Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis最新文献

{"title":"Co-pyrolytic valorization and synergistic interactions of waste tire and corn plant stalk: A detailed study on kinetics, thermodynamics attributes, drivers, and mechanistic pathways of pollutants reduction","authors":"Muhammad Zohaib Farooq ,&nbsp;Guanyi Chen ,&nbsp;Akash Kumar ,&nbsp;Fawei Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste tire (WT) pyrolysis is a well-known technique for the production of fuel, but the formation of pollutants such as PAHs, S-compounds and N-compounds is inevitable due to the existence of sulfur, nitrogen and several additives. The co-pyrolysis of waste tire with biomass can be a viable solution to inhibit the pollutants to mitigate environmental issues. Therefore, co-pyrolysis of waste tire and corn plant stalk (CPS) is performed in TG-MS and Py-GCMS to investigate the synergistic effect. The addition of CPS improved pyrolysis efficiency of WT which resulted in earlier decomposition temperature and reduction in residual from 35.44 wt% to 27.75 wt%. Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis revealed that the average activation energy of co-pyrolysis blends decreased from 83.9 kJ/mol to 46.3 kJ/mol and the addition of CPS avoid the activation complex. The peaks intensities of SO₂ and H₂S were highest compared to COS, CS₂ and CH₃SH in WT100 but NH₃ and HNCO in CPS100 showed maximum peaks than HCN, NO. The peaks of 9 series of gaseous PAHs in WT100 were higher than CPS100. The blend ratios WT/CPS 2:2 and WT/CPS 1:3 reduced the emission of gaseous sulfur, nitrogen and PAHs compounds. The effect of final pyrolysis temperature and blend ratios in Py-GCMS analysis unveiled that co-pyrolysis maxing ratio WT/CPS 2:2 at 500 ℃ effectively minimized the phenolic, aldehydes, ketones, and acids which enhanced the fuel quality as well as lowered the benzene derivatives/ single ring aromatic hydrocarbons (SRAH) which are regarded as PAHs precursors. Furthermore, the difference between experimental and calculated yield confirms that the synergistic effect completely inhibited PAHs and decreased the N-compounds and S-compounds as well as increased the alkene and olefins. So, the results indicated that co-pyrolysis of WT with biomass can significantly restrain the pollutants and enhance the pyrolytic oil quality which can be used as an alternative environmental friendly fuel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107202"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic fast co-pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass and polypropylene over bimetallic catalysts to promote the formation of hydrocarbons","authors":"Zhongwei Wang ,&nbsp;Daokuan Liang ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Li ,&nbsp;Heyi Huang ,&nbsp;Xiao He ,&nbsp;Zhaoying Li ,&nbsp;Yong Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lignocellulosic biomass is considered a renewable resource with great potential to replace fossil energy, which has a relatively low effective H/Ceff ratio. As a result, its thermochemical conversion products are of low calorific value and quality. Polypropylene (PP) is rich in hydrogen and contains little oxygen. Catalytic fast co-pyrolysis (co-CFP) of cotton stalks (CS) and PP significantly improved bio-oil quality. It enables the efficient and clean utilization of CS and PP, while enhancing the concentration of BTEX (Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) and other liquid hydrocarbons in bio-oil. In this study, bimetallic catalysts are prepared by alkali-modified HZSM-5 and zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) loaded with Ni and Mo, respectively. The impact of different ratios on the product is explored, revealing their synergistic effects in the co-CFP process. XRD, XPS, TEM, and other methods characterize the morphology and physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The co-CFP of CS and PP by Py-GC/MS and thermogravimetric experiments is investigated. The experimental conditions were as follows: pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, raw material mixing ratio of 1:1, and feedstock-to-catalyst ratio of 1:1. In the catalytic stage, when the Ni:Mo ratio was set to 2:1, the relative hydrocarbon content in the Ni-Mo/ZrO₂ catalyst reached a maximum value (75.2 %) at Ni:Mo= 2:1. The relative hydrocarbon content initially decreased and then increased with decreased Ni/Mo ratio and reached the minimum at 1:2. The relative hydrocarbon content in the Ni-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst reaches a maximum value (60.9 %) at Ni:Mo= 2:1. Ni-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst has more substantial selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons. The synergistic effect between metals is explored using reaction kinetics based on thermogravimetric experiments. Based on thermogravimetric experiments, the synergistic effects between metals were analyzed using reaction kinetics. Specifically, this involves effectively reducing the activation energy of the reaction, thereby promoting the formation of hydrocarbons. For the