation. The findings provided molecular-level insights into the adverse impacts of aromatic olefins on industrial processing of thermally cracked oil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107294"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolysis oil upgrading via hydrotreatment to produce alternative fuel using ZrO2-supported catalysts and isopropanol as a solvent","authors":"Nitchakul Hongloi ,&nbsp;Hossein Jahromi ,&nbsp;Tawsif Rahman ,&nbsp;Sushil Adhikari","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass pyrolysis is a promising approach for sustainable bioenergy production, primarily due to its ability to produce a high amount of liquid. However, the high oxygen content in pyrolysis oil limits its applicability in transportation fuels, necessitating deoxygenation for upgrading. Conventional two-step upgrading processes, involving stabilization and hydrotreatment, can be complex and costly. This study investigates a one-step hydrotreatment of fast pyrolysis bio-oil from pine wood using isopropanol (IPA) as a hydrogen-donating solvent to upgrade pyrolysis oil properties. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to assess the influence of solvent type (IPA vs. glycerol), hydrogen pressure (500 vs. 1000 psi), and catalyst types (NiMo/ZrO₂, CoMo/ZrO₂, NiMo/Al₂O₃, CoMo/Al₂O₃, Ni/SiO₂-Al₂O₃) on the physicochemical characteristics of the upgraded oil. IPA demonstrated superior performance in increasing carbon content of upgraded oil (from 43.9 % to 68.5 %) and higher heating value (from 17.4 to 31.2 MJ/kg), whereas glycerol promoted greater oxygen removal (up to 89.6 %) under moderate pressure (500 psi) with NiMo/ZrO₂. The effect of hydrogen pressure depends on the catalyst type. Among the evaluated catalysts, NiMo/ZrO₂ demonstrated superior performance for pyrolysis oil upgrading. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated minimal coke formation on NiMo-based catalysts, particularly with ZrO₂ support. Simulated distillation results further emphasized the role of reaction time in maximizing jet fuel-range product yields. Catalyst regeneration experiments confirmed that NiMo/ZrO₂ maintains robust deoxygenation activity over three cycles, with only slight deactivation attributed to coke accumulation. This study offers a practical route for efficient one-step pyrolysis oil upgrading using a non-noble catalyst and IPA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107293"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing into the factors influencing the catalytic performance of ZnO and its catalytic mechanism in dimethyl methylcyclohexyl-2,4-dicarbamate pyrolysis","authors":"Shutong Pang ,&nbsp;Hualiang An ,&nbsp;Guirong Wang ,&nbsp;Xinqiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanji Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pyrolysis of dimethyl methylcyclohexyl-2,4-dicarbamate (HTDC) is one of the most important steps in the highly selective synthesis of methylcyclohexyl-2,4-diisocyanate (HTDI) through the non-phosgene route. In this work, we found that two commercial ZnO samples showed a distinct catalytic performance in HTDC pyrolysis reaction. With the aid of catalyst characterizations of XRD, SEM, TEM, N₂ adsorption-desorption, XPS, TG/DSC, etc, we are convinced that particle size, specific surface area, crystal plane exposed, and oxygen vacancy concentration are responsible for the catalytic performance of ZnO sample. On this basis, ZnO-catalyzed HTDC pyrolysis reaction process was elucidated by the analyses from both in-situ FTIR and the first-principles calculations. The above investigations demonstrated that employing the ZnO catalyst with suitable oxygen vacancy concentration and achieving a rapid separation of HTDI from the reaction system in the reaction process are the keys to attaining highly selective synthesis of HTDI. The pyrolysis of HTDC proceeds by a predominant adsorption on the ZnO surface through the hydrogen atom of the amino group and the oxygen atom of the methoxy group rather than the carbonyl oxygen. And what’s more, the methyl carbamate group in the para-position is pyrolyzed prefercially compared with that in the ortho-position due to the effect of the steric hindrance of methy group. This work paved a new way to highly selective pyrolysis of HTDC to HTDI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107290"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic upgrading of waste tire pyrolysis volatiles over Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts","authors":"Jinze Dai ,&nbsp;Hongbo Feng ,&nbsp;Bilainu Oboirien ,&nbsp;Sicheng Liu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zeguang Wu ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Chen ,&nbsp;Shiqiu Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the product distribution of waste tire pyrolysis through catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis volatiles, Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts of various particle sizes (150 nm and 5 μm) and Si/Al ratios (70 and 19) were synthesized and evaluated in a two-stage fixed bed reactor. Insights into the morphological, structural, and compositional features of Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts were obtained using SEM-EDS, XRD, XPS, physisorption, and NH₃-TPD. As compared to non-catalytic pyrolysis, Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts increased the yield of pyrolysis oil from 33.48 % to 39.64 % while boosting the total fraction of aromatics in oil from 62.4 % to &gt; 92 %, exhibiting strong capabilities of converting alkenes to aromatics. In addition, with Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts, the pyrolysis oil contained a significant fraction of benzene and toluene (&gt;19 %), while the fraction of heteroatomic compounds decreased. Specifically, the loading of 3 wt% Ga, the use of nano-sized ZSM-5, and a lower Si/Al ratio enhanced the overall catalytic performance. Moreover, the occurrence of sulfur in pyrolysis products was explored. This work demonstrated Ga/ZSM-5 as effective catalyst for ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of waste tire.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107291"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermochemical recycling of waste glass fiber-reinforced polymers: A research based on experiments and quantum chemical calculations","authors":"Ran Tao ,&nbsp;Yufeng Wu ,&nbsp;Junnan Geng ,&nbsp;Yidi Zhan ,&nbsp;Lijuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Bin Li ,&nbsp;Haoran Yuan ,&nbsp;Jing Gu ,&nbsp;Yong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The large-scale recycling and resource utilization of waste glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRPs) represents a critical challenge constraining the sustainable development of the composite materials industry. In this study, common waste GFRPs, specifically retired wind turbine blades (WTBs), were systematically investigated to elucidate their thermochemical conversion mechanisms and glass fiber regeneration technologies. This approach effectively resolves the existing bottlenecks of low pyrolysis efficiency and unclear reaction mechanisms in current thermal decomposition approaches. Through experimental analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, this study reveals the degradation characteristics of retired WTBs: weight loss occurs between 290 and 500°C with an average apparent activation energy of approximately 170 kJ·mol⁻¹ . A synergistic pyrolysis-oxidation process was developed, achieving 89.5 % pyrolysis efficiency under optimal parameters (pyrolysis temperature: 500°C, pyrolysis time: 80 min, carrier gas flow rate: 50 mL·min⁻¹). Surface-clean glass fibers were successfully obtained via subsequent oxidative treatment (500°C for 80 min), achieving an organic component removal efficiency exceeding 98 %. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that epoxy resin pyrolysis follows a free radical-dominated degradation pathway: initial homolytic cleavage of C-O bonds generates various radical intermediates, which subsequently recombine to form characteristic products including bisphenol A, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and propylene. Notably, the presence of glass fibers (SiO₂) significantly reduces C-O bond orders, thereby accelerating resin matrix dissociation. This research provides both theoretical foundations and technical pathways for GFRPs valorization, demonstrating substantial industrial application potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 107277"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}