NiMo/ZrO₂ catalyst, the activation energy generally decreases with increasing Mo content (from 38.51 to 29.47 kJ/mol). In contrast, when HZSM-5 is used as the support material, the activation energy decreases with increasing Mo loading and decreasing Ni loading (from 12.31 to 8.43 kJ/mol). The right amount of metal loading introduces the catalyst's active site, and the synergy between the metals further improves the bio-oil quality. The activation energy is lowest when Ni:Mo = 2:1. The change trend is consistent with the content of hydrocarbons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107199"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) and analytical pyrolysis for assessing chemical degradation pathways in waterlogged Neolithic wood","authors":"Mohamed Traoré ,&nbsp;Antonio Martínez Cortizas ,&nbsp;Olalla López-Costas ,&nbsp;Federico Paolino ,&nbsp;Jeannette Jacqueline Łucejko","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This investigation focuses on getting a further understanding of the wood degradation processes based on results obtained by chemical analysis (combining mid-infrared spectroscopy and analytical pyrolysis) of waterlogged woods recovered from an acidic marsh sediment during an archaeological excavation at the <em>O Areal</em> archaeological site (Vigo, NW Spain). The woods consist of eight oak (<em>Quercus</em> sp.) and two cherry (<em>Prunus</em> sp.) remains that were radiocarbon dated between 6100 and 5990 cal BC. The results indicate clear changes in the wood’s chemical composition related to the degradation of the polysaccharide and lignin compounds. The chemical changes are attributed to various degradation processes, including, (i) hydrolysis of polysaccharides, (ii) partial depolymerization of lignin as well as polysaccharides, and (iii) partial oxidation of the lignin. Furthermore, contrasting the pyrolysis data with mid-infrared results enabled to connect specific mid-infrared signals with depolymerization and oxidation of the lignocellulosic components in the studied waterlogged wood material. Our findings point out that an accurate interpretation of waterlogged wood chemical degradation requires considerations beyond the commonly stated depletion of wood polysaccharide content. Finally, this study demonstrates that integrating FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and analytical pyrolysis provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of chemical changes during wood degradation. Such an outcome may be crucial for conservators seeking to identify and address the vulnerabilities of waterlogged ancient wood exposed to specific burial conditions like highly acidic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107197"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution law of nano-pore structure characteristics during the underground pyrolysis process of tar-rich coal","authors":"Jie Chen ,&nbsp;Yongping Wu ,&nbsp;Yubin Ke ,&nbsp;Tao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic evolution of nanopore architectures critically governs the adsorption efficiency of hydrocarbons in tar-rich coal during subsurface pyrolysis, offering a pathway to optimize product yields. In this study, two types of Chinese coal were analyzed using the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) instrument to monitor changes in nanopore structure throughout the underground pyrolysis process. The experiment uses the in-situ SANS instrument at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), with temperatures ranging from 30℃ to 800℃, under two different heating rates (5 and 20℃/min). These measurements were complemented by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The experimental results show that the average nanopore size increases progressively with rising temperatures, particularly between 300°C and 500°C during the devolatilization stage, where it grows from 112.8 nm to 131.3 nm. Furthermore, at elevated temperatures, coal nanopores tend to become isotropic, regardless of their initial distribution. A slower heating rate results in higher overall scattering intensity and more pronounced nanopore development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107198"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolysis of Co-hydrothermally pretreated LDPE and straw for enhanced bio-oil recovery from agricultural plastic waste","authors":"Paola Giammattei ,&nbsp;Madeline Karod ,&nbsp;Ran Darzi ,&nbsp;Roy Posmanik ,&nbsp;Jillian L. Goldfarb","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural plastics improve crop quality, reduce water use, extend growing cycles, and slow the spread of disease and infestations. Despite such benefits, agricultural plastic waste (APW) is poorly managed. To valorize APW, we propose a two-step process in which APW is pre-hydrothermally treated and then pyrolyzed. Hydrothermal processing (HTP) reduces the elemental oxygen and volatile matter present in raw lignocellulosic biomass. Consequently, we hypothesized that co-HTP of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and straw would produce a bio-oil with fewer oxygenated compounds upon pyrolysis of the hydrochar than pyrolysis of the raw residues. LDPE, straw and a 4:1 LDPE-to-straw mixture were hydrothermally treated at 250 °C and 300 °C. The hydrochars were then pyrolyzed at 450 °C or 650 °C. Co-HTP produced a pyrolysis bio-oil primarily composed of aliphatic compounds and reduced the number of compounds with oxygen functional groups present. Additionally, co-HTP reduced the devolatilization of straw to a single step at 450 °C, reducing the energy required for the pyrolysis process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107184"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of sulfur chemical morphology of petroleum pitches on their mesophase transformation behaviors and microcrystalline structure of the derived artificial graphite","authors":"Jianguang Guo ,&nbsp;Disheng Lu ,&nbsp;Pei Chen ,&nbsp;Hui Zhu ,&nbsp;Baoliu Li ,&nbsp;Subei Li ,&nbsp;Chengzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhijun Dong ,&nbsp;Ye Cong ,&nbsp;Xuanke Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clarifying the chemical morphological evolution of organic sulfur (S) compounds in fluid catalytic cracking decant oils (FCC-DOs) during heat treatment is crucial for optimizing the microstructure and properties of their derived carbon materials. Herein, three FCC-DOs with varying S content (named as FCC-0.2, FCC-1.3 and FCC-2.0, respectively) were used to prepare artificial graphite through a multi-step process, including pre-polymerization, delayed coking, calcination, and graphitization. S compounds were classified into four categories: thioalcohols, thiophenes, sulfoxides, and sulfones. Their transformation pathways during mesophase transformation and their effects on the microstructural and electrochemical properties of the derived artificial graphite were investigated. The results indicate that thiophenes in P-1.3, through C–S bonds acting as active sites for radical hydrogenation reactions, facilitated the alkylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), thereby enhancing molecular stacking orientation of the derived mesophase pitch (MP-1.3). In contrast, S<img>O bonds in sulfoxides and sulfones of P-2.0 served as active sites for radical addition reactions, promoting S crosslinking and impeding the mesophase transformation of PAHs. The conversion of sulfoxides and sulfones adversely impacted microcrystalline development, leading to reduced crystallite size and graphitization degree. Consequently, while the artificial graphite exhibited lower specific discharge capacity, it demonstrated improved rate performance as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107189"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pyrolysis on the properties of continuously extruded carbon foam from carbon ore","authors":"Caleb Gula ,&nbsp;Kody Wolfe ,&nbsp;Jason Trembly ,&nbsp;John Staser ,&nbsp;Rudolph Olson III ,&nbsp;Eric Shereda ,&nbsp;Yahya Al-Majali","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal-derived carbon foams have been identified as an ideal candidate in high-value industries due to their tailorable properties suitable for harsh environments and inexpensive precursors. However, the typical batch manufacturing method introduces processing limitations that a continuous foaming method can overcome, while still producing similar property characteristics, making it ideal for expanding the utilization of bulk carbon foam materials in high-volume industries such as building construction. This research investigated the effects of pyrolysis on continuously manufactured coal-derived green foam and successfully determined material-process-structure-property relationships. Pyrolysis schedules for two continuously manufactured coal-derived green foams (Pittsburgh No. 8 and White Forest) were developed via thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and subsequently thermally treated. Microstructure was investigated post thermal treatment with optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and computed tomography scanning. Char yield, thermo-oxidative stability, flexural strength, compressive strength, and bulk density were investigated. The pyrolysis schedules were successfully developed, resulting in carbonized materials with thermal, mechanical, and physical properties similar to those of traditionally batch-manufactured foam.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of primary and secondary char formation during pyrolysis of torrefied cellulose","authors":"Jinzheng Chen,&nbsp;Zhimin Lu,&nbsp;Jianfeng Cai,&nbsp;Yulong Lin,&nbsp;Yanjiang Li,&nbsp;Shunchun Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass preparation by torrefaction could be a suitable option to improve the quality of biomass feedstocks for a subsequent thermal conversion process. Char produced from the pyrolysis of torrefied biomass is critical to downstream process development. This study explored the primary and secondary char formation of the torrefied cellulose, with the extent of secondary reaction manipulated by the sample dimension, pyrolysis pressure and pyrolysis heating rate. Cellulose samples were torrefied at 200 °C, 260 °C, and 320 °C, and subsequently pyrolyzed in a hot-plate reactor at 1000 °C, under heating rates of 10–200 °C/min with a pressure of 0.1 or 1000 mbar, using either thin-film or thick-layer samples. The results indicated that the structural transformation induced by torrefaction and the secondary reactions promoted by the pyrolysis conditions led to significant variations in the char yield, ranging from 1.6 wt% to 57.8 wt%. Torrefaction enhanced char formation during the primary reactions in two ways: by reducing the degree of depolymerization of the carbohydrate structure and by promoting the formation of crosslinked structures. The sensitivity of secondary char formation to the pyrolysis conditions varied with torrefaction severity, with the maximum increase in char yield from promoted secondary reactions decreasing as torrefaction severity intensified, ranging from 3.9 to 1.1 times. Raman spectra revealed that the secondary reactions enhanced the condensation of aromatic systems of the char. These findings provide insight into the complex mechanisms underlying primary and secondary char formation during the pyrolysis of torrefied biomass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107187"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZIF-67-derived Co@NC catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation of 4-ethylphenol to cycloalkanes/cycloalkanols","authors":"Yao Tong ,&nbsp;Tianhua Yang ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Bingshuo Li ,&nbsp;Haijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Rundong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived phenolic compounds plays a crucial role in the production of renewable biofuels. In this regard, a series of different Co@NC catalysts were prepared with ZIF-67 as a sacrificial template by modulating the catalyst pyrolysis temperature and used for the catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolic model compound 4-ethylphenol for the preparation of cyclohexanols/ cyclohexanes. The results showed that the low-temperature pyrolysis will retain a large number of CoO_<em>x</em> compounds, which led to a high dispersion of Co. For Co@NC catalysts, the uniformly dispersed Co component facilitated the adsorption and transfer of hydrogen, and the exposed surface of the carrier promoted the adsorption of reactants. The pyrolysis temperature also played a crucial role in the differences in catalyst crystal surface, specific surface area, acid strength distribution and oxygen vacancies. Co@NC catalyst prepared at 600 °C has a stronger hydrogen absorption capacity, the largest specific surface area and a higher number of oxygen vacancies. Therefore, the Co@NC-600 catalyst showed the best HDO activity. Under the mild conditions (220 °C, 2.5 h and 3 MPa H₂), the conversion of 4-ethylphenol was close to 100 %, and the selectivities of 4-ethylcyclohexanol and ethylcyclohexane were 62.7 % and 10.8 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107185"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of plastics as hydrogen donor on catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose to produce monocyclic aromatics","authors":"Hengshuo Gu ,&nbsp;Ting Zhao ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Yufei Gu ,&nbsp;Hucheng Ge ,&nbsp;Yuke Liu ,&nbsp;Fuwei Li ,&nbsp;Zhixia Li ,&nbsp;Hongfei Lin ,&nbsp;Jiangfei Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaap.2025.107183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hierarchical ZSM-5 (Z-40) was synthesized via a simple two-step hydrothermal crystallization without using any organic template. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as hydrogen donor was added into the catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose to enhance deoxygenation and the formation of BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene). Cellulose and LDPE showed the strongest synergistic effect at a feed ratio of 1, and the obtained experimental BTX yield (22.9 %) was 52.7 % higher than the theoretical yield (15 %). Co-catalytic pyrolysis (CCP) of two polymers followed similar cracking behavior to CCP of their pyrolysis vapor model compounds (furfural and <em>n</em>-octane), mainly including pyrolysis, catalytic cracking of pyrolysis fragments in external surface and hydrocarbons pool reactions of small cracking fragments in the internal micropores of zeolite. Z-40 showed better catalytic performance than the commercial ZSM-5 (higher BTX yield and less coke deposition) due to the appropriate acidic properties and distinctive pore structure. The optimal condition for CCP of cellulose/LDPE was temperature at 550 °C, feed ratio at 1:1 and catalyst/feed ratio at 2:1, and the achieved BTX yield reached 24.5 % with high BTX selectivity of 86.7 %. This work provided a cost-effective method for synthesis of ZSM-5 and production of high value-added BTX via a green non-oil route.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":345,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 107183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}